• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2707-2710
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• 2013

Background: This study used pre-hepatitis A vaccination era data in U.S. to study the relationship between serum hepatitis A antibody positivity with pancreas cancer mortality in adults. Patients and Methods: Public use National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) data were employed. NHANES III uses complex probabilistic methods to sample nationally representative samples. Household adult laboratory and mortality data were merged. Sample persons who were available to be examined in the Mobile Examination Center (MEC) were included in this study. All results were obtained by using specialized survey software taking into account the primary sampling unit and stratification variables and the weights assigned to the sample persons examined in the MEC. Thus they are representative of the U.S. population. Results: The mean risk (95%CI) of death in the study population for pancreas cancer was 0.0014 (-0.000069 -.0029); their mean age (95%CI) at the mobile examination center (MXPAXTMR) was 473.43 (463.85-482.10); the follow up in months from their medical examination (permth_exm) was 170.12 (164.17-176.07). The odds ratios (S.E.) of the statistically significant univariables were: age, 1.007 (1.005-1.009); serum anti-hepatitis antibody status, 0.038 (0.004-0.376); and drinking hard liquor, 1.014 (1.004-1.023). The coefficients (S.E.) of the statistically significant variables after multivariate analysis were 0.006 (0.002-0.010) for age and -2.528 (-4.945--0.111) for serum anti-hepatitis A antibody negativity (using serum anti-hepatitis A antibody positivity as a reference). Conclusion: Serum hepatitis A antibody positivity correlates with higher pancreas cancer mortality in adults.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.1-21
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• 2004

This research suggest the correspondent sizes of female ready-made clothes to export to China on the basis of those of Korean women's ready-made clothes. The following is the concrete coverage of this research: $\cdot$ Analyze the physical measurements and body types of the women in their 30s and 40s in the area of Ningbo, Jeolgang Province in China. $\cdot$ Compare the body measurements of Chinese and Korean women. $\cdot$ Hold compensation measurement by an basic torso pattern test to raise precision of the direct and indirect body measurements. $\cdot$ Establish the corresponding and representative sizes of women's ready-made clothes to go to China. $\cdot$ Make basic torso pattern and sample clothes reflecting representative sizes. $\cdot$ Hold adjustment and compensation through the wearing evaluation by Chinese consumers on the spot. $\cdot$ Finally suggest the correspondent sizes of women's ready-made clothes to export to China.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.535-543
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• 2020

Investors from the whole world are looking for those stock markets that are less affected by interest rates. Pakistan is a good place to invest and the investors from the whole world are considering Pakistan for future ventures. The current study, therefore, aims to analyze the factors affecting investors' decision making in Pakistan with the interaction effect of locus of control. The primary data are gathered from 300 respondents. Structural equation modelling (SEM-PLS) is used to analyze the interactions among variables. The study finds positive impact of availability and representative biases on investment decision making. The study could not find any moderating role of locus of control. The results imply that decisions made by Pakistani investors are driven by the most easily or currently available information and they trust on the information obtained from family and friends without any authentication and verification. One possible description of insignificant moderation effect of locus of control can be the sample traits used in the study, e.g., personal characteristics, that change from culture to culture. Another description of these findings may be the association between heuristic biases, including availability, representative and psychological biases and decision-making regarding investment is not personality specific.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.115-136
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to find out job description and necessary abilities for Consumer Affairs Department Service in business. This study was done using survey by mail to the representatives in Consumer Affairs Department in business. 354 representatives were used for the sample. The business was selected 32 among 107 in OCAP(Organization of Consumer Affairs Professionals in Business), from September 25 to October 5, 2000. The results were analyzed from 96 representatives, 23 business. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The degree of importance and participation on the job description in Customer Service Department was analyzed. The most important job was related to consulting. Consumer management and information collect & provision were next important job in consumer affairs. 2. When the degree of participation on the job description compared to the degree of importance, we found that the general level of participation on the job was a little lower than the degree of importance on the job. Especially, the biggest difference was found in the formation of focusing customer. The smallest difference was found in the field of consulting. 3. The most necessary ability for the representative of consumer affairs department in business was responsibility and sincerity, communication skill. The big difference of present ability and necessary ability of representative was persuasive power and communication skirt.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2004

The Multiethnic Cohort Study was designed to study prospectively the relationship of diet and other lifestyle factors to the risk of cancer. The cohort was established in 1993-1996 in Hawaii and California (primarily Los Angeles) and included a representative sample of more than 215,000 men and women primarily from five different ethnic groups: Japanese, whites, Native Hawaiians, Latinos, and African- Americans. Because of the emphasis on diet, great attention was paid to developing and pre-testing a self-administered quantitative food frequency questionnaire that would adequately assess food and nutrient intakes in these groups. An extensive food composition database was also created for the study. In addition, during data collection, a calibration study was conducted that makes possible adjustment for measurement error in nutrient intakes and valid comparison of intakes across the several ethnic groups. At the present time, blood and urine specimens are being collected from cohort participants and should yield a biorepository of more than 80,000 subjects. Baseline data indicate that the cohort is well representative of the general population of Hawaii and California, so that results can be generalized. These data also show a wide range in dietary intakes and in other lifestyle variables that should facilitate the testing of etiologic hypotheses.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.416-418
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• 2001

This Paper presents the 2-step load cycle of daily load curve for representative load pattern of power distribution transformer. We decide the representative load pattern of distribution transformer in domestic using the pattern classification algorithm. The K-mean method is used for the pattern classification algorithm. The acquisition equipment of field load data is utilized for 96-sample distribution transformers and the field data is used in the construction of the database for the creation of daily load pattern.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.52-60
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• 2022

Few-shot learning is a sub-area of machine learning problems, which aims to classify target images that only contain a few labeled samples for training. As a representative few-shot learning method, the Prototypical network has been received much attention due to its simplicity and promising results. However, the Prototypical network uses the sample mean of samples from the same class as the prototypes of that class, which easily results in learning uncharacteristic features in the low-data scenery. In this study, we propose to use local descriptors (i.e., patches along the channel within feature maps) from the same class to explicitly obtain more representative prototypes for Prototypical Network so that significant intra-class feature information can be maintained and thus improving the classification performance on few-shot learning tasks. Experimental results on various benchmark datasets including mini-ImageNet, CUB-200-2011, and tiered-ImageNet show that the proposed method can learn more discriminative intra-class features by the local descriptors and obtain more generic prototype representations under the few-shot setting.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.147-153
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• 2023

Urbanization has been causing such new pollutants as micro-plastic, thus the environmental impact of new pollutants on ecosystem is rapidly increasing. When it comes to micro-plastic, a representative artificial trace pollutant, its risk has been increased at a much faster rate, however the depth study associated with stormwater sediment and wetland was relatively rare. In this research, soil samples from storm water sediment were analyzed for distribution characteristics of micro-plastics in the J wetland (registered as Ramsar wetland, May 2021 and a representative environmental site in South Korea). Analyzed soil samples found approximately 201 ± 93 particle/kg (based on unit weight, Total micro plastic particles / Total Sample weight) micro-plastics in the samples. When considering the total quantitative numbers in stormwater sediment in the entire area of the J wetland, over 15,000 micro-plastics were estimated to be contaminating such area. In addition, in terms of qualitative numbers, micro-plastics were contaminating the J wetland with 94.7 % ratio of styrofoam type (43.9%) and polyethylene type (50.8%). These research results can be used as base data sets for controlling micro-plastics in the J wetland.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.2016-2022
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• 2010

We propose a new algorithm for reconstructing curves with self-intersections from sample points. In general, the result of curve reconstruction depends on how to select and order the representative points to resemble the shape of sample points. Most of the previous point ordering approaches utilize the Euclidean distance to compute the proximity of sample points without directional information, so they can not solve the non-simple curve reconstruction problem. In this paper, we develop a new distance estimating the adjacency between sample points, which is derived from the standard normal distribution of Brownian motion. Experimental results show that this approach is very effective to non-simple curve reconstruction.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.57.1-57.1
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• 2014

We present results of our investigation of intrinsic brightness temperatures of compact radio jets at radio frequencies. The intrinsic brightness temperatures of about 100 compact radio jets at 2, 5, 8, 15, and 86 GHz are estimated based on large VLBI surveys conducted in 2001-2003 (or in 1996 for the 5 GHz sample). The multi-freqeuncy intrinsic brightness temperatures of the sample of the jets are determined with a statistical method relating the observed brightness temperatures with the maximal apparent jet speed, assuming one representative intrinsic brightness temperature for the sample at each observing frequency. With investigating the observed brightness temperatures at 15 GHz in multiple epochs, we found that the determination of the intrinsc brightness temperature for our sample is affected by variability of individual jets in flux density at the time scales of a few years. This implies an importance of contemporaneity of the multi-frequency VLBI observations for the statistical method. Since our analysis is based on the VLBI observations conducted in 2001-2003, the results are less affected by the flux density variability. We found that the intrinsic brightness temperature $T_0$ increases as $T_0{\propto}{\nu}^{\epsilon}$ with ${\epsilon}{\approx}0.7$ below a critical frequency ${\nu}_c{\approx}10GHz$ where energy losses begin to dominate the emission, and above the critical frequency, $T_0$ decreases with ${\epsilon}{\approx}-1.2$ supporting for the decelerating jet model.