• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 1998.06b
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• pp.92-97
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• 1998

For the efficient searching and browsing of digital video, it is essential to extract the internal structure of the video contents. As an example, a news video consists of several sections such as politics, economics, sports and others, and also each section consists of individual topics. With this information in hand, users can ore easily access the required video frames. This paper addresses the problem of automatic shot boundary detection and selection of representative frames (R-frames), which are the essential step in recognizing the internal structure of video contents. In the shot boundary detection, a new algorithm that have dual detectors which are designed specifically for the abrupt boundaries (cuts) and gradually changing bounaries respectively is proposed. Compared to the existing 미algorithms that mostly have tried to detect both types by a single mechanism, the proposed algorithm is proved to be more robust and accurate. Also in the problem of R-frame selection, simple mechanical approaches such as selecting one frame every other second have been adopted. However this approach often selects too many R-frames in static short, while drops important frames in dynamic shots. To improve the selection mechanism, a new R-frame selection algorithm that uses motion information extracted from pixel difference is proposed.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.119-128
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• 2008

This paper analyzes the relationship between two representative statistical methods for bandwidth extension (BWE): Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) ones, and compares their performances. The HMM method is a memory-based system which was developed to take advantage of the inter-frame dependency of speech signals. Therefore, it could be expected to estimate better the transitional information of the original spectra from frame to frame. To verify it, a dynamic measure that is an approximation of the 1st-order derivative of spectral function over time was introduced in addition to a static measure. The comparison result shows that the two methods are similar in the static measure, while, in the dynamic measure, the HMM method outperforms explicitly the GMM one. Moreover, this difference increases in proportion to the number of states of HMM model. This indicates that the HMM method would be more appropriate at least for the 'blind BWE' problem. On the other hand, nevertheless, the GMM method could be treated as a preferable alternative of the HMM one in some applications where the static performance and algorithm complexity are critical.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.515-517
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 내용 기반 검색을 위한 방법의 핵심 기술중의 하나인 효율적인 대표키 프레임 추출을 위해 동적인 분할 기법을 제안하고, 다양한 장르의 비디오 데이터에 대하여 그 성능을 평가해 본다. 제안된 대표키 프레임 추출법은 기존의 균등 분할 방법에서 필요 이상의 분할이나 적은 분할로 인하여 중복 추출되거나 추출 대상에서 제외되었던 대표키를 효율적으로 검출할 수 있는 방법으로서 이는 분할 기준을 영상의 각 장르별 특징에 맞도록 동적으로 적용함으로써 획일적인 값을 적용한 기존의 연구와는 달리 차별을 가진다. 제안된 알고리즘으로 대표키 프레임을 추출하기 위하여 뉴스, 영화, 뮤직 드라마, 광고와 같은 다양한 장르별로 실험한 결과, 제안된 대표키 프레임 검출 방법이 효율적임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.591-597
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• 1997

Instantaneous velocity distribution within coaxial circular pipe for measurement velocity of high speed is acquired simultaneously by applying the 2-dimensional PTV system consisting of a pulse generator(AOM:Acousto-Optical Modulator), a continuous-output laser and a PC image grabber together with experimental apparatus. The basic mechanism of AOM and vector identification method and performance-related image processing techniques are discussed. Representative measuring regions $90{\times}90$mm are selected and instantaneous vectors are represented and fully developed turbulent flow of maximum velocity up to about 1.0 m/sec is obtained.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.184-187
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• 2004

There are many factors that generate the early deterioration of the concrete structure. As the one of the representative factors, we can think an invasion of the water, air and so on. The water and air invade in inside void along the capillarity and they become the cause that the durability like corrosion of layer department due to freezing and thawing, inside steel frame corrosion, and so on blacks. Therefore with covering permeability covering waterproofing material of fluid condition in outer wall, intercepting the deterioration factor due to the infiltration of water from outside and for salt damage of concrete layer department, freezing damage and neutralization, it needs to improve durability of structure. This study separately examined physical and chemical specific of quality liguid siliceous of waterproofing material. Therefore as this applys the construction site, it improves the durability of concrete structure. Further this presents the application plan from the construction market against the new material.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.503-516
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• 2011

Uncertainty in concrete properties, including concrete modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture, are predicted by developing a microstructural homogenization model. The homogenization model is developed by analyzing a concrete representative volume element (RVE) using the finite element (FE) method. The concrete RVE considers concrete as a three phase composite material including: cement paste, aggregate and interfacial transition zone (ITZ). The homogenization model allows for considering two sources of variability in concrete, randomly dispersed aggregates in the concrete matrix and uncertain mechanical properties of composite phases of concrete. Using the proposed homogenization technique, the uncertainty in concrete modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture (described by numerical cumulative probability density function) are determined. Deflection uncertainty of reinforced concrete (RC) beams, propagated from uncertainties in concrete properties, is quantified using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Cracked plane frame analysis is used to account for tension stiffening in concrete. Concrete homogenization enables a unique opportunity to bridge the gap between concrete materials and structural modeling, which is necessary for realistic serviceability prediction.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2017

The compression of video for both full HD and UHD requires the inclusion of extra vertical lines to every video frame, named as the DTV essential hidden area (DEHA), for the effective functioning of the MPEG-2/4/H encoder, stream, and decoder. However, while the encoding/decoding process is dependent on the DEHA, the DEHA is conventionally viewed as a redundancy in terms of channel utilization or storage efficiency. This paper proposes a block mode DEHA method to more effectively utilize the DEHA. Partitioning video block images and then evenly filling the representative DEHA macroblocks with the average DC coefficient of the active video macroblock can minimize the amount of DEHA data entering the compressed video stream. Theoretically, this process results in smaller DEHA data entering the video stream. Experimental testing of the proposed block mode DEHA method revealed a slight improvement in the quality of the active video. Outside of this technological improvement to video quality, the attractiveness of the proposed DEHA method is also heightened by the ease that it can be implemented with existing video encoders.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.63-67
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• 2003

There are many factors that generate the early deterioration of the concrete structure. As the one of the representative factors, we can think an invasion of the water, air and so on. The water and air invade in inside void along the capillarity and they become the cause that the durability like corrosion of layer department due to freezing and thawing, inside steel frame corrosion, and so on blacks. Therefore with covering permeability covering waterproofing material of fluid condition in outer wall, intercepting the deterioration factor due to the infiltration of water from outside and for salt damage of concrete layer department, freezing damage and neutralization, it needs, to improve durability of structure. This study separately examined physical and chemical specific of quality liguid siliceous of waterproofing material. Therefore as this applys the construction site, it improves the durability of concrete structure. Further this presents the application plan from the construction market against the new material.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.102-111
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• 1997

For rational agricultural land use planning, it is quite necessary to get hold of land suitability precisely and to make decision on land use patterns accordingly. In the methodological viewpoint, objective and scientific evaluation techniques for land suitability classification should be supported for the systematic land use planning. As one of technical development approaches to rational land use planning, this study tried to frame a land suitability evaluation system for agricultural purposes. Evaluation unit is defined as a tract of land bounded by road, other land units and topographical features. And quantification theory was applied in the determination works of evaluation criteria. The administrative area of Namsa-myon(district), Yongin-si(city), Kyunggi-do(province) was selected for the case study. In order to check the feasibility of the evaluation system developed in the study, field check team, consisting of 2 government officers and 2 representative farmers, carried out evaluation works by observation on 148 sample land units, 10% of total 1,480 ones. Between estimated and observed results, there showed very good relationship of its multiple correlation coefficient, R=0.9467.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.265-268
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• 2001

In content-based video data retrieval, the representative-frame is usually used. To do that, the skill of detection for scene change is needed. Generally the color histogram comparison is used, but sensitive to light variation and tends to miss the scene change of similar color histogram. This paper shows how to use both color histogram comparison and entropy to prevent the false-positive of scene change occurred by light variation. At the experiments, il is more powerful to light variation to use both color histogram comparison entropy than to use only color histogram comparison.