• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.194-202
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• 2013

Commercial spaces are very sensitive in terms of trend and uniqueness, and many elements expressing space coexist together with brilliant ideas aiming to attract consumer attention and even induce sudden desire of purchase. Coexistence in space is expressed in various ways and out of those ways, representation by material is especially apparent. The application of material does not individually influence the expression of space, but the characteristics of multiple materials applied contribute to the distinction of space through mutual communication. This study intends to analyze how conversion is centered to express the distinction of space through materials communicated in space. The detailed study results are as follows. First, the conversion expression method of material resulted as 'Substitution', 'Contrast', 'Assimilation', 'Creation'. These four was divided and analyzed into 'Time', 'Space', 'Genre'. As a result of this analysis, such significances were shown as 'Contrast' in 'Time', 'Substitution' in 'Space', and 'Assimilation' in 'Genre'. Second, the conflict due to heterogeneity by conversion of 'Contrast' in 'Time' through past and current materials appeared to induce interest amongst consumers. Third, within 'Space', 'Substitution' of natural/artificial materials was noticeably applied. This is evaluated as a constructive way of expressing natural forms into artificial forms further intending to provoke attention and stimulate emotion. Fourth, in conversion through 'Assimilation' in 'Genre', rather than using materials only from other areas, synchronizing it by combining architectural materials is an effective method. Such results are thought to be a distinctive design method that draws attention of customers by communicating disparate materials in commercial space. Thus, the study results are expected to be utilized as an elementary resource in designing commercial space with character and high satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.415-440
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• 2005

This paper analyses meta-data systems for serials in order to provide the fundamental infrastructure for serials-sharing systems based on semantic interoperability. According to the primitive features of serials information, meta-data for serials are classified into 3 main subsystems: serial identification Information, serial bibliographic information and serial holding information. The serial identification information that play the important role of the primary key in library management systems should be refined to accommodate serials with digital formats. Although MARC formats have been commonly used for the description of serial bibliographic information, a new meta-data format for serial bibliographic information that harmonize with the abundance of meta-data elements in MARC and the simplicity of DCMI. For serial holding information, the newly proposed standards such as ANSI/NSIO Z39.50 are adequate to grasp the varieties of serial holding patterns. It should be able to differentiate the level of description by means of the types of serial information services. As the current computing technology generally uses XML for the representation and Process of information, the meta-data system for serials should be based on XML.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.633-646
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• 2003

Using the self-contained characteristics of XML, in various areas the XML is widely used to a meta language which can describe information and is recognized to a standard language to present information on the web. In this paper, we point out many difficult problems when we are going to a serial activity of software engineering like that we analyze, reuse, and maintenance source programs. Then we describe whether the existed studies about documentation provide the solutions for the problems above mentioned or not. Finally, we propose the JML(Java Markup Language) that can effectively support solutions about these difficulties. Then we analyze the sample program and present the generated JML docuement using the results. explain the result that The JML is an XML DTD to describe software information written by Java language. Also, we describe the meaning of elements that are parts of whole JML, and explain how to represent the information of Java source codes using each element.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.204-213
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• 2015

Under the conditional independence assumption among local features, the Naive Bayes Nearest Neighbor (NBNN) classifier has been recently proposed and performs classification without any training or quantization phases. While the original NBNN shows high classification accuracy without adopting an explicit training phase, the conditional independence among local features is against the compositionality of objects indicating that different, but related parts of an object appear together. As a result, the assumption of the conditional independence weakens the accuracy of classification techniques based on NBNN. In this work, we look into this issue, and propose a novel Bayesian network for an NBNN based classification to consider the conditional dependence among features. To achieve our goal, we extract a high-level feature and its corresponding, multiple low-level features for each image patch. We then represent them based on a simple, two-level layered Bayesian network, and design its classification function considering our Bayesian network. To achieve low memory requirement and fast query-time performance, we further optimize our representation and classification function, named relation-based Bayesian network, by considering and representing the relationship between a high-level feature and its low-level features into a compact relation vector, whose dimensionality is the same as the number of low-level features, e.g., four elements in our tests. We have demonstrated the benefits of our method over the original NBNN and its recent improvement, and local NBNN in two different benchmarks. Our method shows improved accuracy, up to 27% against the tested methods. This high accuracy is mainly due to consideration of the conditional dependences between high-level and its corresponding low-level features.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.455-476
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• 2006

An avatar script language consists of commands set which is used to control avatar behaviors in cyberspace. The script language should be abstract from complex low-level concepts, so that a user can write down a scenario script easily without concerning about physical motion parameters. Also, the script should be defined in a standard format and structure to allow reusing in various implementation tools. In this paper, a layered script language is proposed for avatar behavior representation and control, which consists of task-level behavior, high-level motion and primitive motion script language. The script language of each layer represents behavior elements for a scenario scripting interface, an avatar motion sequence, and geometric information of implementation environment, respectively. Therefore, a user can create a scenario script by abstract behavior interface and a script can be applied to various implementations by the proposed translating process. A presentation domain is chosen for applying the proposed script language and the implementation result shows that the script is flexibly applied in several applications.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.17
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• pp.117-132
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the way of representing women in and which producted and released in 1972, the year of Revitalizing Reform System starts. Each films intended to construct some conventional popular codes for persuading the public. Considering this contexts, it is true there was a little difference between these two films and the national cinema which undertaken on a full scale after Revitalizing Reform System started. But we can also find that each films revealed the intention of ruling ideology suturing the opposite values resulted by the specificities of Modernizing project during the Park Chung-Hee reign using a strategy which represents women officially. These women who were wholly integrated with the official discourses would proposed a ideal stereotype which supports the Developmental mobilization regime and through this strategy the Park Chung-Hee reign wanted to construct a new group identity of women as the very proper elements of Nation.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.76
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• pp.7-30
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to review and criticize the articles that analyzed Frozen by using the semiotic method of Greimas. The study also aims to apply the semiotic method of Greimas correctly to find the deep structure of the narrative of Frozen. The results of the narrative analysis based on the actantial model and the semiotic square show that Frozen is not Elsa's heroic narrative but Anna's one. Because Elsa and Anna are the opposing elements in this narrative, the success of Anna is the failure of Elsa. Frozen does not convey the subversive message about the gender roles by representing an independent and active woman who resists the patriarchal discourse. Instead, Frozen reproduces the conformist ideology by saying that love is the most valuable thing and that everyone should accept the role given to him/her by the community.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.1C
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• pp.65-71
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• 2004

We improved the MLLR speaker adaptation algorithm with reduction of the order of HMM parameters using PCA(Principle Component Analysis) or ICA(Independent Component Analysis). To find a smaller set of variables with less redundancy, we adapt PCA(principal component analysis) and ICA(independent component analysis) that would give as good a representation as possible, minimize the correlations between data elements, and remove the axis with less covariance or higher-order statistical independencies. Ordinary MLLR algorithm needs more than 30 seconds adaptation data to represent higher word recognition rate of SD(Speaker Dependent) models than of SI(Speaker Independent) models, whereas proposed algorithm needs just more than 10 seconds adaptation data. 10 components for ICA and PCA represent similar performance with 36 components for ordinary MLLR framework. So, compared with ordinary MLLR algorithm, the amount of total computation requested in speaker adaptation is reduced by about 1/167 in proposed MLLR algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.549-568
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• 2010

This paper analyzed the topics dealing with three-dimensional figures in most recently revised mathematics textbooks on the basis of the national mathematics curriculum announced in 2007. First, the overall content was analyzed with regard to how textbooks were aligned to the curriculum as well as how the main elements including the definitions of specific solid figures were introduced and developed in different units across grades. Second, the instructional methods of three-dimensional figures were analyzed, which specifically revealed the lack of inquiry phase before introducing cones and pyramids. Third, the instructional methods to foster students' spatial sense with solid figures were analyzed, which showed the increased focus on the prediction and representation of figures. It is expected that the issues and suggestions from this study are informative revising curricular materials and applying them to the classroom.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.3 s.112
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• pp.176-190
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• 2007

As the globalization has increasingly brought in the disintrgration of boundary between cultures, the hybrid of styles, or fusion styles in various cultural spheres have been introduced as important theme. With this new trend, the traditional culture of Asia appeared as the source of inspiration for the West, and as the source of enhanced pride and asset for ethnic groups which have been considered "the Other" by the West. 1990's witnessed a drastically increased interest in Orientalism and Ethnic trends in most social aspects, especially in culture and art. They have been the main theme in fashion, providing the source of inspiration with elements such as the unique color schemes, composition methods and geometrical simplicity. The creative application of traditional culture into modern design as well as fashion can make a significant contribution and be a solid foundation for the development of national culture in general, since images containing cultural authenticity are the visual representation of the nation and they can be important tools for the globalization of design. This study aims to find out the formative characteristics of Korean traditional embroidery and the ways they are applied in modern fashion by world-renowned Korean fashion designers. The purpose of this study is to make a fundamental source for further study by the same author on creative design development utilizing the result. The study methods are literature study combined with research of genuine articles from museums and personal ownership as well as photos from magazines and internet. The significance of this study lies in enhancing the appreciation of Korean traditional culture and expanding the possibility of its globalization by modern application.