• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.282-287
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• 2014

The ORI2 (3-[3,4-dihydroxyphenyl]acrylic acid 1-[3,4-dihydroxyphenyl]-2-methoxycarbonylethyl ester) was purified from the extract of Isodon excisus. We confirmed the antiviral effect of ORI2 in a coxsackievirus-induced pancreatitis model. Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) is a common cause of pancreatitis and may be reason of the type-1 diabetes. Anti-enteroviral compounds were screened by HeLa cell survival assay. Purified natural compounds were added to HeLa cells cultured 96-well plates after $10^4PFU/ml$ CVB4 pre-incubation for 30 min. ORI2 significantly improved HeLa cell survival in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, ORI2 (1 mM) treatment was dramatically decreased virus protease 2A induced eIF4G-I cleavage and viral VP1 capsid protein production. HeLa cell virus titers and viral RNA replication were significantly decreased in ORI2-treatment in a dose dependent manner (1 mM~0.001 mM). These results demonstrate that ORI2 has a strong antiviral effect. It was significantly decreased virus replication. ORI2 may be developed as a potential therapeutic agent for CVB4.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2004

Mobile Internet allows users to request critical information and receive swift responses at any places, but mobile users could suffer from unreliable and ill-timed services due to the characteristics of wireless media, One way that reduces possibility of the unsatisfactory services is data replication. Data Replica1ion, however, inevitably induces the overhead of maintaining replica consistency which requires more expensive synchronization mechanism. We propose a new replicated data management scheme in distributed mobile environment, In order to alleviate negative impact of synchronization message overhead in fault-prone mobile Internet environment, we devise a new replication control scheme called proxy quorum consensus (PQC), PQC minimizes the message overhead by coordinating quorum access activities by means of proxy mediated voting (PMV) which exploits reliable proxy hosts instead of unreliable mobile hosts in voting process, We also propose a simulation model to show the performance of PQC. Based on the results of the performance evaluation, we conclude that PQC scheme outperforms the traditional schemes.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.91-99
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• 2014

The main game architectures for multiplayer online games are the traditional client-server architectures, multi-server architectures and P2P(peer-to-peer) architectures. P2P architectures, due to their distributed and collaborative nature, have low infrastructure costs and can achieve high scalability as well as fast response time by creating direct connections between players. However, P2P architectures face many challenges. Distributing a game among peers makes maintaining control over the game more complex. These architectures also tend to be vulnerable to churn and cheating. Providing consistency control in P2P systems is also more difficult since conflicting updates might be executed at different sites resulting in inconsistency. In order to avoid or correct inconsistencies, most multiplayer games use a primary-copy replication approach where any update to the object has to be first performed on the primary copy. This paper presents the primary-copy model with the update dissemination mechanism that provides consistency control over an object in P2P architectures for multiplayer online games. The performance for this model is evaluated through simulation experiments and analysis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9241-9247
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• 2014

Background: Rs31489 in the cleft lip and palate transmembrane1-like gene (CLPTM1L) has been identified to be associated with lung cancer through genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, some recent replication studies yielded inconclusive results. Thus, we undertook this study to investigate the precise effect of rs31489 on lung cancer susceptibility. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based case-control study in 1,673 Chinese subjects (611 individuals with lung cancer and 1,062 controls) and a meta-analysis among 32,199 subjects (16,364 cases and 15,835 controls) were performed in this study. Results: In our case-control study, rs31489 was inversely associated with lung cancer (AC versus CC: OR=0.68, 95%CI=0.52-0.88; additive model: OR=0.68, 95%CI=0.54-0.85; dominant model: OR=0.65, 95%CI =0.51-0.84). Stratification analysis by smoking status showed a significant association and strong genetic effect in non-smokers but not in smokers. Our meta-analysis further confirmed the association, although with significant heterogeneity contributed by study design and source of controls, as shown by stratified analysis. Sensitive and cumulative analyses both indicated robust stability of our results. In addition, there was no observable publication bias in our meta-analysis. Conclusions: Overall, the findings from our replication study and meta-analysis demonstrated that CLPTM1L gene rs31489 is significantly associated with lung cancer.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.2012-2018
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• 2016

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is the main cause of acute myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Plant extracts are considered as useful materials to develop new antiviral drugs. We had previously selected candidate plant extracts, which showed anti-inflammatory effects. We examined the antiviral effects by using a HeLa cell survival assay. Among these extracts, we chose the Amomi Cardamomi (Amomi) extract, which showed strong antiviral effect and preserved cell survival in CVB3 infection. We investigated the mechanisms underlying the ability of Amomi extract to inhibit CVB3 infection and replication. HeLa cells were infected by CVB3 with or without Amomi extract. Erk and Akt activities, and their correlation with virus replication were observed. Live virus titers in cell supernatants and viral positive- and negative-strand RNA amplification were measured. Amomi extract significantly increased HeLa cell survival in different concentrations ($100-10{\mu}g/ml$). CVB3 capsid protein VP1 expression (76%) and viral protease 2A-induced eIF4G1 cleavage (70%) were significantly decreased in Amomi extract ($100{\mu}g/ml$) treated cells. The levels of positive- (20%) and negative-strand (80%) RNA were dramatically decreased compared with the control, as revealed by reverse transcription-PCR. In addition, Amomi extract improved mice survival (51% vs 26%) and dramatically reduced heart inflammation in a CVB3-induced myocarditis mouse model. These results suggested that Amomi extract significantly inhibited Enterovirus replication and myocarditis damage. Amomi may be developed as a therapeutic drug for Enterovirus.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 1999

We survey the researches on self-reproducing structures on cellular automata. Self-reproduction is the foremost characteristic of life, and cellular automata are ideal model for studying artificial life. From the early studies by Von Neumann to late results on computational models using self-reproducing structures and emergence of self-replication are covered. Also possible applications of self-replicating structures are listed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.275-278
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• 1996

We propose dynamic file allocation method in distributed database management system with changing access patterns. There are a lot of studies on file allocation problem in D-DBMS, and those studies deal with off-line analysis and optimization. Those works are well for systems with static database access patterns, but are inadequate for systems that have changing access patterns. In these systems, dynamic file allocation along with access pattern is more proper. In advance, Brunstrom et al. studied on this area, but they dealt a extremely simplified model. So, we make more practical models to simulate real system. In these models, many factors that were disregard in the advance study are considered. These models are composed with the non-replication system and the replication system. In addition to, we deal with CPU workload balancing in such system in order to improve performance of systems. Our methodology is very simple and realistic, therefore we think that it will give a lot of improvement in D-DBMS with changing access pattern.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association for Survey Research Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.213-230
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• 2007

Although the response model has been frequently applied to nonresponse weighting adjustment or imputation, the estimation under callbacks has been relatively underdeveloped in the response model. The estimation method using the response probability is developed under callbacks. A replication method for the estimation of the variance of the proposed estimation is also developed. Since the true response probability is usually unknown, we study the estimation of the response probability. Finally, we propose an estimator under callbacks using the ratio imputation as well as the response probability. The simulation study illustrates our techniques.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.77-84
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• 2004

Recently, as the number of entities participating in the Grid system increased, the response time of LDAP system became inadequate. Consequently, we have to design new LDAP that suitable for high performance Grid environments. For this, researches about analysis of performance LDAP system are needed firstly. However, because researches are focused mostly on read operation optimized environments, so these result of researches are not directly applied to high performance Grid environments that write operation occupies most. In this paper, we provide overall results of analysis of performance of LDAP system with respect to number of node, query arrival rate, probability of read and so on. The analysis is based on in analytic performance model by applying the M/M/1 queuing model. Finally, based on the results, we suggest the direction for the design of high performance LDAP system and this research results can be applied as basic materials to design of GIS in high performance Grid environments as well as.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.7 s.110
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• pp.985-996
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• 2006

As the internet technologies develop, the geographic information system environment is changing to the web-based service. Since geospatial information of the existing Web-GIS services were developed independently, there is no interoperability to support diverse map formats. In spite of the same geospatial information object it can be used for various proposes that is duplicated in GIS separately. It needs intelligent strategies for optimal replica selection, which is identification of replication geospatial information objects. And for management of replication objects, OMG, GLOBE and GRID computing suggested related frameworks. But these researches are not thorough going enough in case of geospatial information object. This paper presents a model of location service, which is supported for optimal selection among replication and management of replication objects. It is consist of tree main services. The first is binding service which can save names and properties of object defined by users according to service offers and enable clients to search them on the service of offers. The second is location service which can manage location information with contact records. And obtains performance information by the Load Sharing Facility on system independently with contact address. The third is intelligent selection service which can obtain basic/performance information from the binding service/location service and provide both faster access and better performance characteristics by rules as intelligent model based on rough sets. For the validity of location service model, this research presents the processes of location service execution with Graphic User Interface.