• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.661-672
• /
• 2009

65세 이상 노인 30명을 대상으로 매트 운동과 필드 운동을 6주간 실시한 후 운동전, 3주 후, 그리고 6주 후에 균형과 보행에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 측정은 외다리 기립 검사, 버그 균형 검사, 그리고 3차원 동작분석기를 이용하여 보행 분석을 실시하였다. 반복측정자료 분산분석 결과, 시간과 그룹 간 상호작용 효과는 활보길이에서 유의한 차이가 있었고, 외다리 기립, 버그 균형, 분속수, 속도는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 중재기간 별 효과크기를 검정해 본 결과 중재 전과 중재 6주 후, 중재 3주 후와 중재 6주 후에서 유의한 차이가 있었다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.57-63
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this research is to determine whether there is a significant correlation between the angle of the hallux valgus and dorsi-flexion of the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint (1st MPJ) as a physical factor that has a significant influence on healthy human walking. Methods: The subjects of this research were 65 female adults (130 feet) and the methods used included recording of real measurements and conducting a questionnaire. The acquired data is analyzed by the 'Simple Pearson Correlation Analysis' and 'Repeated Measures Analysis' methods. Results: The research result shows that the left area of -0.74706 and the right area of -0.76 have a relatively high negative correlation (p<0.00). Also, after conducting the 'Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance' of the angles of the hallux valgus and dorsi-flexion of the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint (1st MPJ), the result also shows that the left and right areas of -0.75 have a relatively high negative correlation. Conclusion: The present study was performed for the identification of a significant correlation between the angle of the hallux valgus and dorsi-flexion of the 1st MPJ. From the results of this study, we confirmed that there is a clear tendency for the average distribution rates of Hallux Valgus and Hallux Rigidus (Hallux Limitus) of women to show a higher increase in proportion to age.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.99-108
• /
• 2020

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of the confusion level in performing dual tasks using smartphones while walking in subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI). METHODS: Twenty subjects with CAI and 20 healthy subjects participated in the study. The spatial, temporal, spatial-temporal, and variability gait parameters were measured using GAITRite under four different conditions: general gait, web surfing during gait, texting during gait, and gaming during gait. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the interaction according to the group (2) and confusion level in dual-tasks (4). One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare the changes within the group according to the confusion level in dual-tasks. The changes between groups were compared using an independent t-test. The statistical significance level was set to p = .05. RESULTS: Significant interactions in the temporal and spatial-temporal gait parameters were found between the dual-task conditions and the other groups (p < .05). Significant within-group differences in the spatial, temporal, and spatial-temporal gait parameters were found according to the confusion level in dual tasks (p < .05). Significant between-group differences were observed in the temporal and spatial-temporal gait parameters according to the confusion level in dual tasks (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The effect of the confusion level in dual tasks was greater in subjects with CAI than in healthy individuals. This study suggests that to prevent reinjury to the ankle, subjects with CAI should avoid dual tasks such as using smartphones while walking.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.229-240
• /
• 1997

This study analyzed the effects of teacher's scaffolding on children's verbal communication in dramatic play. Twenty-four five-year-old kindergarten children participated. The collected data were analyzed with the repeated measures analysis of variance and two-sample t-tests. The results showed that: the frequency of verbal communication strategies and children's episode length increased in the experimental group where the teacher intervened with the scaffolding. Children in the experimental group showed more positive response in the categories of minimal acceptances and enlarged acceptances. No gender differences were found.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제46권5호
• /
• pp.642-652
• /
• 2016

Purpose: In this single repeated measures study, an examination was done on the effects of dialysate flow rate on dialysis adequacy and fatigue in patients receiving hemodialysis. Methods: This study was a prospective single center study in which repeated measures analysis of variance were used to compare Kt/V urea (Kt/V) and urea reduction ratio (URR) as dialysis adequacy measures and level of fatigue at different dialysate flow rates: twice as fast as the participant's own blood flow, 500 mL/min, and 700 mL/min. Thirty-seven hemodialysis patients received all three dialysate flow rates using counterbalancing. Results: The Kt/V ($M{\pm}SD$) was $1.40{\pm}0.25$ at twice the blood flow rate, $1.41{\pm}0.23$ at 500 mL/min, and $1.46{\pm}0.24$ at 700 mL/min. The URR ($M{\pm}SD$) was $68.20{\pm}5.90$ at twice the blood flow rate, $68.67{\pm}5.22$ at 500 mL/min, and $70.11{\pm}5.13$ at 700 mL/min. When dialysate flow rate was increased from twice the blood flow rate to 700 mL/min and from 500 mL/min to 700 mL/ min, Kt/V and URR showed relative gains. There was no difference in fatigue according to dialysate flow rate. Conclusion: Increasing the dialy-sate flow rate to 700 mL/min is associated with a significant increase in dialysis adequacy. Hemodialysis with a dialysate flow rate of 700 mL/min should be considered in selected patients not achieving adequacy despite extended treatment times and optimized blood flow rate.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제106권2호
• /
• pp.240-248
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 반복적 산행경험이 청소년의 사회성에 미치는 영향을 분석을 위한 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 백두대간 산행 프로그램에 참여한 청소년 58명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 대상자는 2014년부터 2015년까지 40회 이상 참여한 대상자를 반복적 참여자로 선정하고, 2016년 3월부터 4월까지 5회 미만 참여한 대상자를 일시적 참여자로 선정하여 비교분석하였다. 대상자의 일반특성은 기술통계분석을 실시하였으며, 이변량상관분석을 실시하여 사회성의 5개 하위요인 간의 상관계수를 산출하고, 독립표본t검정을 실시하여 사회성을 비교분석하였다. 분석 결과 반복적으로 산행에 참여한 청소년의 사회성이 높게 나타났다. 사회성 하위요인인 자율성, 준법성, 근면성, 협동성, 대인관계 모든 척도에 대해서 반복적 참여자가 일시적 참여자 보다 높게 측정되었다. 이상의 연구 결과를 토대로 반복적 산행경험이 청소년의 사회성에 긍정적 적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였으며, 청소년문제 해결에 있어 근본적인 해결접근방법으로 청소년 대상 산림교육이 필요하다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.70-83
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS) on delayed onset muscle soreness(DOMS). Twenty males performed eccentric exercise of the elbow flexor. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups: 1) a group ($n_1$=7) that received low frequency TENS (7 Hz), 2) a group ($n_2$=7) that received high frequency TENS (500 Hz), 3) a control group ($n_3$=6) that received no treatment. DOMS was induced in a standardised fashion in the non-dominant elbow flexor of all subjects by repeated eccentric exercise. Treatments were applied immediately following exercise and again at 24 hours and at 48 hours after. Subjects attended on three consecutive days for treatment and measurement of elbow flexion, extension and resting angle(universal goniometer), and pain(Visual Analogue Scale; VAS) on a daily basis. Measurements were taken after treatment. Analysis of results using repeated measures analysis of variance(ANOVA) and post hoc tests were as follows: 1) there were between groups differences in pain value at 48 hours after (p<0.05), 2) one-way ANOVA with repeated measurement for pain, resting angle, flexion angle and extension angle revealed significant differences within low frequency TENS group, 3) one-way ANOVA with repeated measurement for flexion angle revealed significant difference within high frequency TENS group.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.297-302
• /
• 2015

To prevent cargo accidents by repeated loads, a continuous monitoring for securing rope or additional safety measures are needed, but most of prevention measures have been conducted only by operator's own experience not a quantitative assessment. Hence, the Load-Displacement curve and approximation formula of securing rope were drawn in this research for a quantitative assessment and simplified measurement on a tension of securing rope using a tensiometer. Moreover, a com parison was conducted between m easuring tension and calculated tension on securing rope with portable tensiometer, 'Load-Displacement' approximation formula. The calculated tension of securing rope is obtained 153.3kfg using the formula and that result has not much difference with initial tension 150.0kgf. Lastly, an analysis of the characteristics of various ropes was suggested to enhance the reliability about quantitative assessment of securing rope's tension through further research.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.232-239
• /
• 2022

This study performed qualitative and quantitative risk assessment of equipment for evaluating the protocol of hydrogen refueling stations and suggested measures to improve safety. Hazard and operability study was performed for qualitative risk assessment, and Hy-KoRAM was used for quantitative risk assessment. Through a qualitative risk assessment, additional ventilation devices were installed, simultaneous venting of the storage container was prohibited, and the number of repeated refilling of the evaluation equipment was identified to manage the number of fillings of the container. Through quantitative risk assessment, the area around the device was set as a restricted area when evaluating the station, and measures were suggested to reduce the frequency of accidents.

• Educational Technology International
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.1-27
• /
• 2023

This study aimed to examine an augmented reality-based teaching simulation in a mobile application. We examined how AR-enabled interactions affect users' perceived scenario usefulness and avatar realism. The participants were forty-six undergraduate students. We randomly grouped them into two conditions: AR and Non-interactive video groups with equal sample sizes. This study employed an experimental design approach with a one-way multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures. The independent variable is the presence/absence of AR interaction with a mobile application. The dependent variables were avatar realism and scenario usefulness. The measures explored how the student avatar's emotional intensity in a scenario influences user perception. The results showed that participants in the AR-interaction group perceived avatar realism significantly higher than those in the non-interactive video group. Also, participants perceived the high emotional intensity scenario (aggression toward peers) to be significantly higher usefulness than the low emotional intensity scenario (classroom disruption).