• 제목/요약/키워드: Renin-angiotensin system

검색결과 100건 처리시간 0.021초

Solubilization of an Angiotensin II Binding Site from Rat Liver

  • Chung, Sung-Hyun;Ravi Iyengar
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.231-236
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    • 1991
  • The high affinity binding sites for angiotensin II were solubilized from rat liver membranes by treatment with CHAPS. The binding protein was also partially purified by angiotensin III inhibitor-coupled Affi-gel affinity chromatography. Binding to the intact membrances as well as to the solubilized preparation was specific and saturable. According to the Scatchard plot, the membrane preparations exhibited a single class of high affinity binding sites with a Kd OF 0.71 nM. The solubilized preparation also showed the presence of a single class of bindings sites with less affinity (Kd of 14 nM). Meanwhile the competition studies using angiotensin II analogues represented two separate binding sites for angiotensin II and single binding site for antagonist. These latter findings were correlated to the results provided by Garrison's research group. More works are needed to clarify this discrepancy.

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Effect of Hemorrhage on mRNA Expressions of Renin, Angiotensinogen and $AT_1$ Receptors in Rat Central and Peripheral Tissues

  • Lee, Mi-Kyung;Jo, Hak-Ryul;Kim, Kyung-Soon;Yang, Eun-Kyoung;Lee, Won-Jung
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • 제1권2호
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    • pp.151-159
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    • 1997
  • In an attempt to investigate whether hemorrhage affects the gene expression of the renin-angioteusin system (RAS) components in the brain and peripheral angiotensin-generating tissues, changes in mRNA levels of the RAS components in response to hemorrhage were measured in conscious unrestrained rats. Wistar rats were bled at a rate of 3 ml/kg/min for 5 min, and then decapitated 7 h after hemorrhage. Levels of mRNA for renin, angiotensinogen and angiotensin $II-AT_1$ receptor subtypes ($AT_{1A}$ and $AT_{1B}$) were determined with the methods of northern blot and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Hemorrhage produced a profound hypotension with tachycardia, but blood pressure and heart rate recovered close to the basal level at 7 h. Plasma and renal renin levels were significantly increased at 7 h. Hemorrhage induced rapid upregulation of gene expression of both $AT_{1A}$ and $AT_{1B}$ receptor subtypes in the brainstem and hypothalamus, downregulation of them in the adrenal gland and liver. However, renin mRNA level increased in the brainstem, decreased in the liver, but was not changed in the hypothalamus, kidney and adrenals after hemorrhage. Angiotensinogen mRNA level was not significantly changed in any of the tissue except a slight increase in the liver. The kidney and liver did not show any significant change in gene expression of the RAS components. These results suggest that gene expression of the RAS in central and peripheral tissues are, at least in part, under independent control and the local RAS in each organ plays specific physiologic role.

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Interaction between Renin-Angiotensin and Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide Systems in Two-Kidney, One Clip Hypertensive Rats

  • Ahn, Hyun-Tack;Nah, Kook-Joo;Lee, Jong-Un
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 1996
  • The present study was aimed to investigate the role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) in the control of renin release and to examine if NO is implicated in the development of two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) hypertension. Male Sprague-Dawley rats $(150{\sim}200\; g)$ were constricted at the left renal artery. They were then supplemented with $N^{G}-nitro-L-arginine\;methyl\;ester\;(L-NAME,\; 5mg/100\;mL)$ or with L-arginine hydrochloride (400 mg/100 mL) in the drinking water. The control group was supplied with normal tap water. The sham-clipped rats were operated as in 2K1C rats except for that no clip was made. The kidneys were taken to examine in vitro release of renin at days 7 and 14 following clipping the renal artery. Northern blot analysis was also done to assess the expression of renin gene in the kidney. In sham-clipped rats, L-NAME caused a sustained increase of the blood pressure, whereas L-arginine was without effect. Neither L-NAME nor L-arginine-supplementation significantly affected the development of hypertension in 2K1C rats. Plasma renin concentration (PRC) measured on day 28 did not significantly differ among the L-NAME, L-arginine and control groups either in 2K1C or in sham-clipped rats. Renin contents (RRC) in the clipped kidney were increased, while those in the contralateral kidney were decreased. The release of renin in vitro from cortical slices was also enhanced in the clipped kidney, whereas it was attenuated in the contralateral. Comparing the RRC and in vitro release, the latter was more rapidly decreased than the former in the contralateral kidney. The renin mRNA levels in the contralateral kidney were almost at their nadir at days 7 and 14 in 2K1C rats. It is suggested that NO does not affect the development of 2K1C hypertension in which the renin-angiotensin system has been activated. The data also confirm that RRC and renin gene expression are increased in the clipped kidney and suppressed in the contralateral kidney in 2K1C rats.

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Angiotensin II(AII) 길항제 개발을 위한 수용체 약리연구

  • 이승호;이부연;신효섭;공재양
    • 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국응용약물학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회 and 제3회 신약개발 연구발표회
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    • pp.273-273
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    • 1994
  • Renin-angiotensin system(RAS)의 기능억제에 의한 고혈압치료제 개발연구는 ACE억제제와 target organ에서의 AII의 수용체 특히 AT1 type의 길항제가 유망한 것으로 보여 현재 전세계적으로 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있으며 우리나라에서도 AII수용체의 길항제 개발연구가 가장 활발히 추진되고 있다. AII수용체의 길항제 개발연구를 위해서는 신속, 정확한in vitro, in vivo검색방법의 확립이 가장 중요하며, 특히 많은 대상물질을 신속하고 효과적으로 검색하는 in vitro screening, 즉 AII 수용체 결합율 시험방법의 확립이 일차적인 과제이다.

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2-Kidney, 1-Clip Goldblatt 흰쥐에 있어서 고혈압 발생에 미치는 Atrial Natriuretic Peptide 의 영향 (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Attenuates the Development of Hypertension in 2-Kidney, 1-Clip Goldblatt Rats)

  • 이종은
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.43-49
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    • 1989
  • Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)의 혈압조절에 대한 효과를 구명하기 위하여 2-kidney, 1-clip 흰쥐의 고혈압 발생에 미치는 ANP의 영향을 조사하였다. 실험군은 왼쪽 신동맥에 clip을 끼우고 경정맥내에 지속적으로 ANP를 주입한(atriopeptin III, 500 ng/h) 군으로 하였으며, 대조군은 clip을 끼웠으나 ANP를 주입하지 않은 군으로 하였다. Clip을 끼우기 전과 clip을 끼운 제 4,7,10일에 꼬리동맥으로부터 혈압을 측정한 후 단두하여 혈액을 채취하고 양측 신장을 떼어내어 renin 치를 구하였다. ANP 주입군은 대조군에 비하여 고혈압의 발생이 약화되었고 혈장 renin활성도가 유의하게 낮았으나 신피질 renin함량은 양군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 한편 clip을 끼우지 않은 흰쥐에서는 ANP 주입군과 비주입군간에 혈압, 혈장 renin 활성도와 신피질 renin 함량 등이 모두 서로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이상의 실험결과는 지속적 ANP 주입이 2-K, 1-C 흰쥐의 고혈압 발생을 방지하지는 못하였으나 약화시켰음을 보여주었으며, ANP는 적어도 부분적으로는 renin-angiotensin계를 길항하므로써 장기적 혈압 조절에 관여하는 것이 시사되었다.

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Antihypertensive effect of Ganjang (traditional Korean soy sauce) on Sprague-Dawley Rats

  • Mun, Eun-Gyung;Sohn, Hee-Sook;Kim, Mi-Sun;Cha, Youn-Soo
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제11권5호
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    • pp.388-395
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    • 2017
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Although Korean fermented foods contain large amounts of salt, which is known to exacerbate health problems, these foods still have beneficial effects such as anti-hypertension, anti-cancer, and anti-colitis properties. We hypothesized that ganjang may have different effects on blood pressure compared to same concentrations of salt. MATERIALS/METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (CT), NaCl (NC), and ganjang (GJ) groups and orally administered with 8% NaCl concentration for 9 weeks. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum chemistry, $Na^+$ and $K^+$ concentrations and renal gene expressions were measured. RESULTS: The SBP was significantly increased in the NC group compared to the GJ and CT groups. In addition, the $Na^+$ concentration in urine was higher in the GJ and NC groups than the CT group, but the urine volume was increased in the GJ group compared to the other groups. The serum renin levels were decreased in the GJ group compared to the CT group, while the serum aldosterone level was decreased in the GJ group relative to the NC group. The mRNA expression of the renin, angiotensin II type I receptor, and mineralocorticoid receptor were significantly lower in the GJ group compared to other groups. Furthermore, GJ group showed the lowest levels of genes for $Na^+$ transporter in kidney cortex such as $Na^+/K^+$ $ATPase{\alpha}1$ ($NKA{\alpha}1$), $Na^+/H^+$ exchanger 3 (NHE3), $Na^+/HCO_3{^-}$ co-exchanger (NBC), and carbonic anhydrases II (CAII). CONCLUSIONS: The decreased SBP in the GJ could be due to decreased renin and aldosterone levels in serum and increased urinary volume and excretion of $Na^+$ with its transporter gene alteration. Therefore, ganjang may have antihypertensive effect despite its high contents of salt.

일일 3교대 간호활동시 호르몬분비 및 신장기능의 변화에 관한 연구 -간호학생을 대상으로- (A Study on the Changes of Urinary Hormonal Excretion and Renal Function During Three-shift Nursing Practice)

  • 김명애
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.78-96
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    • 1986
  • The sympathico-adrenergic system and the hypophyseal-adrenocortical system mediates the regulation of the internal milieu. And the kidneys regulate both water and electrolyte balance of the body fluid. The kidneys are the sites of production of renin which participate indirectly in maintaining renin. angiotensin-aldosterone system. These system de-serve special attention in the context of adjustment the effects on the body function. And so, maximal exercise and work load are associated with home-osthetic function. The nurses working in the hospital have been complained of fatigue and stress by frequent duty changes and overload. In order to define this, the possible changes of hormonal excretion during three-shift nursing practice were investigated. Urine samples were collected at pre-duty and post-duty, and were measured with chemical assay and radioimmunoassay in 30 nursing students, in nursing practice and 43 nursing students, in studying. The results obtained were as follows. 1. In nursing practice, urinary norepinephrine concentration showed a marked increase during day duty, urinary cortisol concentration showed a marked increase during evening duty, and urinary renin concentration was increased in night duty, 2. Corrected ratio of urinary sodium excreted by the urinary excretion of creatinin (UNa/UCr) and UCl/UCr showed a marked decrease during night duty. Nursing practice did not affect on the UK/UCr and urinary concentrating ability. From these results, it is suggested that further studies the define the effects on some physiological function of the three-shift nursing practice against circadian rhythm are needed for better working condition of nurses.

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강도별 유산소운동이 중년여성의 레닌-알도스테론, 신경전달물질 및 인지기능, 작업기억의 변화에 관한 연구 (The Study of Change in Renin-Aldosterone, Neurotransmitters, Cognitive Function and Working Memory in Middle Aged Women by Intensities Aerobic Exercise)

  • 조원제
    • 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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    • 제55권2호
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    • pp.603-615
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 건강한 중년여성 28명을 대상으로 강도별 유산소운동을 12주간 주 3회로 실시하여 혈압, 레닌-알도스테론계, 신경전달물질 및 인지기능, 작업기억의 변화와 처치 후 인지기능에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고자 실시하였다. 모집된 대상자를 통제집단 9명, 중강도 유산소운동집단 10명(50%V02max), 고강도 유산소운동집단 9명(70%V02max)으로 구분하여 처치 전과 후 반복측정 분산분석과 다중회귀분석을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결과가 나타났다. 중강도 유산소운동은 레닌, BDNF, 인지기능과 작업기억을 증가시키고, 알도스테론, 안지오텐신II, 알도스테론-레닌 비율을 감소시켰다. 고강도 유산소운동은 BDNF, 인지기능, 작업기억을 증가시키고 수축기혈압을 감소시켰다. 또한 강도별 유산소운동 후 인지기능에 미치는 요인을 회귀분석한 결과 중강도 유산소운동은 이완기혈압, 레닌-알도스테론 비율의 감소와 작업기억, BDNF의 증가가 인지기능에 영향을 미쳤고, 고강도 유산소운동은 작업기억 BDNF, 세로토닌의 증가가 인지기능에 영향을 미쳤다. 따라서 중강도 이상의 유산소운동은 중년여성의 인지기능 및 작업기억을 향상시키는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 인지기능 향상에 영향을 미치는 대사적 요인으로 중강도 유산소운동은 레닌-알도스테론 조절과 작업기억이었고 고강도 유산소운동은 신경전달물질과 작업기억으로 나타났다.

고혈압백서의 신장 Renin Heterogeneity에 관하여 (Heterogeneity of Renin Released from Renal Cortical Slices)

  • 전창렬;최병수;김선희;조경우
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.295-305
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    • 1988
  • It has been well known that the renal cortical blood flow rate was much higher than that of the medulla and the renal blood flow distribution was affected by hemorrhage, volume expansion or salt-loading. The existance of the heterogeneities of glomerular filtration rate and nephron has also been reported. In order to understand the regulations and physiological roles of the heterogeneities, studies on the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system have been focused. Although it is well known that the granularity of iuxtaglomerular cells and renal renin content are more marked in superficial than in the deep glomeruli, their physiological significance is not quite clear. This study was therefore undertaken to clarify changes in renin response and isoelectric ronin profile to TMB-8 in outer, mid and inner cotices of normotensive and hypertensive rats. The basal rate of renin release was highest in outer cortex of Sprague-Dawley rat (SDR), Wistar rat (WR) and spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). The basal renin release from outer and inner cortex of SHR was significantly lower than that from those of SDR. The reponse of renin release to TM8-8 was highest in mid cortex and the increase of renin release in response to TMB-8 from inner cortex of SDR was significantly higher than that in SHR. In dehydrated rats, the basal renin release from renal cortical slices of SDR was increased but that from WR and SHR was not. The response of renin release to TMB-8 from mid and inner cortex of dehydrated WR tended to increase. In dehyrated SHR, increase of renin release from inner cortex was significantly higher than that in euhydrated SHR. No significant differences in the isoelectric renin profile were found both in different cortical areas and strains. In dehydrated rats, the percentage of renin form 2 was decreased and those of renin form 5 and 6 were increased. These results suggest that the heterogeneity of renin release from cortical area of euhydrated and dehydrated rats in response to TMB-8 may be related to the changes of renal blood flow and/or calcium metabolism in cortical area. These data also suggest that the renin forms with different isoelectric points may have an physiological significance.

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Association between Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism and Hypertension in Selected Individuals of the Bangladeshi Population

  • Morshed, Mahboob;Khan, Haseena;Akhteruzzaman, Sharif
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.251-254
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    • 2002
  • The genetic factors that contribute to the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) are poorly understood. It is likely that multiple genes that act independently or synergistically contribute to the development of CAD and the outcome. Recently, an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the human angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene, a major component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), was identified. The association of the ACE gene D allele with essential hypertension and CAD has been reported in the African-American, Chinese, and Japanese populations. However, other studies have failed to detect such an association. It has been suggested that these inconsistencies may be due to the difference in backgrounds of the population characteristics. In the present study, we investigated the I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene in 103 subjects of both sexes, consisting of 59 normal controls and 44 patients with hypertension. The allele and genotype frequency were significantly different between the hypertensive and control groups (p < 0.01). Among the three ACE I/D variants, the DD genotype was associated with the highest value of the mean systolic blood pressure [SBP] and mean diastolic blood pressure [DBP] (p = < 0.05) in men, but not in women. In the overall population, the mean SBP and DBP was highest in DD subjects, intermediate in I/D subjects, and the least in II subjects.