• 융합보안논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

유한고장수를 가진 비동질적인 포아송 과정에 기초한 모형들에서 잔존 결함 1개당 고장 발생률 (강도함수)은 일반적으로 상수, 혹은 단조증가 및 단조 감소 추세를 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 소프트웨어 신뢰성 모형인 Goel-Okumoto 모형 강도함수를 재조명하고 이 분야에 적용 될수 있는 보다 넓은 왜도와 첨도를 가지는 Burr모형 강도 함수 및 의료정보분야 및 여러 분야에서 널리 사용되는 2모수 카파(Kappa(2)) 분포 모형 강도함수를 제안하여 비교하고자 한다. 수치적인 예에서는 고장 간격시간으로 구성된 NTDS(Naval Tactical Data System)자료를 이용하였고 모수추정 방법은 최우추정법과 일반적인 수치해석 방법인 이분법을 사용하여 모수 추정을 실시하였다. 그리고 모형 설정과 선택 판단기준은 편차 자승합을 이용한 적합도 검정이 사용되었다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제28권3E호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2009

Identity recognition in real environment with a reliable mode is a key issue in human computer interaction (HCI). In this paper, we present a robust person identification system considering score-based optimal reliability measure of audio-visual modalities. We propose an extension of the modified reliability function by introducing optimizing parameters for both of audio and visual modalities. For degradation of visual signals, we have applied JPEG compression to test images. In addition, for creating mismatch in between enrollment and test session, acoustic Babble noises and artificial illumination have been added to test audio and visual signals, respectively. Local PCA has been used on both modalities to reduce the dimension of feature vector. We have applied a swarm intelligence algorithm, i.e., particle swarm optimization for optimizing the modified convection function's optimizing parameters. The overall person identification experiments are performed using VidTimit DB. Experimental results show that our proposed optimal reliability measures have effectively enhanced the identification accuracy of 7.73% and 8.18% at different illumination direction to visual signal and consequent Babble noises to audio signal, respectively, in comparison with the best classifier system in the fusion system and maintained the modality reliability statistics in terms of its performance; it thus verified the consistency of the proposed extension.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2011

소프트웨어 시스템의 대규모 응용 프로그램으로 인해, 소프트웨어 신뢰성은 소프트웨어 개발에서 중요한 역할올 담당하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 소프트웨어 신뢰성장 모형 중에서 고장 시간 절단 모형인 로그 로지스틱 분포에 근거한 모형이 제안되었다 고정시간에 따른 강도함수, 평균값함수, 신뢰도를 추정하였고 모수 추정은 최우 추정 법을 사용하였다. 실중분석에서는 이 분야에서 기본 모형인 포아송 실행 시간 모형과 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 로그-로지스틱 모형이 기존의 로그 포아송 실행 시간 모형보다 신뢰성 측면에서 더 효율적이기 때문에 이 분야에서 기존 모형의 대안으로 로그-로지스틱모형을 사용할 수 있음을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.84-86
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• 2005

The digital systems such as PLC or DCS have been applied to non-safety systems of nuclear power plants because of many difficulties in using analog systems. Nowadays, digital systems have been applied to safety systems of the plants such as reactor protection system. One of the main advantages of digital systems is applicability of automatic testing methods to the systems. The protection system requires high-reliability and high-availability because it shall minimize the propagation of abnormal or accident conditions of nuclear power plants. The calculation of reliability and availability of systems depends on the maintenance period of the system. In general, the maintenance period of the protection system is one-month in case of the manual test. However, the cycle of test can be shortened in several hours by using automatic periodic testing. The reliability and availability of the system is better when test period is shortened because the reliability and availability is inverse proportion to the test period. In this research, we developed the automatic periodic testing method for KNICS Reactor Protection System, which can test the system automatically without an operator or a tester. The automatic testing contained all functions of reaction protection systems from analog-to-digital conversion function of the bistable Processor to the coincident trip function of the coincident processor. By applying the automatic periodic testing to reaction system, the maintenance cost can be cut down and the reliability can be increased.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2010

The purposes of this study were to compare the reliability and validity of an 88-item version of the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) and a 66-item version of GMFM (GMFM-66) in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The GMFM was completed in 154 children with CP (age range = 6~12). The internal consistency of the GMFM was calculated by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for judging reliability. The reliability of GMFM-88 and GMFM-66 were both above .99. The validity of measurement obtained by the GMFM was assessed by examining the unidimensionality of items and by comparing Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels with tests of the GMFM. Both the GMFM-88 and GMFM-66 were satisfied with unidimensionality. Discriminant validity was demonstrated on significant decreases in scores with increasing GMFCS levels in both measurements. However, GMFM-66 was a more sensitive discriminant in GMFCS level 1 and level 2 and in level 2 and level 4. This study reported a comparison of the reliability and validity of GMFM-88 and GMFM-66. The results of this study have implications for the information on the psychometric properties of two versions of GMFCS. This information will be useful for the selection of tools in clinics.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.599-614
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• 2022

In this study, the reliability analysis of internal and external stabilities of Reinforced Soil Walls (RSWs) under static and seismic loads are investigated so that it can help the geotechnical engineers to perform the design more realistically. The effect of various variables such as angle of internal soil friction, soil specific gravity, tensile strength of the reinforcements, base friction, surcharge load and finally horizontal earthquake acceleration are examined assuming the variables uncertainties. Also, the correlation coefficient impact between variables, sensitivity analysis, mean change, coefficient of variation and type of probability distribution function were evaluated. In this research, external stability (sliding, overturning and bearing capacity) and internal stability (tensile rupture and pull out) in both static and seismic conditions were investigated. Results of this study indicated sliding as the predominant failure mode in the external stability and reinforcing rupture in the internal stability. First-Order Reliability Method (FORM) are applied to estimate the reliability index (or failure probability) and results are validated using the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) method. The results showed among all variables, the internal friction angle and horizontal earthquake acceleration have dominant impact on the both reinforced soil wall internal and external stabilities limit states. Also, the type of probability distribution function affects the reliability index significantly and coefficient of variation of internal friction angle has the greatest influence in the static and seismic limits states compared to the other variables.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2011

설계단계에서 시스템의 불확실성을 반영하려는 노력이 다양하게 이루어지고 있으며, 강건 최적설계 혹은 신뢰도 기반 최적설계는 이에 대한 대표적인 설계 방법론이다. 실제 문제에 이러한 방법론을 적용하기 위해서는 성능함수의 통계적 모멘트와 손상확률에 대한 정확하고 효율적인 추정 방법이 필요하고, 더불어 최적화를 위한 방향탐색과정에서 요구되는 민감도 해석의 정확성 및 효율성이 확보되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 함수근사모멘트 방법을 기존에 유도된 적분 형태의 민감도 해석 식에 적용하여 그 민감도 해석 결과의 정확성을 확인하고, 이를 대표적인 신뢰도 기반 최적설계 문제에 적용하고자 한다. 민감도 해석 결과 및 신뢰도 기반 최적설계 결과를 타방법의 결과와 비교하여 함수근사모멘트 방법의 타당성을 입증하고자 한다. 활용된 적분 형태의 민감도 해석은 손상확률 혹은 통계적 모멘트가 계산된 경우 추가적인 함수 계산 없이 민감도를 얻을 수 있는 효율적인 방법이다.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.289-295
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• 2017

Purpose: This paper will focus on the reliability technological innovation following the emergence of industry 4.0 featured by convergence, connection and complexity. In the course of the process, the concept and application of 3R (Robustness, Redundancy, Resilience) are considered along with reliability in industry 4.0. Methods: Reliability paradigm-changes are presented to meet the purpose of keeping the desired function in Industry 4.0. And the introduction of resilience, a concept compromising reliability is to be suggested. Results: The necessity of the 3R (Robustness, Redundancy, Resilience) introduction is emphasized according to reliability paradigm-changes. Conclusion: Reliability, robustness, redundancy and resilience are not mutually exclusive. Ultimately, acquiring the resilience requires robustness, redundancy and fittable maintenance procedures.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.595-611
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• 2013

This paper aims to compare three collocation point methods associated with the odd order stochastic response surface method (SRSM) in a systematical and quantitative way. The SRSM with the Hermite polynomial chaos is briefly introduced first. Then, three collocation point methods, namely the point method, the root method and the without origin method underlying the odd order SRSMs are highlighted. Three examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the three methods. The results indicate that the condition that the Hermite polynomial information matrix evaluated at the collocation points has a full rank should be satisfied to yield reliability results with a sufficient accuracy. The point method and the without origin method are much more efficient than the root method, especially for the reliability problems involving a large number of random variables or requiring complex finite element analysis. The without origin method can also produce sufficiently accurate reliability results in comparison with the point and root methods. Therefore, the origin often used as a collocation point is not absolutely necessary. The odd order SRSMs with the point method and the without origin method are recommended for the reliability analysis due to their computational accuracy and efficiency. The order of SRSM has a significant influence on the results associated with the three collocation point methods. For normal random variables, the SRSM with an order equaling or exceeding the order of a performance function can produce reliability results with a sufficient accuracy. The order of SRSM should significantly exceed the order of the performance function involving strongly non-normal random variables.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

소프트웨어의 테스트노력 곡선으로서 현재까지는 로지스틱 곡선이 가장 이상적인 것으로 연구되고 있다. 테스트 단계중에 소요되는 테스트노력의 양에 대한 결함 검출비를 현재의 결함 내용에 비례하는 것으로 가정하여 소프트웨어 신뢰도 성장 모델을 비동차 포아송 프로세스(NHPP)로 공식화하되, 이 모델을 이용하여 소프트웨어 신뢰도 척도에 대한 데이터 분석기법을 개발한다. 모든 소프트웨어 개발 환경에서 지금까지 제시된 여러 곡선 중 하나에 의해서 테스트노력 소요 곡선을 표현하는 것은 적절하지 못하다는 것이 밝혀지고 있다. 그러므로, 본 논문에서는 로지스틱 테스트노력 곡선이 소프트웨어의 개발/테스트 노력곡선으로 적절하게 표현될 수 있다는 것과 실제 데이터를 근거로 하여 적용하여서 예측성이 매우 좋은 능력을 가지고 있다는 것을 보이고자 한다.