• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2000

Genetic polymorphisms of metabolizing enzymes to chemical carcinogens have been recognized as a major important host factors in human cancers. To datermine the frequencies of genotypes of CYP1A1 and GSTM1 metabolizing enzymes in healthy controls and head and neck cancer patients in Korean and to identify the relative high risk genotypes of these metabolizing enzymes to head and neck cancer, we have analyzed 133 head and neck cancer patients and corresponding healthy controls matched in age and sex using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RELP). In analysis of CYP1A1, the Val/Val genotype of exon 7 polymorphism and m2/m2 genotype of Msp 1 polymorphism were associated with higher relative risks to head and neck cancers (Odds ratio : 2.34, 95% CI : 0.79-6.96 and 1.27, 95% CI : 0.59-2.73, respectively). In combined genotyping of CYP1A1 and GSTMI enzymes polymorphisms, the patients with Val/Val ad GSTM1(-), and m1/m21 and GSTM1(-) combined genotypes had higher relative risks than the patients with each base genotype of combined genotypes (Odds ratio : 4.57, 95% CI : 0.5-41.25 and 1.65, 95% CI L 0.73-3.77, respectively). These results sugget the combined genotyping of metabolizing enzymes could be useful for predicting individual genetic susceptibility and screening the high risk subpopulation to head and neck cancer in Korea.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.319-325
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 지하공동 내에 고압 압축공기를 저장하는 경우 발생할 수 있는 리스크를 평가하는 것이다. 문헌 조사와 CAES의 특성에 대한 연구를 통해 CAES 지하 저장 공동 개발과 관련된 리스크 요인을 선정하였다. 대분류 리스크 요인으로 기획 설계단계, 시공단계, 운영 유지관리단계의 3개를 고려하였으며, 중분류 리스크 요인으로 8개를, 소분류 리스크 요인으로 총 24개의 리스크 인자들을 선정하였다. 전문가 설문을 통해 얻어진 자료를 분석하기 위하여 AHP 기법을 적용하였으며 리스크 상호 간 상대적 중요도를 평가하였다. 해석 결과 대분류에서는 운영 유지관리단계 리스크, 중분류에서는 품질 안전 관련 리스크, 소분류에서는 압축공기 저장용 내조시스템의 기밀성 확보 실패가 가장 큰 리스크로 평가되었다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지역사회영양학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.121-121
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• 2004

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2009

This paper provides in-depth analysis of internal and external factors that are important to food retailers' international market expansion, presenting Carrefour as a case. Nine sources of risks inherent in international retail market operation are explored and examined which are critical for Carrefour's international expansion. Key financial ratios of Du Pont System are used to assess Carrefour's performance in local market and relative to competitors. Carrefour's competitive advantages are also explored and compared with Wal-Mart, its major competitor in the international expansion.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제32권A호
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• pp.125-128
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• 2012

In this paper, we proposed a prioritization method of test cases using a value estimation model of test sets, that are key elements for highly effective software testings as well as involve a large cost factor in software developments and maintenances. Based on previous studies, our idea includes introducing some practical factors of the test case prioritization which critically influence the value of a test case: Relative values of test sets before and after the test running, Average value of these two relative values, Severity of the defect, Risks that are covered, Frequency of use, Change related values, Systematic elicitations, etc. Finally we discussed the usefulness and the expected effects of the proposed scheme.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.25-33
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• 1982

We discuss a model for acceptance/rejection decision regarding finite populations. The model is based on a beta-binomial prior distribution and additive costs -- relative sampling costs, relative sorting costs and costs of accepted defectives. A substantial part of the paper is devoted to constructing a Bayes sequential sampling acceptance plan (BSSAP) for attributes under the model. It is shown that the Bayes fixed size sampling acceptance plans (BFSAP) are better than the Hald's (1960) single sampling acceptance plans based on a uniform prior. Some tables and examples are provided for comprisons of the minimum Bayes risks of the BSSAP and those of the BFSAP based on a uniform prior and the model.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.1090-1094
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• 2017

The determinants of the public's nuclear power acceptance have received considerable attention as decisive factors regarding nuclear power policy. However, the contingency of the relative importance of different determinants has been less explored. Building on the literature of psychological distance between the individual and the object, the present study demonstrates that the relative effects of different types of perceived risks regarding nuclear power generation differ across acceptance targets. Using a sample of Korea, our results show that, regarding national acceptance of nuclear power generation, perceived risk from nuclear power plants exerts a stronger negative effect than that from radioactive waste management; however, the latter exerts a stronger negative effect than the former on local acceptance of a nuclear power plant. This finding provides implications for efficient public communication strategy to raise nuclear power acceptance.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.240-248
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• 2006

The purposes of this study were to investigate the symptoms, diseases and deaths of residents living near the municipal solid waste landfill site, and to compare the relative risk ratio of their adverse health effects with control group. In self-evaluation, the scores were especially severe lowest in residents of v2 and v3 villages(which were located about 500 m toward under the landfill site) such as 32.2 and 16.7 for village-environment, 24.8 and 16.0 for management of landfill site, and 23.5 and 16.5 for confidence of environmental policy, respectively. On symptoms, relative risk ratios were also highest as 3.53 and 3.55 for breathing difficulty, and 3.36 and 3.00 for respiratory symptom in v2 and v3 villages, respectively. On morbidity, they were slightly high as much as 1.39 and 1.24 in v5 and v2 villages, respectively. On mortality, relative risk ratios were $1.15{\sim}2.46$ in experimental villages. They were especially high as much as 2.46 in v3 village where located near under the landfill site, and also 2.14 in v5 village where located at area affected with the landfill site, but near the sea. The rate of cancer causing death was average 35.2% of total deaths. It was very highest as much as 61.1 % in v2 village, where was closely located near under the landfill site. Cancers causing death in this village were lung cancer(3 cases), larynx cancer(2 cases), stomach cancer(2 cases), pancreatic cancer(1 case), thryoid cancer(1 case), leukemia(1 case) and other(1 case). Our data, although based on limited number of cases and geographical coverage, suggest that residents living near landfill site have the increasing relative risks of various symptoms and mortality causing cancer. No causal mechanisms are available to explain these findings. But the possibility of a causal association between the increased adverse health effects and the municipal solid waste landfill site cannot be fully excluded.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.2453-2459
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• 2013

Bevacizumab has been approved for use in combination with chemotherapy to treat many types of cancer but associated neutropenic events, including febrile neutropenia, have been reported. To estimate the incidence and relative risk of neutropenic events in cancer patients treated with bevacizumab combination therapy, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science literature databases, as well as abstracts presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology conferences, to identify relevant studies published from January 1966 to December 2011. Studies that compared bevacizumab plus chemotherapy or biological therapy with chemotherapy or biological therapy alone, and that had adequate safety data profiles, were selected for analysis. Statistical analyses were conducted to calculate the summary incidence rates, relative risks (RRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using fixed- or random-effects models. A total of 22 clinical trials involving 15,056 patients were included in the analysis. The summary incidences of high-grade neutropenia (HGN) and high-grade febrile neutropenia (HGFN) in patients receiving bevacizumab was 27.3% (95% CI: 26.4%-28.3%) and 3.91% (95% CI: 3.51%-4.37%), respectively. The risks of HGN (RR=1.10; 95% CI: 1.02-1.19; P=0.02) and HGFN (RR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.08-1.59; P=0.005) were significantly increased in bevacizumab-treated patients, compared to those who did not receive bevacizumab. The RR of bevacizumab-associated HGN, but not HGFN, varied significantly with tumor types (P=0.005). The increased risk of bevacizumab-associated neutropenic events was dose-dependent, as the RR was greater at a dose of 5 mg/kg/week than at 2.5 mg/kg/week. Our findings suggest that bevacizumab addition to cancer therapy significantly increases the risk of serious neutropenic events, and this risk may be dose-dependent.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2006

원전 종사자를 대상으로 경시적인 코호트 연구를 통하여 저준위 방사선 노출과 암 발생 위해도를 규명하고자 하였다. 방사선 노출에 관한 정보는 한국수력원자력(주)의 방사선 관리 DB에서 수집하였고, 암 발생에 관한 정보는 한국인 중앙 암 등록 자료를, 암 사망에 관한 정보는 통계청 사망원인 자료를 이용하여 수집하였다. 방사선 노출과 암 발생 위해도는 표준화 암 사망비(SMR)와 표준화 암 발생 비(SIR)로 평가하였다. 노출 군에서 암 발생에 대한 상대위험도는 1.08로 평가되었으나 전체 암에 대한 SIR은 0.81로 유의성이 관찰되지 않았다. 암 사망에 대한 상대위험도는 1.21 이었으나 전체 암에 대한 SMR도 0.86으로 역시 유의성은 관찰되지 않았다. 암 유형별 양상은 우리나라 일반인과 유사한 결과를 보였으며, 방사선량 증가에 따른 양-반응 관계 또한 확인되지 않았다.