• E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.261-266
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• 1995

In this study, PZT solutions added impurities of Yttrium acetate were prepared by sol-gel processing and were deposited on Pt/ $SiO_{2}$/Si substrates at 5000 rpm for 20 sec. using spin-coating method. Coated films were annealed at 700-750.deg. C for 30 min. using conventional furnace method. Variations of the crystallographic structure and microstructure of PZT thin films with adding impurities were observed using XRD and SEM, and the electrical properties, such as relative permittivity, tan .delta., hysteresis curves and leakage currents, were measured. As the yttrium contents were increased, the remanent polarization and coercive field were decreased. Variations of remanent polarizations and coercive fields of pure and yttrium doped specimens according to polarization reversal cycles were observed using hysteresis measurement. PZT thin films added $Y^{3+}$ ions were completely crystallized at 750.deg. C. $Y^{3+}$ ions, as donor impurity, substituted Pb.sup 2+/ ions located at A-site of perovskite structure. By substitution of $Y^{3+}$ ions, leakage currents became less by decreasing the space charges. Degradation of remanent polarizations of Yttrium added specimens after fatigue was not observed and coercive fields increased more than those of pure PZT thin films.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.235-245
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 UWB 통신 시스템에서 사용할 수 있는 CPW 구조를 이용한 새로운 UWB 안테나를 설계 제작하고 측정하였다. 제안된 안테나는 CST사의 Microwave Studio를 사용하여 설계하였다. 기판은 두께가 0.762 mm이며 유전율이 4.5인 TMM4 기판을 사용하였다.안테나는 VSWR$\leq$2를 기준으로 3.1 GHz에서 11.5 GHz까지 UWB 통신 대역을 만족하며, 사각 슬롯을 이용하여 IEEE 802.1la주파수 대역(5.15GHz$\~$5.825GHz)은 차단하였다. 측정결과, 안테나의 그룹딜레이 변화량은 1 ns 미만으로 UWB 통신 시스템에 적합한 안테나이다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1992년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.38-41
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• 1992

Pb(Zr,Ti)$O_3$ powders were synthesized by the partial oxalate method and the modified partial oxalate method, where the difference between the two is the use of pre-reacted (Zr,Ti)$O_2$ in the former method. When compared with conventional mixed oxide method, calcination temperature can be reduced to less than $700^{\circ}C$ by both partial oxalate methods, and the resulting particle size was finer and more uniform. Using partial oxalate-derived PZT powders, sintering temperatures can also be reduced as low as $950^{\circ}C$ without sacrificing desired dielectric and piezoelectric properties, such as relative permittivity, electromechanical coupling factor, and piezoelectric coefficient. Two partial oxalate methods yield ceramics with almost the same physical and electrical properties, so that the step of producing ZTO powder does not seem to be necessary.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.477-481
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• 2011

Composites of insulating polyethylene and carbon black are widely used in switching elements, conductive paint, and other applications due to the large gap of resistance value. This research addresses the critical exponent of dielectric breakdown strength of polymer matrix composites (PMC) made with carbon black and polyethylene below the percolation threshold (Pt) for the first time. Here, Pt means the volume fraction of carbon black of which the resistance of the PMC is transferred from its sharp decrease to gradual decrease in accordance with the increase of carbon-black-filled content. First, the Pt is determined based on the critical exponents of resistivity and relative permittivity. Although huge cohesive bodies of carbon black are formed in case of being less than the Pt, a percolation path connecting the conducting phases is not formed. The dielectric breakdown strength (Dbs) of the PMC below Pt is measured by using an impulse voltage in the range from 10 kV to 40 kV to avoid the effect of joule heating. Although the observed Dbs data seems to be well fitted to a straight line with a slope of 0.9 on a double logarithm of (Pt-$V_{CB}$) and Dbs, the least squares method gives a slope of 0.97 for the PMC. It has been found that finite carbon-black clusters play an important role in dielectric breakdown.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.271-277
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• 2010

In this paper two aspects of the percolation and conductivity of carbon black-filled polyethylene matrix composites will be discussed. Firstly, the percolation behavior, the critical exponent of conductivity of these composites, are discussed based on studying the whole change of resistivity, the relationship between frequency and relative permittivity or ac conductivity. There are two transitions of resistivity for carbon black filling. Below the first transition, resistivity shows an ohmic behavior and its value is almost the same as that of the matrix. Between the first and second transition, the change in resistivity is very sharp, and a non-ohmic electric field dependence of current has been observed. Secondly, the electrical conduction property of the carbon black-filled polyethylene matrix composites below the percolation threshold is discussed with the hopping conduction model. This study investigates the electrical conduction property of the composites below the percolation threshold based on the frequency dependence of conductivity in the range of 20 Hz to 1 MHz. There are two components for the observed ac loss current. One is independent of frequency that becomes prevalent in low frequencies just below the percolation threshold and under a high electrical field. The other is proportional to the frequency of the applied ac voltage in high frequencies and its origin is not clear. These results support the conclusion that the electrical conduction mechanism below the percolation threshold is tunneling.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2001년도 제34회 추계학술대회 개최
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• pp.230-236
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• 2001

We developed a built-in sensor bearing to measure the rotor motion of a rolling piston type compressor for the air conditioner. Because of needs for the high efficiency and long life span of compressor, and the usage of alternative refrigerants, the operating condition of the compressor becomes more severe. The accurate measurement of the rotor motion of the compressor can contribute greatly to the design and analysis of the hydrodynamic bearing. However, it is difficult to measure accurately the shaft behavior of small compressor because of the small space for the sensor mount, high temperature and pressure of compressor, oil mixed with refrigerant, and electromagnetic noise of the motor. To overcome these difficulties, we develop the cylindrical capacitive sensor that is built in the hydrodynamic bearing and calibrate the built-in sensor bearing indirectly through measuring the oil relative permittivity. We measured the rotor motion as well as suction and discharge pressures in various conditions. The several experimental results show that the developed built-in sensor bearing can measure the rotor motion not only in steady state but also in transient state.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1330-1332
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• 1997

In this paper, PNN-PZN-PZT ceramics were fabricated with various mole ratio of the PZT[$Pb(Zr_{1/2}Tid_{1/2})O_3$]. PNN [$Pb(Ni_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3$] and PZN[$Pb(Ni_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3$ powders prepared by double calcination and PZT powders prepared by molten-salt synthesis method. The formation rate of perovskite phase in PNN-PZN-PZT ceramics could be obtained about 92% at PZT 0.3 mole ratio. The relative permittivity of specimen with PZT 0.3 mole ratio was shown 5,320 and appeared the relaxor ferroelectric feature. The maximum piezoelectric coefficient $d_{31}$ to be used for evaluation the displacement of piezoceramics in PNN-PZN-PZT ceramics was $324{\times}10^{-12}$(C/V) at the vicinity of morphotropic phase boundary and was larger than that of solid PZT ceramics($120{\times}10^{-12}C/V$).

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2015

Silicon nitride films were deposited at $100^{\circ}C$ by using the catalytic chemical vapor deposition technique. The source gas mixing ratio, $R_N=[NH_3]/[SiH_4]$, was varied from 10 to 30, and the hydrogen dilution ratio, $R_H=[H_2]/[SiH_4]$, was varied from 20 to 100. The breakdown field strength reached a maximum value at $R_N=20$ and $R_H=20$, whereas the resistivity decreased in the same sample. The relative permittivity had a positive correlation with the breakdown field strength. The capacitance-voltage threshold curve showed an asymmetric hysteresis loop, which became more squared as $R_H$ increased. The width of the hysteresis window showed a negative correlation with the slope of the transition region, implying that the combined effect of $R_N$ and $R_H$ overides the interface defects while creating charge storage sites in the bulk region.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2015년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.65-67
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 소형 WLAN 안테나에 적용 가능한 안테나 설계를 설계하고 적용 가능성을 검토하였다. 제안된 안테나는 $45mm{\times}45mm$ 크기의 RF4 기판(비유전율 4.4, 두께 1.6 mm, 손실탄젠트 0.025) 위에 $29mm{\times}29mm$ 크기의 마이크로스트립 패치 안테나를 인쇄하여 MoM법으로 계산하였다. 광대역 특성을 얻기 위하여 기판 상부에 위치한 패치 안테나의 대각 모서리를 3.2mm 커팅 처리하고 급전부는 50ohm 임피던스 정합을 위해 안테나 중심축에서 수평 방향으로 5.1mm 위치로 결정하였다. 계산 결과로서 WLAN 사용대역 2.4-2.48GHz을 고려할 때 정재파비가 2 이하인 주파수 대역은 2.365-2.45GHz(85MHz, 3.53%)로 나타났다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.77-78
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 소형 WLAN 안테나에 적용 가능한 안테나 설계를 설계하고 적용 가능성을 검토하였다. 제안된 안테나는 $20mm{\times}60mm$ 크기의 RF4 기판(비유전율 4.4, 두께 1.6 mm, 손실탄젠트 0.025) 위에 $20mm{\times}20mm$ 크기 이내로 마이크로스트립 패치 안테나를 인쇄하였다. 안테나 파라미터는 OpenFDTD 시뮬레이터를 사용하여 계산하였다. 계산 결과로서 WLAN 사용대역 2.4-2.48GHz을 고려할 때 정재파비가 2 이하인 주파수 대역은 1.82-3.05GHz(1.23GHz, 44.6%)로 나타났다.