• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.sup3
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• pp.305-309
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• 2016

PTEN protein is an important tumour suppressor factor detectable by immunohistochemistry. The goal of the present study was to investigate the prognostic role of PTEN gene expression focusing on length of survival in breast cancer patients. This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 100 breast cancer cases referred to Sabzevar hospitals in the north east of Iran between 2010 and 2011, followed up to 2015. The PTEN gene expression of tumour tissue samples was determined using specific monoclonal antibodies. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Patient length of survival was analyzed after 4 years of follow-up using the Cox regression model. The PTEN gene was expressed in 70 of 100 samples, while being found at a high level in all noncancerous samples. There was an inverse significant relationship between expression of PTEN and tumour stage and grade (p<0.001). In addition, expression of PTEN in invasive ductal tumours was less than in non-invasive tumours. There was also an inverse significant relationship between the likelihood of death and PTEN gene expression (p<0.01). These findings indicate that lack of PTEN gene expression can be sign for a worse prognosis and poor survival in breast cancer.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2016

Objectives : Medical service specialization could have positive effects on their profits and medical service quality. This study was to examine the relationship between medical service specializations and operational performance in hospitals. Methods : We used the National Inpatient Sample data provided by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service from 2010 to 2013. The hospital operational performance was determined by measuring the specialization level of the hospital based on DRGs. Results : The information theory index was 2.38 in 2010, 2.38 in 2011, 2.37 in 2012, and 2.37 in 2013. A multiple regression model was constructed which showed that if the specialization level becomes higher, it decreases the length of stay per case with an increase in medical expense. Conclusions : Differentiation and concentrated medical service specialization strategy have had a positive effect on the operational performance of hospitals.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.269-273
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• 2006

Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to interpretate the relationship between sesame grain yield and its components under early sowing cropping condition. The t test showed that stem length, number of capsules per plant, 1000 seeds weight and seed weight per plant gave significant contribution to sesame grain yield, therefore those variables were assumed to mostly influenced components to grain yield of sesame. In the stepwise regression analysis, the predicted equation for sesame grain yield per square meter (Y) was Y = -7.900 + 0.150X1 + 0.461X5 + 15.553X6 + 8.543X7. Meanwhile, F value showed that stem length, number of capsules per plant and seed weight per plant gave significant contribution to sesame grain yield, while 1000 seeds weight did not significantly show. Based on the results, it is reasonable to assume that high yield. potential of sesame under early sowing cropping condition would be obtained by selecting breeding lines with long stem length, number of capsules per plant, and seed weight per plant, which was different result at the late sowing cropping condition in which days to flowering and maturity were assumed to be more affected factors to the sesame grain yield.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this research was to verify the relationship between three-dimensional (3D) ground reaction force (GRF) and severity of leg length discrepancy (LLD) while walking at a normal speed. It used a 3D motion analysis system with force platforms in standing workers with LLD. Methods: Subjects comprising 45 standing workers with LLD were selected. Two force platforms were used to acquire 3D GRF data based on a motion analysis system during gait. Vicon Nexus and Visual3D v6 Professional software were used to analyze kinetic GRF data. The subjects were asked to walk on a walkway with 40 infrared reflective markers attached to their lower extremities to collect 3D GRF data. Results: The results indicated the maximal force in the posterior and lateral direction of the long limb occurring in the early stance phase during gait had significant positive correlation with LLD severity (r = 0.664~0.738, p <0.01). In addition, the maximal force medial direction of the long limb occurring in the late stance phase showed a highly positive correlation with the LLD measurement (r = 0.527, p <0.01). Conclusion: Our results indicate that greater measured LLD severity results in more plantar pressure occurring in the foot area during heel contact to loading response of the stance phase and the stance push-off period during gait.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to understand the relationship between gait symmetry and functional balance, walking performance in stroke patients and to makes recommendation regarding the most suitable measure for standardization of expression of spatiotemporal gait symmetry. Methods: 45 subjects with stroke (31 men, 14 women, $57.3{\pm}10.3$ years old) participated in this study. Gait symmetry was calculated by equations of symmetry ratio (SR) and symmetry criterion (SC) for stance time, swing time, single leg support time (SLST), step length, and stride length. Spatiotemporal parameters were measured respectively by walkway system ($GAITRite^{TM}$ system). Limit of stability (LOS) by using forceplate (Balance Performance Monitor) during voluntary weight displacement and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were measured as functional balance and Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) were assessed as functional walking. Results: SR in stance time and swing time was correlation with BBS, TUG and FAC (p<0.05). SR in SLST only with BBS (p<0.01), SR in step length only with FAC (p<0.05). SC in stance time was correlation with BBS and TUG (p<0.05). SC in swing time and SLST with BBS, TUG and FAC (p<0.01), SC in step length with TUG and FAC (p<0.01), SC in stride length with BBS and FAC (p<0.01). Conclusion: Gait symmetry in spatiotemporal gait parameters provides meaningful information about functional balance and walking performance in stroke subjects. Our analysis may support the recommendations of the symmetry criterion as equation for standardization of gait symmetry.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2001

The relationship between shell length and ring radius in each ring group was expressed as a regression line. Therefore, there is a correspondence in each ring formation. Based on the monthly variation of the marginal index (Ml') of the shell, it is assumed that the ring of this species was formed once a year during the period of August to October, and the main period of the annual ring formation was August through September. The relationship between shell length (SL) and total weight (TW) was expressed by the equation TW = 2.2476 $\times$ 10$^{-5}$ SL$^{3.536}$ ($r^2$= 0.90). Shell length (SL) and shell height (SH; mm) were highly correlated with the equation SH = 0.7545 SL - 0.0145 ($r^2$= 0.93). The shell length (SL)-shell width (SW) relation was expressed by the equation SW = 0.5336 SL- 2.4253 ($r^2$= 0.87). Growth curves for shell length and total weight fitted to the von Bertalanffy's equation were expressed as follows: SL$_{t}$ =60.02[1 - e$^{-0.6458(t-0.3895)}$ ], Twt = 43.63[1 - e$^{0.6458(t-0.3895)}$ ]$^{3.536}$ .

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2005

Samples of Corbicula japonica Prime of Jujin estuary in Gochang were collected from July 2000 to September 2001. Age of C. japonica was determined from the rings on the shell. The relationship between shell length and ring radius in each ring group was expressed as a regression line. Therefore, there is a correspondence in each ring formation. Based on the monthly variation of the marginal index (MI') of the shell, it is assumed that the ring of this species was formed once a year during the period of February and March. The relationship between shell length (SL; mm) and total weight (TW; g) was expressed by the following equation: TW = 1.0942 ${\times}10^{-4}SL^{3.3217}$ ($r^2$ = 0.9905). Shell length (SL) and shell height (SH; mm) was highly correlated with shell height as the following equation: SH = 0.9174 SL - 0.9935 ($r^2$ = 0.9885). The shell length (SL) - shell width (SW) relation was also expressed by the following equation; SW = 0.5925 SL - 1.1706 ($r^2$ = 0.9726). Growth curves for shell length and total weight fitted to the von Bertalanffy's growth curve were expressed as: $$SL_t = 46.4861[1-e^{-0.3383(t+0.0958)}]$$, $$TW_t = 34.54[1-e^{-0.3383(t+0.0958)}]^3.3217$$.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.251-255
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• 1976

Three hundred and sixty two specimens of Plecoglossus altivelis were randomly sampled from Chunji Stream in Seogwipo, Cheju-Do, during the period from 25 Aug., 1973 to 14 Feb., 1974 to investigate the relationship between total length and dody weight as well as the condition factor during the spawning period. Results obtained are summarized as follows : The relationships between total length and body weight are calculated as below, respectively : $W=0.008639\;L^{3.1806}$ : Prior to spawning period $W=0.01830\;L^{2.7689}$ : During spawning period The above equations differ each other significantly. Nevertheless, the significant difference is not found between sexes. The mean body length decreased during the spawning season. The fact seems to be caused by the death of large fish after spawning. The condition factor was $13.45\%_{\circ}$ on the average in August. The value decreased continuously from September, giving the minimum mean value of $10.25\%_{\circ}$ on Nobember 29. But the value increased again, showing $11.18\%_{\circ}$ in next February. Majority of the fish survived until next year was small ranging from 11 to 12cm in total length.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1841-1857
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• 2023

CenterNet, a novel object detection algorithm without anchor based on key points, regards the object as a single center point for prediction and directly regresses the object's height and width. However, because the objects have different sizes, directly regressing their height and width will make the model difficult to converge and lose the intrinsic relationship between object's width and height, thereby reducing the stability of the model and the consistency of prediction accuracy. For this problem, we proposed an algorithm based on the regression of the diagonal half-length and the center angle, which significantly compresses the solution space of the regression components and enhances the intrinsic relationship between the decoded components. First, encode the object's width and height into the diagonal half-length and the center angle, where the center angle is the angle between the diagonal and the vertical centreline. Secondly, the predicted diagonal half-length and center angle are decoded into two length components. Finally, the position of the object bounding box can be accurately obtained by combining the corresponding center point coordinates. Experiments show that, when using CenterNet as the improved baseline and resnet50 as the Backbone, the improved model achieved 81.6% and 79.7% mAP on the VOC 2007 and 2012 test sets, respectively. When using Hourglass-104 as the Backbone, the improved model achieved 43.3% mAP on the COCO 2017 test sets. Compared with CenterNet, the improved model has a faster convergence rate and significantly improved the stability and prediction accuracy.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 1974

The results from the experiment of natural collection and growth of arkshell(Anadara broughtoni, SCHRENCK) spat, which was collected at Seok-gok Bay located at Chang-weon-gun, Korea, and grown in the 1ittoral zone of Sa-gok-ri, Geo-je-gun, Korea, beginning from August 1,1973 to April 8,1974 are as follows; The larvae of arkshell came out from the very first day of the study August 1, which continued till the end of September, whose amount was not so much varied, but relatively continuous. The drifting larvae were also rather small amount, from which some 200 to 400 larvae were attached through the respective collecting equipment made from straw with the dimension of length 1.5m and breadth 12cm. It is regarded relatively large amount collected and recognised worth while enough to use as the industrial collecting method. The average shell length of spat attached was 0.54mm on 17th September, 4.11mm on 21st October, 10.47mm on 25th November in 1973 and 11.08mm on 8th April in 1974 whose progress was recognized relatively faster, comparing with the other up-to date report, The relationship between the shell length(L) and the longest radial rib(R) was as follows: Below 2.5mm of the shell length: R=0.7393 L -0.0080 Above 2.5mm of the shell length: R=0.8253 L-0.2595 And the relationship between the shell length (L) and the shell breadth (B) was as follows: Below 2.5mm of the shell length: B=0.3505 L +0.0527 Above 2.5mm of the shell length: B=0.4631 L -0.3602 The exponential curve equation between shell length (L) and the total weight (W)was as follows : Below 16mm of the shell length: W=0.19957 $L^{2.5726}$ Above 16mm of the shell length: W=0.20602 $L^{2.8400}$ In view of the above the relative growth among the shell length, the longest radial rib and the shell breadth was changed in the vicinity of 2.5mm of the shell length. And relationship between the shell length and the total weight was changed in the vicinity of 16mm of the shell length.