• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.67-72
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• 2009

The flux cored arc welding (FCAW) process is one of the most frequently employed and important welding process due to high productivity and excellent workability. The process is performed either as an automated process or as a semi-automatic process. In FCAW process, welding voltage has been considered as a qualitative indication of arc length. But it is necessary to let welding operators know, maintain and manage the arc length directly by estimating and displaying it. In this study, to develop arc length estimation technique, we measured a welding circuit resistance($R_sc$) and then we calculated welding circuit voltage drop($V_sc$). Also, we measured arc peak voltage($V_ap$). By subtracting $V_sc$ from $V_arc$, we can easily calculate net arc voltage drop($V_arc$). Consequently, we suggested arc length estimating equation and basic algorithm by regressive analyzing the relationship between net arc voltage drop($V_arc$) and real arc length(Larc) measured by high speed camera. Therefore, arc length can be predicted by just monitoring welding current and voltage.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.33-73
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• 2007

This paper explores major factors that drive relationship quality and strength in business-to-business transactions. Three major factors, including offering characteristics, managers' interpersonal factors (similarity, expertise), and relational factors (relationship length, cooperation, and dependence), were proposed to affect relationship quality, and indirectly affect relationship strength. In addition, both economic/instrumental dimension (offering characteristics) and affective, relational dimensions (trust and commitment) are also expected to influence relationship strength. In the empirical study which used the textile-dyeing company managers' ratings of local exporters, structural equation modeling presented a well-fit evidence that relationship quality variables and strength are influenced by their proposed antecedents. Specifically, it was found that all characteristics (except relationship length) have direct effect on their relationship quality with local exporters, and indirectly impact on relationship strength which was measured along dimensions of intention to continue the business relationship in the future and the current share of business given to a local exporter. Together with the minor influence that instrumental dimension (offering characteristics) has on relationship strength, this study suggests that the willingness to remain in business relationship or current proportion of business shared is influenced more by affective assessment like relationship quality than by calculative motivation.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.205-211
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• 2018

In this study, we estimated the applicability of length-weight relationship-based biomass calculations by comparison of body length of genus Polyarthra collected from different habitats. Through the comparison, we also tested availability of representative species-specific biomass value of Polyarthra which is often used without length measurement. Polyarthra samples were collected from rivers (Han River and Nakdong River) and reservoir (Paldang Reservoir), and the body length was measured for statistical comparison among habitats and biomass calculations using different equations suggested previously. According to the results, the body length of Polyarthra spp. was significantly different among sampling sites, and the necessity of body length measurement for rotifer species in each situation has been suggested rather than using the representative biomass values which is fixed without considering time and space. Comparison of suggested biomass calculations based on our measured Polyarthra body length, the equation suggested by McCauley showed more reasonable range of biomass values than that suggested by EPA. In addition, in order to calculate more accurate biomass, it is necessary to measure the body length of rotifers, at least more than 44 individuals to reduce error probability to less than 5% with 99% probability. However, since direct measurement of rotifers biomass is limited, it is considered that further analyses are required for more precise application of rotifer biomass of which has high variability due to complex morphologies and species-specific cyclomorphosis often induced by biotic and abiotic factors in the habitats.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.355-369
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the social values and selected clothing behavior variable for a group of working women in Kwang Ju, Chonnam, Korea. The findings of this study as follows: 1. The were differences in selective clothing variables according to their general characteristics; age, marital status, religion. 2. There were differences in selective clothing variables according to their occupational characteristics; type, length of employment, income. 3. A significant relationship was found between he social values and selected clothing behavior variables; There were significant relationship between the social trend and five clothing behavior variables; social approval, psychological dependence, satisfaction, comfort, interest. There ere significant relationship between the human relation and one clothing variables; management. There were significant relationship between the popularization and three clothing behavior variables; social approval, psychological dependence and management.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.47
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• pp.243-271
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• 2001

This study examines family relationship among North Korean migrant families in early adaptation (approximately, up to $5{\sim}6$ years after arrival in the South). Family cohesion, communication, power relationship, and conflicts and domestic violence among family members were examined by the perceptions of 67 male and female householders and their spouses. In the four areas of family relationship, the subjects have quite positive perceptions and shows no critically significant difference on the perceptions between before and after arrival. However, positive perception on family relationship gradually decreases as the length of time of in the South increases with linear or nonlinear patterns according to subcategories of family relationship. These findings suggest several social work practice implications in resettlement assistance for the North Korean migrant families.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 1999

This study was prospectively conducted to investigate any relationship of nutritional status at the time of admission to length of hospital stay and mortality. All patients admitted to the Asan Medical Center between October 13 and November 12, 1997 who met the study criteria were included in the study. Patients were classified as Not-at-risk, At-risk Ⅰ or At-risk Ⅱ based on the levels of serum albumin and total lymphocyte count in a computerized nutrition screening program. Sixty three percent of the patients were classified as Not-at-risk Group, 29% as At-risk Group Ⅰ and 8% as At-risk Group Ⅱ. Significant correlation was observed between nutritional status and LOS (P＜0.01) as well as mortality rate (P＜0.05). The more the patient had the nutritional risk factors, the longer the LOS and the higher the mortality rate were. Further studies have to be done in order to demonstrate cost-effectiveness of medical therapy for the malnourished hospitalized patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2016

Bond stress between cast-in-place ductile fiber reinforced cementitious composites and CFRP plank were experimentally analyzed. As failure shape, the mixture of failure between CFRP plank and epoxy, and failure between concrete and epoxy was shown. In case of RFCON from the suggested simple bond slip relationship, the maximum average bond stress was 5.39MPa, the initial slope was 104.09MPa/mm, and the total slip length was 0.19mm. PPCON showed the maximum average bond stress of 4.31MPa, the initial slope of 126.67MPa/mm, and the total slip length of 0.26mm, while RFCON+ appeared to have 8.71MPa, 137.69MPa/mm, 0.16mm. PPCON+ had 6.19MPa maximum average bond stress, 121.56MPa/mm initial slope, and 0.34mm total slip length. To comprehend the behavior of composite structure of FRP and concrete, local bond slip relation is necessary, and thus a simple relation is suggested to be easily applied on hybrid composite system.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.851-855
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• 2013

To determine the status of sunfish fishery, fishing places, body size, weight, etc. were investigated from 2010 to 2012 in Busan Cooperative Fish Market. Most of the sunfish were caught by large purse seine around Jeju island, and the fishing ground of sunfish were reached from Heuksando in the southern Yellow Sea to Guryongpo in the southern East Sea. The range of total length (TL) of the sunfish caught by purse seine was 55-271 cm, and the estimated length-weight relationship was $BW=8E-06TL^{3.3797}$. From the relationship, the weight of 50 cm in total length was estimated to be ca. 4 kg, TL 100 cm was ca 46 kg, TL 200 cm was ca 478 kg, and TL 271 cm was estimated to be 1,336 kg.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2004

Age and growth of three-lined tonguefish (Cynoglossus abbreviatus) were studied using samples from the waters off Yosu, Korea, from June to December, 2001. Sagittal otoliths had relatively clear annuli. Each annulus was formed once a year in April. The peak of the gonadosomatic index occurred also in April. The oldest fish observed in this study was 5 years old for females and 4 years old for males. The relationship between the otolith radius (R) and total length (L) was as follows: L=14.921R-2.5318 for females and L=13.527R-0.5584 for males. The relationship between total length and body weight (W) was as follows: $W=0.0008L^{3.54}$ for females and $W=0.0029L^{3.14}$ for males. The growth in length of the fish was expressed by the von Bertalanffy's growth equation as: $$L_t=44.54(1-e^{-0.16(t+2.69)})\;for\;females\;and\;L_t=41.52(1-e^{-0.15(t+3.34)})\;for\;males$$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to set up an effective marketing strategy targeting college women by researching the relationship between weight control behavior and satisfaction with fit of apparel. The results showed that 1) 85.5% of the college women participated in weight control behavior, and 53.5% of them wanted to lose more than 3kg of their weight, 2) both body cathexis and fit satisfaction of college women were generally low. College women were less satisfied with their body and fit of apparel according to the increase of weight control degree. The weight control parts and unsatisfied body parts were almost matched : thigh, abdomen, hip, calf, and weight. The unsatisfied fit of apparel parts were also found to be thigh, hip, abdomen, crotch, pant length that matched each parts, 3) fit satisfaction of neckline, shoulder, midriff, hip, crotch, thigh, calf, and skirt length decreased according to the increase of weight control degree, and 4) weight control group which wanted to lose weight at neck, shoulder, arm, breast, waist, abdomen, hip, thigh, and calf also had low fit satisfaction of neckline, shoulder, armhole, sleeve, breast, waist, abdomen, midriff, hip, thigh, crotch, calf, and skirt length in clothing.