• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.359-367
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• 2008

TRMM TMI data were used to investigate a relationship between physical parameters from microwave sensor and typhoon intensities from June to September, 2004. Several data such as 85GHz brightness temperature (TB), polarization corrected temperature (PCT), precipitable water, ice content, rain rate, and latent heat release retrieved from the TMI observation were correlated to the maximum wind speeds in the best-track database by RSMC-Tokyo. Correlation coefficient between TB and typhoon intensity was -0.2 - -0.4 with a maximum value in the 2.5 degree radius circle from the center of tropical cyclone. The value of correlation between in precipitable water, rain, latent heat, and typhoon intensity is in the range of 0.2-0.4. Correlation analysis with respect to storm intensity showed that maximum correlation is observed at 1.0-1.5 degree radius circle from the center of tropical cyclone in the initial stage of tropical cyclone, while maximum correlation is shown in 0.5 degree radius in typhoon stage. Correlation coefficient was used to produce regressed intensities and adopted for typhoon Rusa (2002) and Maemi (2003). Multiple regression with 85GHz TB and precipitable water was found to provide an improved typhoon intensity when taking into account the storm size. The results indicate that it may be possible to use TB and precipitable water from satellite observation as a predictor to estimate the intensity of a tropical cyclone.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.660-663
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• 2006

Rainfall estimation is important to weather forecast, flood control, hydrological plan. The empirical and statistical methods by measured data(surface rain gauge, rainfall radar, Satellite) is commonly used for rainfall estimation. In this study, the rainfall intensity for East Asia region was estimated using the empirical relationship between SSM/I data of DMSP satellite and brightness temperature of GEOS-9(10.7${\mu}m$) with cloud types(ISCCP and MSG classification). And the empirical formula for rainfall estimation was produced by PMM (Probability Matching Method).

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.245-256
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• 1994

A new axisymmetric crack model is proposed on the basis of p-version of the finite element method limited to theory of small scale yielding. To this end, axisymmetric stress element is formulated by integrals of Legendre polynomial which has hierarchical nature and orthogonality relationship. The virtual crack extension method has been adopted to calculate the stress intensity factors for 3-D axisymmetric cracked bodies where the potential energy change as a function of position along the crack front is calculated. The sensitivity with respect to the aspect ratio and Poisson locking has been tested to ascertain the robustness of p-version axisymmetric element. Also, the limit value that is an exact solution obtained by FEM when degree of freedom is infinite can be estimated using the extrapolation equation based on error prediction in energy norm. Numerical examples of thick-walled cylinder, axisymmetric crack in a round bar and internal part-thorough cracked pipes are tested with high precision.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.291-300
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• 1998

The forest vegetation of Mt. Odae based on the interspecific relationship was classified into 4 groups : Quercus mongolica, Pinus densiflora, Quercus variabilis and Patrinia saniculaefolia. Thirty-one species of Quercus mongolica group including Quercus mongolica and Acer mone, 12 species of Pinus densiflora group comprising Pinus densiflora and Spodiopogon sibiricus, 6 species of Quercus variabilis group and 4 species of Patrinia saniculaefolia were positively correlated. in the results of species ordination by principal component analysis, 7 clusters by the humidity and acidity of soil, 4 clusters by the humidity and light intensity and 7 clusters by the acidity and light intensity were formed. The plot ordination showed that the distribution of species based on the humidity, soil acidity and total organic matters was in the order of Pinus densiflora, Quercus variabilis and Quercus mongolica groups, and based on the light intensity was in the order of Quercus variabilis, Pinus densiflora and Quercus mongolica groups.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.1404-1408
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• 2006

In order to investigate the genetic marker associated with economic performance in Hanwoo (Korean Brown Cattle), proteomic approach was used. Breeding values were estimated from performance tested steers. The top 20 and bottom 19 steers based on carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BF) and marbling score (MS) evaluation for one progeny testing period was used. Meat samples dissected from longissimus dorsi muscles were taken from the slaughter house and analyzed for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A total of 102 significant spots out of total 146 on each gel were detected and compared with the reference gel (synthetic gel) to be evaluated. Four candidate spots for marbling score were identified: 205, 84, 204 and 198. The study confirmed the relationship between breeding values of economic traits of Hanwoo cattle and spot intensity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2001

Most of the natural calamities occurred in South Korea are due to rainfall, which are occurred during rainy season, June to September. The life-calamity reported in those seasons were over 75%, and the dead rate by the rainfall was about 98%. Especially, the disasters occurred in Pusan and Kyongsang-Namdo were highest of the whole country. The capability of landslide in this area was very high, which is included to Class 3 or Class 4 of disastrous risk grade suggested by the GIS system(Lee Su-Gon,1999). Those are based on the characteristics of topographical and meteorological data. In this study, the rainfall characteristics in Pusan were analyzed through the relationship between the cumulative rainfall and the maximum hourly rainfall. The landslide in this area depends on the elapsed time after maximum hourly rainfall intensity, and the most of landslide in Pusan recorded during within 3 hours after pick-time of rainfall intensity.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.937-945
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• 1998

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between pressure recovery and turbulent characteristic value of velocity and pressure, in the case where a swirling flow streams into a conical diffuser. The results of both measurements of the wall pressure fluctuation and velocity fluctuation revealed them to role the large part of the total pressure loss of the flow. The cause of the fluctuation of flow was showed to be the flow separation at the inlet of diffuser at low intensity of swirl, but the flow of diffuser center was instable at high intensity of swirl. The static pressure recovery depends strongly on the magnitude of the turbulent energy in the diffuser, and that this magnitude of the turbulent energy varies as the intensity of swirl at the diffuser inlet.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.362-368
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• 2007

To study the relationship between elementary biochemical states and structural states of the actomyosin crossbridges in muscle, the effects of binding of MgADP to myosin heads in the rigor muscle were examined by X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation. X-ray diffraction studies have been made to investigate the effects of binding of ADP on the structure of glycerinated rabbit skeletal muscle in the rigor state. The intensity increase was accompanied by a slight but distinct decrease in the 5.9 am layer-line intensity close to the meridian. These results strongly suggest that myosin heads altered their attached conformation in the proximal end toward the plane perpendicular to the fiber axis when MgADP was bound to them. We found that the intensity of the 14.5 nm-based meridional reflections increase by 20-50% when MgADP was added to the rigor muscle in the presence of hexokinase and myokinase inhibitor.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.85-89
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• 2017

It is shown that polarization singularities of a new type, namely U and P singularities, arise at the transverse cross section of a partially coherent beam, instead of the common singularities such as C points and L lines in a completely coherent vector field. A relationship between the two kind of singularities with respect to intensity is proposed. We also present a setup that can generate the new singularities, and any desired distribution of degree of polarization, using intensity control.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.694-697
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• 2016

Up-converted phase noise, which is induced by the low-frequency relative intensity noise (RIN) of a laser through AM-PM conversion within a photodetector (PD), is first measured here by means of a cross-correlation method. Our proposed measurement system can isolate the RIN-induced phase noise from noise contributions of other components, such as amplifiers, modulators, and mixers. In particular, shot noise and thermal noise generated from the PD are also suppressed by this method, so that standalone characteristics of the RIN-induced phase noise can be obtained. Experimental results clearly show the quantitative relationship between the RIN-induced phase noise and the incident optical power of the PD. Our findings indicate that the least RIN-induced phase noise appeared at the saturation point of the PD, which is about -162 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset.