• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze patterns of public school building layout types, open space and relationship with communities in the Manhattan grid plan. The study illustrates how building layout patterns of school facilities are influenced by societal demands in the urban grid environment. During the nineteenth century, the Island of Manhattan was transformed into a physical representation of the Cartesian coordinate system via the development of the grid street plan. In order to take advantage of streets as urban space, it is quite important to understand characteristics of communities and open space relationships between buildings and streets. Moreover, the strategic planning of schools' outdoor space vitalizes public streets as a critical community anchor. This research reviews 118 Manhattan public schools and categorizes them by (1) building layout type, (2) site type, (3) circulation and public open space, which are the biggest factors that determine the layout patterns of the public schools in Manhattan. As a result of analysis, the layout patterns are classified into seven types : "ㅡ", "L", "ㄷ", "ㅁ", "H", "T" and "other" type. Of these, "ㅡ" type and "L" type occur most frequently, because these configurations most flexibly fit into the limited grid-locked blocks, the various types of site & topography, and adapt most dynamically to the open spaces created by using avenues and streets. The ultimate objective of this study is to provide a case study for future efforts to plan open spaces for campuses that effectively utilize the streets in proximity.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제16호
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• pp.257-272
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• 2013

This paper analyzes six different ways of articulating the relationship between art and politics. It calls attention to the differences that lurk behind the seemingly simple phrase-everywhere in vogue today-the "politics of aesthetics." Five of these models are drawn from contemporary discussions regarding the politics of art. The last model is the attempt to develop an account of the politics of aesthetics that is faithful to the difficult and ambiguous dimensions of the aesthetic experience that were hinted at by the texts of classical philosophical aesthetics. Most notably, this paper is concerned with the idea that the aesthetic experience can be understood as a form of disinterested contemplation-one that is not reducible to cognitive or moral considerations-and with some of the consequences that this entails. It explores some of the political significance that can be attributed to this idea of disinterested contemplation, arguing that the aesthetic should be understood as a withdrawal from the world's pre-established meanings. Unlike some of the other thinkers discussed in this paper, this author doubts that a single, uniform meaning can be ascribed to the aesthetic experience. I thus argue that we need to approach the aesthetic through the networks of textual significance that have been built up around it. Throughout this paper, I attempt to explain how the efforts to link art and aesthetics to politics simultaneously give rise to ideas about the nature of the human community. In looking at the sixth and final model, what I have called the "anarchical politics of aesthetic ambiguity," I argue that the aesthetic tradition offers a rather unique way of understanding the relationship between the individual and the community. Here, we see that the aesthetic is prone to a number of paradoxes, central among them the one that makes art the bearer of a solipsistic pleasure in which we nevertheless discover our capacity for genuinely communicating with others, outside of cliches and banalities.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.789-806
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• 2020

The 4^th Industrial Revolution (FIR) has already begun. Corporations have to fulfill their social responsibilities to the FIR. This study explores the leadership and attitudes required in the FIR era for companies to fulfill their social responsibilities. In the FIR era, workers should have certain attitudes, such as self-efficacy, expectancy, and acceptance of change. If workers have these attitudes, they will be able to make a difference in the future. This study suggests the leadership styles that are needed to improve these attitudes. Participation, creativity, delegation of leadership, and inspirational motivation of leaders involves organizational change and improvement of organizational performance. This paper demonstrates the kind of leadership that is more important for each attitude through statistical analysis. Furthermore, when workers have these attitudes, not only the future, but also their current performance can be improved. To explain this relationship, the paper describes the effect of attitudes on job satisfaction. If workers have certain attitudes, their current and future performance will improve. As a result of the research, all four leadership styles had positive effects on attitudes toward FIR, and attitudes showed a mediating effect on the relationship between leadership styles and job satisfaction. In addition, it has been proven that the role of participative and delegating leadership, which is more member-oriented leadership, is more important. Leadership will enable workers to have a particular attitude through member-centered leadership, and workers will be able to increase current and future performance. Through these efforts, companies will be able to increase their performance in the current and FIR era, and fulfill their social responsibilities more faithfully. Therefore, in the FIR era, companies will play an important role in the development of society, and create new values.

• 정보과학회 논문지
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• 제44권9호
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• pp.918-931
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• 2017

스마트폰과 웨어러블 기기의 확산으로 개인정보의 축적 및 사용이 증가하여 프라이버시 보호가 이슈화되고 있다. 이에 따라 개인정보 보호를 위한 다양한 보안 기술이 연구 및 발전되고 관련 법률이 개정되고 있지만, 여전히 개인정보 유출 사고가 발생하고 있다. 이는 요구사항 명세 단계에서 프라이버시 요구사항이 명확히 정의되지 않은 채 보안 요구사항만 명세 되어 소프트웨어 개발 시 보안 기술 구현에 집중하기 때문이다. 즉, 기존 연구들은 프라이버시와 보안의 관계성을 고려하지 않은 채 보안 요구사항을 도출하거나 프라이버시 보호를 위한 원칙, 법률 등을 보완하는 것에 집중되어 있다. 따라서 법률을 기반으로 소프트웨어 개발 시 적용 가능한 프라이버시 요구사항을 도출하고 프라이버시와 보안의 관계를 명확히 명시하는 방법이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 프라이버시 친화 시스템 구축을 위해 필요한 프라이버시 요구사항을 검증 및 도출하고, 프라이버시 보증 사례 작성을 통해 보안과 프라이버시의 관계성을 표현한다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.63-75
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• 2007

This study investigated how the contents of biology domains that were dealt with in the 7th national elementary-school science curriculum were in turn dealt with in the other subject matter areas. Through this, it was hoped that the place and identity of biology as a subject could be more clearly established and defined and additionally, more basic data for developing the new national science curriculum could be acquired at the same time. Subject matter areas that overlapped with biology in the 7th national elementary-school curriculum were practical arts, social studies and physical education. The structure and composition of specific components that were dealt with by these subject matter areas were very different from those of science, and the analysis showed that they failed to correspond across grades. Moreover, topics such as 'natural calamities and the environment' and 'human reproduction' that were dealt with by other subject matter areas, but not in science must be included for developing the new national science curriculum. Accordingly, when it comes to composing the contents of each subject matter area during creation of the new national curriculum, the relevant experts in related subject matter areas should be mobilized to conduct in-depth analysis of the following areas: viability, the most appropriate level of difficulty, and appropriateness of any hierarchy of relative importance between subjects. Additionally, efforts to reflect any improvements in the way the new national curriculum is developed which come about through this research are needed.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.19-37
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• 2014

This study is to focus on the status of implementation of bilateral-fishery order based on the Korea-China fisheries agreement and aims to improve fisheries relationship between two countries. Korea-China Fisheries Agreement entered into force in 2001, and serves as a basic framework of the bilateral fisheries order. However, the fishing order between Korea and China has the following limitations. First, it is standstill of joint response for a practical resource management. Second, there are still gaps between the quotas of mutual accord fishing and fishing operation work performance. Third, China's illegal fishing is taking place consistently. Fourth, the effective cooperation between two countries in fisheries is not carried out. Finally, the Korea has faced difficult situations to adhere to a balanced position in the fishery negotiations due to conflicting positions on China and Japan. In order to solve these problems, the fishing order between Korea and China will be able to maintain the competitiveness of Korean fishery sector by reinforcing Korea's fishing sovereignty, Korea and China, based on trust and cooperation, will make efforts to improve bilateral fisheries relations to maximize mutual benefit in fishery sector. Specifically, first, the two countries should strengthen the resources management based on the scientific research and the improvement of imbalance of the mutual agreed fishing in EEZ. Second, Korea has to achieve our targeted performance of fishing operation and establish a joint resources management system between two countries in the provisional measure zone. Third, Korea should implement to collect fisheries information about China fishing vessels which are operating in the EEZ of Korea. Finally, Korea and China should be building up effective governance framework for the establishment of fishing order.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2013

한국정부는 미국정부에게 2015년 12월 1일로 예정된 전시 작전통제권(전작권)의 전환을 재연기할 것을 제안하였다고 한다. 군 통수권은 국가의 여건에 따라 상이하지만 일반적으로 행정권의 수반으로서 대통령의 지위에서 나오는 권한이며 국군 최고사령관으로서 국군을 지휘 통솔하는 것을 말한다. 전작권과 관련해서는 작전통제권(Operational Control Authority)이 무엇이냐부터 정확하게 이해할 필요가 있다. 여기서 주권과 국군통수권의 관계, 병정관계를 학문적으로 정리하고 연구해 보면 작전통제권은 주권침해라기보다는 군사적인 편의에 의한 보편적인 지휘관계의 형태라는 사실이다. 작전통제권은 양병(養兵)에 관한 사항을 제외하고 용병(用兵) 중에서도 당시 부여된 임무에 관한 권한만을 통제하는 제한적인 권한이다. 이것은 모든 부대들의 노력이 하나의 방향을 지향하도록 지휘를 단일화하기 위한 편의에 불과하다. 당연히 작전통제권은 주권에 해당되는 인사, 군수, 행정, 군기, 편성, 훈련 등에 관한 사항은 통제하지 않는다. 현재의 한 미연합사 자체가 북대서양조약기구를 참고하여 만든 것이다. 그리고 한 미연합사령관은 한 미 양국 합참의장에 의한 공동지휘를 받도록 되어 있어 미군의 입장에서만 한 미 양국 군사력을 운영할 수 없다. 전시작전권 환수 문제에 대한 잘못된 인식은 우리나라의 특수한 안보환경을 심도 있게 고려하지 않고 검토한 사안임으로 국군통수권과 병정관계를 정확하게 정리할 필요가 있다는 것을 본 연구에서 주장하고자 한다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.341-363
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• 2017

This case study contributes to the efforts on identifying the essential features of responsive teaching practice where students' mathematical thinking is central in instructional interactions. We firstly conceptualize responsive teaching as a type of teachers' instructional decisions based on noticing literature, and agree on the claim which teachers' responsive decisions should be accounted in classroom interactional contexts where teacher, students and content are actively interacting with each other. Building on this responsive teaching model, we analyze classroom observation data of a 7th grade teacher who implemented a lesson package specifically designed to respond to students' mathematical thinking, called Formative Assessment Lessons. Our findings suggest the characteristics of responsive teaching practice and identify the relationship between noticing and responsive teaching as: (a) noticing on students' current status of mathematical thinking by eliciting and anticipating, (b) noticing on students' potential conceptual development with follow-up questions, and (c) noticing for all students' conceptual development by orchestrating productive discussions. This study sheds light on the actual teachable moments in the practice of mathematics teachers and explains what, when and how to support teachers to improve their classroom practice focusing on supporting all students' mathematical conceptual development.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.151-160
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• 2017

This study was conducted by using a Nikon Coolpix S800c camera equipped with a NIR filter to measure the NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). It was used for the measurement of the three trees of Pinus densiflora, Taxus cuspidata, Zelkova serrata and Acer palmatum in Kangwon National University. The NDVI value of the surface of the building was compared and analyzed. The average value of NDVI in August and September was high in all species. The NDVI distribution of Taxus cuspidata was higher than the other trees. The NDVI distribution of Pinus densiflora and Taxus cuspidata did not show any significant seasonal differences, but The NDVI distribution of Zelkova serrata and Acer palmatum were relatively low in May and June, which are leafless periods. Previous studies related to NDVI value were generally analyzed using satellite imagery. However, it was scarce related to study the NDVI value of each tree or study the changing process of NDVI by time series. Previous studies have used NDVI values on the ground but this study used NDVI values in the ground section. Future studies will be necessary to measure the NDVI value at different times for various species and also to make efforts to generalize the measurement method. In addition, research related to various fields such as the relationship between NDVI and carbon stocks and the relationship with LAI needs to be conducted.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.66-77
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• 2013

The purpose of this empirical study is to investigate the factors of self-leadership depending on individual characteristics, job characteristics, and qualities of leader-member exchange. Additionally, this study aims to discover the effect of self-leadership's outcome factors on organizational citizenship behavior and innovative activities. In order to verify research model and hypothesis, questionnaires were collected from department members working at general hospitals, hospitals, and clinics in metropolitan area of Seoul, which were 85 departments and 344 respondents. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS ver. 19.0 and Amos ver. 18.0 statistical package using Structural Equation Model. The results of the analysis showed that both individual characteristics and job characteristics have significant positive effect on self-leadership. Also, self-leadership had significant positive relationship on innovative action and organizational citizenship behavior. The implications of this study are as follow. First, this study empirically explained how self-leadership is applied in healthcare organizations. Second, it verified the relationship between causal factors and outcome factors of self-leadership. Also, prior researches of self-leadership have been conducted on business companies, but this study explored self-leadership at healthcare organizations, which increased external validity. Nowadays, many people are interested in the effect of leadership in order to overcome issues coming from enlarged organizations and to improve performance. Self-leadership will contribute to maximizing voluntary efforts of human resources and performance in a rapidly changing healthcare industry.