• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2011

Objectives: The questionnaire of occupational stress index (OSI) has been popular in the workplace, and it has been tailored for bus drivers in Taiwan. Nevertheless, its outcomes for participants are based on self-evaluations, thus validation by their physiological stress biomarker is warranted and this is the main goal of this study. Methods: A cross-sectional study of sixty-three city bus drivers and fifty-four supporting staffs for comparison was conducted. Questionnaire surveys, 24-hour urine cortisol testing, and blood draws for dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) testing were performed. The measured concentrations of these biological measures were logarithmically transformed before the statistical analysis where various scores of stressor factors, moderators, and stress effects of each OSI domain were analyzed by applying multiple linear regression models. Results: For drivers, the elevated 24-hour urine cortisol level was associated with a worker's relationship with their supervisor and any life change events in the most recent 3 months. The DHEA-S level was higher in drivers of younger age as well as drivers with more concerns relating to their salary and bonuses. Non-drivers showed no association between any stressor or satisfaction and urine cortisol and blood DHEA-S levels. Conclusion: Measurements of biomarkers may offer additional stress evaluations with OSI questionnaires for bus drivers. Increased DHEA-S and cortisol levels may result from stressors like income security. Prevention efforts towards occupational stress and life events and health promotional efforts for aged driver were important anti-stress remedies.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.153-165
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 배추 신종자의 수용 및 지속적 사용의도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하는데 있다. 연구모형은 기술수용이론(TAM)을 기반으로 도출하였으며, 분석은 편최소제곱법(PLS)을 이용하였다. 배추 생산 농가를 대상으로 한 설문자료 분석결과, 선행변수 중에서는 혁신성과 종자홍보가, 매개변수에서는 인지된 용이성이 신종자 사용에 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인이며, 이들 변수들 간에는 강한 양의 관계가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 기존종자에 비해 품질이 개선된 신종자의 개발 및 보급, 그리고 신종자를 이용하여 생산된 배추의 판로확보 등 다양한 측면에서 인지된 유용성을 제고하기 위한 노력이 필요하다. 이와 같은 노력은 종자홍보와 함께 신종자에 대한 농가의 수용의지를 제고하고 신종자 도입 시 농가가 직면할 수 있는 위험을 줄일 수 있기 때문에 결과적으로 농가의 혁신성 향상에도 큰 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2021

Purpose: As the visual expression cue that can easily reveal and imprint the brand image to consumers becomes more important, franchise coffee shops are making various efforts to establish design elements and brand identity. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the structural model between design elements, brand identity, brand association, brand personality, and brand image of franchise coffee shops from various angles, and to suggest a plan for using visual elements makes a brand image on the franchise in the future. Research design, data, and methodology: This study tests the structural relationship between design elements, brand identity, brand association, brand personality, and brand image of franchise coffee shops. design elements are divided into three attributes (interior design, product design). And brand identity is divided into two attributes (brand name, brand symbol/logo). In order to achieve the purposes of this research, research model and hypotheses were developed based on previous researches. All constructs were measured with multiple items developed and tested in the previous studies. The data were collected from 380 customers who visited franchise coffee shops and were analyzed through SPSS 26.0 and SmartPLS 3.0 statistical package program. Result: As a result of this study, first, it is confirmed that product design has a positive effect on brand association toward coffee shops. Second, interior design and product design have a positive effect on brand personality. Third, all brand identity have a significant positive impact on brand association and brand personality. Finally, brand association and brand personality of coffee specialty shops have a positive effect on brand image. Conclusions: The following implications of this study are as follows. This study is confirmed that there is an effect of design elements attributes and brand identity attributes on brand association and brand personality. And, the brand image was found to be influenced by brand association and brand personality. This suggests that it can be used to establish visible marketing strategies for franchise coffee shops. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve efforts to raise the level of the brand image through visual factors such as unusual interior design, product packages.

• 철학연구
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• 제131권
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• pp.49-75
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• 2014

유럽 철학은 유럽 중심적 역사 철학을 통해 식민주의를 정당화한 과오가 있다. 이 글은 식민주의 극복을 위한 포스트식민주의 아프리카 철학의 노력을 중점적으로 검토한다. 포스트식민주의 아프리카 철학은 아프리카의 철학을 유럽 철학의 규정으로부터 해방시키기 위해 유럽 철학이 제시한 철학의 규정을 문제시하여 재검토한다. 아울러, 아프리카 철학의 특수성과 일반성의 관계를 어떻게 설정할지 논구한다. 포스트식민주의 아프리카 철학의 등장은 그 자체 유럽 철학에 대한 도전과 질문의 성격을 지닌다. 포스트식민주의 아프리카 철학의 이러한 도전에 유럽 철학이 자신을 개방할 때, 비로소 두 철학 전통 간에는 바람직한 관계 형성을 위한 대화의 여지가 마련될 것이다. 유럽 철학이 자신을 개방하는 것은 오랜 세월 보는 위치에 있었던 특권을 버리고 자신을 다른 사유의 시선에 노출시키고 판단을 받는 것이다. 포스트식민주의 아프리카 철학은 식민주의 경험과 그 극복의 과제를 마찬가지로 지니고 있는 우리에게도 여러 가지 질문과 도전을 제기한다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.280-291
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• 2021

Background: Based on the fact that the Korea Medical Dispute Mediation and Arbitration Agency is a public institution established by social demands for medical disputes, this study reviews the publicness of public organization and discusses its policy implications. Methods: Through Moore's strategic triangle, which consists of legitimacy and support, public value and operational capacity, the process of creating public value is examined. For the analysis, case studies were conducted using related literature data from 2012, when the agency was established, to the present. Results: As a result of the analysis, first, the related law examined in the operational capability has been revised dozens of times, but the revised law has its own contradictions and limitations. The human resource system is also being improved, but there is a problem with the fairness and reliability of the arbitration process, especially due to the limitations of the appraiser system. Second, in terms of legitimacy and support, a regional gap occurred despite efforts to improve accessibility through the expansion of the organization. And the arbitration agency failed to reconcile conflicts caused by stakeholders' perception of each other as a trade-off relationship. Third, the public value result shows that, despite many explicit (statistical) achievements, citizens' use of the past dispute resolution means (litigation) has not decreased. Likewise, the perception of value makers (citizens) is important for creating public value as an invisible result, but it has not yet been formally investigated, so the performance can not be recognized. Conclusion: While the organization's efforts for continuous change and improvement are encouraging, it is not perceived as a better means of resolving disputes and improving quality of services. Therefore, it is necessary to reconsider the institutional design centered on value creators.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2019

Today, companies are making efforts to improve the performance of workers by utilizing various IT-based mobile and internet devices. In pharmaceutical companies, salespeople are using the e-brochure to search for diverse expertise in real time. Through the e-brochure, pharmacists and doctors can be provided with the information they need, thereby increasing confidence in pharmaceuticals and salespeople. Salespeople can also use e-brochures to improve their work performance and to be more satisfied with their jobs. This study examines which functions of e-brochures satisfy salespeople and what attitudes to the e-brochures they need to have. This paper explains the effect of satisfaction and attitude to the e-brochures on job satisfaction through self-efficacy with statistical analysis. As a statistical result, the functions of e-brochures (professional knowledge, massive amount of data, easy searching, information updates, and the reflection of feedback) and attitudes to the e-brochures (importance, intention to use, belief in improvement, efficacy to use, and negative cognition) influence on self-efficacy of salespeople. Further, self-efficacy has mediating effects on the relationship between the functions of e-brochures / attitudes to e-brochures and job satisfaction. Exceptionally, the mediating effect of self-efficacy was not significant in relation to information updates / reflection of feedback and job satisfaction. These results will explain what functions should be focused for the future development of e-brochures. It will also suggest what attitudes the salespeople should have about e-brochures. Through these efforts, salespeople will be able to utilize new technology of e-brochures to satisfy their jobs and improve their performance.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.411-434
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• 2021

본 연구는 그릿과 열정 구인이 변별되는지를 검증하고 동, 서양 문화 간 두 구인의 관계성에 차이가 존재하는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한국 대학생 208명과 미국 대학생 251명을 대상으로 다집단 요인분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 형태동일성과 부분측정단위동일성이 성립하여 한국과 미국 모두에서 그릿의 두 요인인 흥미의 지속성 및 노력의 꾸준함과 열정의 두 유형인 조화열정 및 강박열정 각각이 서로 잘 구별되는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 단, 미국 대학생 집단에서는 흥미의 지속성이 적응적인 조화열정과는 정적인 상관을, 부적응적인 강박열정과는 부적인 상관을 보인 반면에, 한국 대학생 집단에서는 노력의 꾸준함 뿐만 아니라 흥미의 지속성도 조화 및 강박열정 모두와 상관이 유의미하지 않았다. 이는 그릿의 개념적 정의와는 달리 한국의 대학생 집단에서는 그릿이 열정과 관련이 높지 않음을 시사한다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 그동안 개념적으로 유사함에도 불구하고 이론적으로만 설명되어 왔던 그릿과 열정 간의 변별성을 경험적으로 밝히고, 서구에서 주로 논의되어 온 그릿과 열정이 문화적 토양에 따라 가질 수 있는 차이를 확인하였다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.63-82
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• 2022

Purpose - Drawing on relational institutional theory, we explored how demographic similarity between board members of a firm and newly emerged political elites led to firms' increased financial resource acquisition such as leverage ratio and decreased export intensity amidst the Asian financial crisis. We also studied how a firm's leverage ratio and export intensity can further affect firm profitability and financial credit rating. Design/methodology - We revisited and explored a unique, unprecedented crisis that affected most Korean firms: the Asian financial crisis that coincided with a governmental shift from a conservative to a liberal party. We collected demographic information from 432 listed Korean firms' board members and 43 political elites of the Blue House from 1998-2000 to create a demographic similarity measurement. We collected firms' financial information, built panel data, and used ordinary least squares regression to test our theory. Findings - Our results showed that demographic similarity between a firm's directors and newly emerged politicians had a positive association with a firm's leverage ratio but a negative association with a firm's export intensity. A firm's leverage ratio had a negative relationship with firm performance measured by firm profitability and financial credit rating. A firm's export intensity showed a positive effect on firm performance. Originality/value - We highlighted that during an economic crisis that coincided with a governmental shift and change of leading political actors, firms exerted efforts to survey the environment and build new external stakeholder relationships to cope with the changing landscape. We proposed that in an emerging market like Korea where low levels of trust and favoritism are prevalent across society, one of the relational institutional strategies that firms can employ is the selection of directors with similar demographic characteristics to political elites based on factors including birthplace and school affiliations. We examined the efforts of firms to build political networks with newly empowered political elites during a financial crisis, and the consequences of establishing such networks. We highlighted that during a financial crisis, the demographic similarity between a firm's board members and newly emerged politicians can provide firms with access to financial resources but can also result in poor management and reduced effort to enhance its international competitiveness.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.91-107
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• 2022

Purpose - This study quantitatively examines the level of financial inclusion of a microfinance institution in each region and how this is changing recently, and examines the level of financial inclusion by region and various financial characteristic factors related to it. It was empirically verified what kind of significant impact actually has on the institution's major management performance indicators (stability, profitability, efficiency, and public interest). Design/methodology/approach - It was confirmed that the institution's financial inclusion index declined rapidly after 2015 as a whole, although there were some differences by region depending on regional characteristics. However, considering the fact that the number of branches per 100,000 adult population is steadily increasing nationwide, it was found that, contrary to what is known, the simple decrease in the number of branches of the institution was not the main cause. Findings - The analysis results of this study show that the institution's efforts for financial inclusion have a positive impact on profitability, stability, efficiency, and public interest, and that the institution pursues profitability, efficiency, stability, and public interest. showed that some trade-offs exist. In other words, overall, it was analyzed that profitability of the institution has a positive effect on efficiency, and efficiency has a positive effect on stability and public interest. Research implications or Originality - Since the institution's efforts to improve its profitability do not have a negative impact on its stability and public interest, it is judged that it is important to take a strategic stance, so excessive loan supply that exceeds the scope of the institution's own control needs to be avoided as much as possible. More detailed financial supply strategies and business management capabilities that enhance the asset soundness and management efficiency of safes need to be demonstrated.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2022

4차산업 시대에 드론은 우리의 생활과 밀접한 관계를 가지고 사용되고 있다. 각종 형태의 드론 개발과 사용은 향후 우리나라 산업의 새로운 페러다임을 제시해주고 있고, 더 첨단화되고 과학화될 것으로 예상된다. 한편, 국방 분야에서는 군 복무자원 감소라는 사회적 현상을 극복하기 위해 다방면으로 노력을 하고 있으며, 부족한 복무자원의 공백을 보완하고 전투력을 유지, 향상하기 위한 출구전략을 마련하고 4차산업과 연계한 각종 과학기술을 접목하여 국방전력 강화에 노력을 집중하고 있다. 군은 그동안 연구하고 계획했던 미래의 전투 양상에 효과적인 대응과 임무수행을 위해 현시대의 산업과 연계하여 전투력 창출을 계획하고 많은 예산과 노력을 동원하여 과학군 기술군의 완성된 무인전투체계을 준비하고 있다. 따라서 무인전투체계의 중심이 되는 드론을 체계적으로 도입하고 활용하여 보다 적극적인 전투력 창출과 전투 공백에 대한 대책을 간구하고, 민간에서 개발된 첨단기술을 활용하여 군사부분에 접목할 때 전장의 새로운 패러다임을 제공할 것으로 전망된다.