• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.228-233
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• 2004

A bushing is a device used in automotive suspension systems to reduce the load transmitted from the wheel to the frame of the vehicle. A bushing is a hollow cylinder, which is bonded to a solid steel shaft at its inner surface and a steel sleeve at its outer surface. The relation between the force applied to the shaft and the relative deformation of a bushing is nonlinear and exhibits features of viscoelasticity. Since a force-displacement relation for bushings is important for multibody dynamics numerical simulations, the relation is expressed in terms of a force relaxation function and a method of determination by experiments on bushings has been developed. For the nonlinear viscoelastic axial response, Pipkin-Rogers model, the direct relation of force and displacement, has been derived from experiment. It is shown that the predictions by the proposed force-displacement relation are in very good agreement with the experimental results.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.187-206
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• 1993

The study was done to better understand problem behavior in high school students as described in family system theory, which explains the individual’s problem within the family interactions. The purpose of the study 1. To analyze the difference in the parents’ relationship as a couple between the two groups. 2. To analyze the difference in the parent-adolecent relationship between the two groups. 3. To analyze the difference in the family function (cohesion adaptability) between the two groups. The method of the study The staudy subjects consisted of a total of 176 families (528 persons), 109 high school students (End grade) with problem behavior and their parents (problem family group) ,and 69 high school students (same grade) with normal behavior and their parents (normal family group) residing in the Seoul area. Data were gathered from structured, self-reporting qestionaires which included a Couple Relation measurement (95 items) , Parent-Adolescent communication measurement (20 items), Family Cohesion Adaptability Scale (20 items) by DavidH. Olson et al., and a behavior evaluation tool. The results of the study 1. The results as related to the hypothesis were as follows. Hypothesis 1 : “satisfaction within The couple's relationship of the parents of problem family group will be lower than the normal family group was supported significantly(t=3.07, p=.005). Hypothesis 2: “The parent-adolescent relationship of the problem family group will be more negative and problematic than the normal family group” was supported significantly(t=4.06, p=.000). Hypothesis 3: “The family function (cohesion adaptability) of the problem family group will be lower than the normal family group" was supported significantly(t=2.20, p=.022) 2. The results of related analysis were as follows 1) Analysis of a causal relation between the couple’s relationship, the parent-adolescent relationship, family function and adolescent behavior showed that the Above 3 variables influenced adolescent behavior.. In cases where couple’s relation-ship, the parent-adolescent’s relationship, the family function are the better, their adolescent’s behavior is better. 2) Discriminant analysis of the research tool showed The discriminant ability of couple’s relationship tool was 75.57%, the Parent-Adolescent communication tool, 67.05, the family adaptability cohesion tool.67. 61%. In summary, interpersonal relationships in the family subsystems are interactive and their relation influences the behaviors. of adolescents in the family. Therefore, family therapy would be a more effective method than individual therapy, to resolve negative problem for adolscents, and the research tool used in this study are very useful for family system diagnosis and nursing intervention.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.549-560
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• 2018

Since Mittag-Leffler introduced the so-called Mittag-Leffler function in 1903, due to its usefulness and diverse applications, a variety and large number of its extensions (and generalizations) and variants have been presented and investigated. In this sequel, we aim to introduce a new extension of the Mittag-Leffler function by using a known extended beta function. Then we investigate ceratin useful properties and formulas associated with the extended Mittag-Leffler function such as integral representation, Mellin transform, recurrence relation, and derivative formulas. We also introduce an extended Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative to present a fractional derivative formula for a known extended Mittag-Leffler function, the result of which is expressed in terms of the new extended Mittag-Leffler functions.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.377-388
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was to examine the relation between diabetes and cognitive function in older adults. Methods: Eighty community-dwelling patients with diabetes and 506 subjects without diabetes were studied with cognitive function test. Cognitive function was measured by Full-scale IQ, Basic IQ, Executive IQ, Attention Function Index, Working Memory Index, Language Function Index, Visuospatial Function Index, Memory Function Index, and MMSE-K1. Results: In model controlling for education, the diabetic group showed significantly lower scores than the non-diabetic group in in Full-scale IQ (p=.012), Basic IQ (p=.034), Executive IQ (p=.014), Attention Function Index (p=.002), Working Memory Index (p=.037), and Memory Function Index (p=.043). The diabetic and non-diabetic groups that were matched for gender, age, and education showed similar differences in 7 out of 9 cognitive measures. The impairments of Full-scale IQ and Memory Function Index in the diabetic group were, respectively, 2.7 and 2.8 times greater than that in the diabetic group. Conclusion: These results showed that diabetes should be considered to a factor of cognitive impairment in older adults.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.57-73
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• 2006

To begin with the purpose of protecting human life from the exterior in the prehistoric age, architecture was nothing but a shelter without any relation between the exterior and the intoner. But, today, with the community developed, architecture can not be resisted with her own function and have to change of the reciprocal one. Different with the oriental architecture, we can see, western architecture has developed in the stream of the form. The main idea of the space in terms of the relation, above all, is mostly concerned with relation between the exterior and the interior like between the architecture and the city. So the role of the facade in depth is the intermediation which consist to the relation in the exterior and interior of architecture. Considering a relation between two elements; the exterior and the interior, we can be inspired in the case of paintings, especially in the works of the Paul $C\acute{e}zanne$. $C\acute{e}zanne$ originally show the depth of space by different disposition of three parts : the background, the objects and intermediate space between the former. For instance, different with the other painters who put the background rear in the canvas and objects in the front of the background, $C\acute{e}zanne$ took the background and objects a same value and assure a depth in space by virtue of the intermediate space. Finally, by putting the background in forward of layer in the canvas and objects situated behind the background, the depth of the space can be occurred. Same as the idea of $C\acute{e}zanne$, Giuseppe Terragni and jean Nouvelle in architecture also intensify their effects through the activation of intermediate space between the interior facade and exterior frame. Not limited in the relation with the architecture and the city, space in relation gives us a higher quality of architectural promenade in depth.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2013

Purpose : The aim of this study was to identify the relation of cognition and visuospatial perception in stoke patients. Methods : A total of 16 stroke patients recruited from two hospital located in Donghae, Kang-won participated in this study(Right hemiplegia : twelve, Left hemiplegia : four). All participants scored higher than 20 point on the MMSE-K. To assess the cognitive function, we performed the Korean version of Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE-K), spatial perception domain of Lowenstein Occupational Therapy Cognition Assessment(LOTCA), Figure Color Copy(FCC), Linebisection Test(LBT) and Albert's test in stoke patients. Results: The Korean version of Mini Mental State Examination and spatial perception domain of Lowenstein Occupational Therapy Cognition Assessment were the highest points in sixty ages, Figure Color Copy is difference between Right hemiplegia and Left hemiplegia. Linebisection Test(LBT) and Albert's test had much relation, visuospatial perception had not relationship. Conclusion: Aging was cognition function and visuospatial perception had an interrelationship. visuospatial perception according to affected side in brain had an interrelationship but cognition function and visuospatial perception had not any interrelationship.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.44 no.12
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• pp.991-1000
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• 2011

The relationship between discharge (Q) and suspended sediment (SS) concentration often is used for the estimation of inflow SS concentration in reservoir turbidity modeling in the absence of actual measurements. The power function, SS=aQb, is the most commonly used empirical relation to determine the SS load assuming the SS flux is controlled by variations of discharge. However, Q-SS relation typically is site specific and can vary depending on the season of the year. In addition, the relation sometimes shows hysteresis during rising limb and falling limb for an event hydrograph. The objective of this study was to examine the hysteresis of Q-SS relationships through continuous field measurements during flood events at inflow rivers of Yongdam Reservoir and Soyang Reservoir, and to analyze its effect on the bias of SS load estimation. The results confirmed that Q-SS relations display a high degree of scatter and clock-wise hysteresis during flood events, and higher SS concentrations were observed during rising limb than falling limb at the same discharge. The hysteresis caused significant bias and underestimation of SS loading to the reservoirs when the power function is used, which is important consideration in turbidity modeling for the reservoirs. As an alternative of Q-SS relation, turbidity-SS relation is suggested. The turbidity-SS relations showed less variations and dramatically reduced the bias with observed SS loading. Therefore, a real-time monitoring of inflow turbidity is necessary to better estimate of SS influx to the reservoirs and enhance the reliability of reservoir turbidity modeling.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.531-542
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• 2014

Recently, Srivastava et al. [18] introduced the incomplete Pochhammer symbol and studied some fundamental properties and characteristics of a family of potentially useful incomplete hypergeometric functions. Here we introduce the incomplete Lauricella function ${\gamma}_D^{(n)}$ and ${\Gamma}_D^{(n)}$ of n variables, and investigate certain properties of the incomplete Lauricella functions, for example, their various integral representations, differential formula and recurrence relation, in a rather systematic manner. Some interesting special cases of our main results are also considered.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.28A no.10
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• pp.847-854
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• 1991

This paper presents a new output phase assignment algorithm which determines the phases of all the nodes in a given boolean network. An estimation function is defined, which is represented by the relation between the literals in the given function expression. A weight function, WT (fi, fj) is defined, which is represented by approximate amount of common subexpression between function fi and fj. Common Subexpression Graph(CSG) is generated for phase selection by the weight function between all given functions. We propose a heuristic algorithm finding subgraph of which sum of weights has maximum by assigning phases into the given functions. The experiments with MCNC benchmarks show the efficiency of the proposed method.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.36 no.5_6
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• pp.397-409
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• 2018

The aim of this research note is to evaluate two generalized integrals involving the product of generalized Bessel function and Jacobi polynomial by employing the result of Obhettinger [2]. Also, by mean of the main results, we have established an interesting relation in between $Kamp{\acute{e}}$ de $F{\acute{e}}riet$ and Srivastava and Daoust functions. Some interesting special cases of our main results are also indicated.