• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.145-153
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• 2019

Objectives: This case is significant as a rare observational record at the Korean medical practice field. This case reports progression of co-administration of Korean herbal medicines and conventional medicines for cough in patients with myocardial infarction relapse suspected of developing acute respiratory infection. Methods: First, the chest radiography, CBC count and urinalysis were performed to estimate patient's systematic condition. After the estimated diagnosis, the patient was treated with modified Dingchuan decoction, antibiotics, and complex syrup for cough. We used the Cough-Specific Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (CQLQ) to assess patient's respiratory symptoms. Results: Co-administration of Korean herbal medicines and conventional medicines resulted improving of cough and sputum symptoms. Laboratory analysis items and total score of CQLQ also showed significantly improved results. Adverse effects were not observed. Conclusions: In this case, we concluded that co-administration of Korean herbal medicine and conventional medicine may be an effective therapy for the treatment of cough in patients with myocardial relapse of developing acute respiratory infection.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.347-357
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• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of ipriflavone on periodontal reorganization and prevention of relapse following tooth movement. Methods: Orthodontic rubber bands were inserted between the first and second maxillary molars of 27 white male rats for 3 weeks for experimental tooth movement. From one day before the removal of orthodontic rubber band, ipriflavone was administered 50 or 400 mg/kg daily in each experimental group whereas carboxymethyl cellulose solution was administered in the control group. They were sacrificed at the 5, 10, and 15th day from the day of removal of orthodontic rubber bands. The amount of relapse was evaluated by measuring the interdental space, and the extent of periodontal reorganization was compared through histological examination. Results: In case of ipriflavone administration, the amount and velocity of relapse was less and slower compared to the control group. In addition, the ipriflavone group showed more rapid periodontal reorganization compared to the control group. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that ipriflavone administration can be used effectively in the prevention of relapse following orthodontic tooth movement through the acceleration of periodontal reorganization.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.628-635
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the result after 2-phase surgical-orthodontic treatment without preoperative orthodontic treatment for the skeletal Cl III malocclusion patient and to obtain an adequate protocol on the bases of this result. This retrospective study of ten patients who underwent 2-phase treatment were done to evaluate 1) the surgical stability and relapse pattern 2) the facial esthetics 3) the TMJ problem 4) the total time of the treatment. Results were followed : 1) The horizontal relapse of the mandible was 26.8% and didn't show significant differences compared to the conventional 3-phase treatment. But, it was considered that this amount of relapse was the sum of true relapse and autoratation of mandible due to decreased vertical dimension during orthodontic treatment. 2) It was estimated that there's no difference on the ratio of anterior facial height between the subjects and the normal patients. On the horizontal analysis, the mandible of the subjects was located more anteriorly than that of the normal patients. This result showed that there was a need for the accurate preoperative esthetic evaluation and the additional methods for reducing the relapse due to the occlusal interference. 3) Wide variation was noted on the TMJ symptoms of the subjects, however, it was estimated that there's no significant differencees of symptoms compared to that of the conventional 3-phase treatment on literatures. 4) The average of the overall period of treatment was 20.8 months and we obtained reduction of the treatment time compaired to 3-phase treatment on many literatures. Most of the results of this study were similar to the findings of the 3-phase treatment(preoperative orthodontic-orthognathic surgery-postoperative orthodontic), but total time of the treatment was shorter in patients with 2-phase treatment than in those with the conventional 3-phase treatment. With 2-phase treatment, we experienced many advantages compared to the conventional method considering that it was favarable conditions for the teeth, it had the flexibility for the treatment, and it could be the adequate treatment approach for the stomatognathic system. Although this retrospective pilot study had some limitations, due to small samples, the authors would hope that it could serve as a guide for the future researches, and the clinical applications.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.180-186
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• 2006

Background : Para-aminosalicylic acid(PAS) is a 2nd-line drug that can cause severe adverse reactions leading to poor patient compliance. This study evaluated the relapse rate according to the discontinuance of PAS at a certain point after bacteriological conversion during the course of chemotherapy for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB). Methods : 42 out of 452 MDR-TB patients were enrolled in this study. All subjects were receiving chemotherapy including PAS at National Masan TB Hospital between Jan. 1, 2000 and Dec. 31, 2001. The relapse rate was evaluated after the discontinuance of PAS from their initial regimen as a result of the severe adverse reactions at a certain point after the bacteriological conversion during the course of chemotherapy for MDR-TB. Results : The male to female ratio was 2.5:1, and the mean age was 47.2 years old. The average number of past histories, used drugs and resistant drugs was 1.2, 3.9 and 4.3. The mean number of sensitive drugs included in the inirial regimen was 3.9. The mean time for bacteriological conversion and discontinuance of the PAS was 2.3 months after initiating treatment and 6 months after bacteriological conversion, respectively. There was no relapse after discontinuing PAS during a mean follow up period of 31.6 months. Conclusion : PAS may be discontinued in the cases of serious gastrointestinal problems approximately 6 months after bacteriological conversion without concern about relapse.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.11-23
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• 2004

Although most children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome respond to corticosteroid therapy, many responders show steroid dependency and frequent relapse. In these children, one of the major problems is the serious side effects resulting from continuous steroid therapy. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the therapeutic efficacy and safety of six-month cyclosporine treatment with the low-dose deflazacort therapy in children with nephrotic syndrome. Thirty children with steroid dependence (SD), frequent relapse (FR) and steroid resistance (SR) were enrolled in this study. They were treated with 6-month oral cyclosporine $(Cypol-N^{(R)})$ plus the low-dose deflazacort $(Calcort^{(R)})$ therapy at Samsung Medical Center from September 2002. The dosage of cyclosporine was started at 5 mg/kg/day and was monthly adjusted to maintain clinical remission and/or a trough blood level, while deflazacort dosage was reduced gradually. Clinical evaluation and monitoring of cyclosporine toxicity were performed every $2\sim4$ weeks. Outcomes were compared to the latest sir-month period of steroid only therapy before cyclosporine treatment. Student's t-test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Out of 28 children with SD and FR, 23 $(82.1\%)$ sustained remission, and 5 $(17.9\%)$ experienced 1 or 2 relapses during therapy. Out of 2 children with SR, 1 child sustained remission, and 1 child showed no response. The mean duration of remission and occurrence of relapse were significantly improved (p <.0001). In addition, the mean dosage of steroid was significantly reduced (p=.003). Although a number of adverse effects occurred in this study, they were not so serious as to necessitate discontinuation of the therapy. No nephrotoxicity was observed. Twenty out of the 28 children who had been in remission relapsed after withdrawal of cyclosporine. Fifteen of these children showed relapse within a month. These results demonstrated that the combination of cyclosporine with the low-dose deflazacort was efficient and safe in children with SD and FR during the six-month treatment. However, further studies are necessary in order to resolve the problem of high relapse rate after discontinuation of cyclosporine.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.420-426
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate skeletal and soft tissue changes that occur after using a facemask for treatment of skeletal class III malocclusion, and to assess the relapse pattern when no retention appliance was used. Fifteen skeletal class III malocclusion patients were treated with a facemask for an average of 12 months. No retention appliance was used during the 1 year follow-up period. Cephalograms were taken during pretreatment, posttreatment, and the 1 year follow-up. Cephalograms were traced, analyzed, and the results were compared between cephalograms. All patients showed significant sagittal skeletal changes after treatment, but they also showed a significant relapse during the 1 year follow-up period when no retention appliance was used. Despite the relapse, the sagittal skeletal changes that remained were still significant. Vertical skeletal change was also significant after treatment, but the total change was not significant after a 1 year follow-up due to relapse. In soft tissue changes, facial convexity and upper lip position improved after treatment and this change remained significant after the 1 year follow-up period. Facemask therapy is therefore an effective method for treatment of skeletal class III malocclusion, however, retention is imperative to maintain the treatment effect.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.403-409
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• 1993

Between 1988 and 1992, seven patients with overt meningeal leukemia who had received adequate central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis were treated with intermittent craniospinal irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate (IIIC). Follow-up time ranged from 8 months to 41 months with median of 20 months. Three of 7 patients developed subsequent CNS relapse. CNS remission durations were 8, 9, 13, 20, 28, 34, 36 months from diagnosis of CNS leukemia for which IIIC was given. Disease free survival after CNS relapse ranged from 2 to 36 months with median of 11 months. Overall survival after CNS relapse ranged from 8 to 41 months with median of 28 months. Five patients died of sepsis and bleeding secondary to bone marrow relapse. Two patients are alive at present. But they developed recurrent CNS disease 10 to 11 months after completion of IIIC. To improve the outcome, modification of IIIC by reduction of rest period and prolonged administration of intrathecal chemotherapy after completion of IIIC are required.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.417-422
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• 2007

Background: It is not known with certainty whether patients with persistently positive sputum smear results who have also had negative sputum culture results require prolongation of treatment for tuberculosis in order to avoid an increased risk of eventual relapse. The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively describe the treatment characteristics and evaluate the appropriate duration of treatment in these patients. Methods: Sixty of 69 patients with sputum smear positive and culture negative tests at 5 months after first line anti-tuberculous chemotherapy from 2002 to 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. Exclusion criteria included incomplete treatment or resistance to rifampicin or two additional antibiotics, as determined by a drug susceptibility test (DST). Results: Smear conversion of the study subjects was observed after $8.3{\pm}2.3$ months treatment, and the patients were culture negative after $2.0{\pm}0.8$ months. The relapse rates of the study subjects were 3.8, 10.0, and 25.8% after 1, 2, and 5 years of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, respectively. The relapse rates were not significantly affected by a series of risk factors such as age, sex, presence of diabetes, a sputum culture examination after 2 months treatment, previous treatment history, chest radiograph, and duration of the treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion: Regimen change is not required for patients with persistent smear positive but culture negative tests in the fifth month for first line antituberculous treatment. However, a further study will be needed to clarify the high relapse rate in this specific group of patients.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.32 no.12 s.307
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• pp.840-842
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• 1994

• 대한치과교정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.45.2-46
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• 1999