• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.493-499
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• 2004

Rejection characteristics of heavy metals by nanofiltration membranes were investigated. Nanofiltration membranes rejected heavy metals much better than chloride, sulfate and TOC, of which concentration in synthetic wastewater was higher than that of heavy metals. To consider rejection characteristics of various metals by nanofiltration membranes, separation coefficient, which is the ratio of the metal permeation rate to the chloride ion or TOC permeation rate, was introduced. In spite of different materials and different nominal salt rejection of nanofiltration membrane used, the separation coefficients of metals were nearly the same. In particular, the separation coefficient of arsenic against chloride ion and TOC was larger than any other separation coefficient of heavy metals. These phenomena were observed in the relationship between the molar conductivity and the separation coefficient for heavy metals.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.64-74
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• 2015

Despite the number of developed theories, it still remains a difficult task for some established and emerging scholars in various academic fields to clearly articulate new theories from research studies. This paper reviews and collates the views of scholars on what a theory is and how a good theory can be developed. It explains the concept of a theory, and the different components that make up a theory. The paper discusses the different processes of theory development by emphasizing what theory is and what theory is not. This review found that scholars differ in their definition of a theory, which leads to using terms such as model, paradigm, framework, and theory interchangeably. It found the lack of theoretical constructs in a study to be one of the factors which explains why articles are rejected for publication. This paper may be of benefit to established researchers who may be struggling with theory development, and especially younger academics who are the future of scholarship in various academic fields, particularly in information science.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.195-197
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• 2006

When we measure electrical impedance of a small object, such as an electronic component, external interference or jamming signal can be rejected by shielding the object. However, when we measure impedance of a large object, such as a human body, shielding is not easy and severe error due to the external interference could be introduced. In this paper, spread spectrum technique applicable to bioimpedance measurements for rejecting external interference without shielding is introduced. The improvement in signal-to-jamming ratio by the spread spectrum technique was experimentally confirmed.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.261-275
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• 1995

This paper analyzes the parallelism between the art trend and the fashion. As a representative case, we consider the Modernism and the Flapper look. The Modernism rejected the tradition of the past and pursued something new. This trend was in parallel with the fashion called flapper look which was against the tradition and made drastic change. The factors which represent the spirit of the age the Modernism are the simplicity, the rejection of the tradition, the individualism and the subjectivity, the functionalism, the fragmentation of the self, and the straight line. We discuss the fashion style of the flapper look in terms of these factors.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.20 no.41
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• pp.51-60
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• 1997

In this paper, A Connection Admission Control(CAC) algorithm by Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation is proposed. The B-ISDN will be required to carry traffic generated by a various traffic sources. These source will have all traffic flow characteristics and quality of services requirements. When a connectionless message with burstiness arrives at a node during a renewal period, CAC will be dynamically determined connection request by using the predetermined connection admission bounds in estimating the number of input arriving cells. The proposed algorithm estimates the available bandwidth by observing cell streams of the aggregate traffic. A connection request is accepted if the available bandwidth is larger than declared peak rate, and otherwise rejected. The proposed CAC scheme is shown to be promising and practically feasible in obtaining efficient transmission of burst traffic with guaranteed quality of services.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.22-38
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• 1997

In a traditional sequential acceptance sampling plan, it is assumed that the sampled items are independent each other. In this paper, stochastically dependent sequential acceptance sampling plans are dealt when there exists dependency between sampled items. Monte-Calro algorithm is used to find the acceptance and rejection probabilities of a lot. The number of defectives for the test to be accepted and rejected in probability ratio sequential test can be found by using these probabilities. The formula for measures of performance of these sampling plans is developed. Type I and II error probabilities are estimated by simulation. This research can be a, pp.ied to sequential sampling procedures in place of control charts where there is a recognized and necessary dependency during the production processes. Also, dependent multiple acceptance sampling plans can be derived by extending this sequential sampling procedure. As a numerical example, a Markov dependent process model is given, and the characteristics of the sampling plans are examined according to the change of the dependency factor.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.231-239
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• 2001

This paper proposes a region segmenting method for the Pap-smear image. The proposed method uses a pixel classifier based on neural network, which consists of four stages : preprocessing, feature extraction, region segmentation and postprocessing. In the preprocessing stage, brightness value is normalized by histogram stretching. In the feature extraction stage, total 36 features are extracted from $3{\times}3$ or $5{\times}5$ window. In the region segmentation stage, each pixel which is associated with 36 features, is classified into 3 groups : nucleus, cytoplasm and background. The backpropagation network is used for classification. In the postprocessing stage, the pixel, which have been rejected by the above classifier, are re-classified by the relaxation algorithm. It has been shown experimentally that the proposed method finds the nucleus region accurately and it can find the cytoplasm region too.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.353-360
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• 2000

A design of PIDA(Proportional-Integral-Derivative-Acceleration) controller for the third-order plant using the CDM(Coefficient Diagram Method) is presented. Using CDM, the closed-loop system with the designed PIDA controller can be made stable and satisfied both the transient and steady state response specifications without any adjustment. The effect of output step disturbance can also be lastly rejected. The fast step response of the controlled system can be achieved by reducing the equivalent time constant. The MATLABs simulation results show that the performances of the designed controlled system using CDM is better than the performance of the controlled system using PIDA controller designed by its own technique.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.259-273
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between children's popularity and Interpersonal Cognitive Problem-Solving Skill(ICPS). The subjects were 162 children(70 popular, 76 rejected, and 16 neglected children) chosen from 359 children between the age of 5 -6 and 8-9 years of age. The materials were peer nomination measures developed by Moreno(1934 ) and Interpersonal Cognitive Problem-Solving Skill produced by Park, Chan-Ok from IPCS of Spivack(1976). The data were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA popularity (3) ${\times}$ age (2) ${\times}$ sex (2), t-test, and $Scheff\acute{e}$ test. The results were that (1) children's popularity was significantly different by sex, (2) children's ICPS was significantly different by age for boys, (3) there was no significant difference in ICPS by popularity, and (4) there were significant differences in positive negative solution thought.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.229-238
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• 2003

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of firm's various kind of characteristics on the oust in the supply chains between the textile makers and the retailers. Based on the preceding literature review. six hypotheses are proposed. To test the proposed hypotheses, data were collected utilizing questionnaires from 68 retailers(fashion shop). To analyze the data the SPSSWin statistical package was employed. Two(H4 and H6) out of six hypotheses were accepted, the others were rejected. According to the results, the greater the impact of the shared value and the reputation for the retailers on the textile maker is, the stronger the trust of the retailers in the textile maker is. Based on the research results, we can conclude that the trust management is a very important factor in the supply chains between the textile makers and the retailers.