• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Systematic safety research by Korea Government has been made to enhance the safety of CNG (compressed natural gas) vehicles since the burst of compressed cylinder of an urban bus in August 9, 2010. This article summarizes some major activities to ensure the safety of CNG vehicles, which covers review of regulation, safety management system including standard of inspection and certification, and training program of inspectors and car mechanics. Specifically, the followings were reviewed; type of CNG cylinder, location of CNG cylinder, material and type of fuel line and vent line, modification of pipeline connection, installation of gas detector, installation of emergency shutdown valve, installation of protecting cover for cylinder, obligations for CNG vehicle filling station. improving periodical inspection, routine test on gas vehicles, training program for engaged in gas vehicles, and designation of safety manager for CNG bus company. This paper suggests how to improve safety of CNG vehicles as a result of review of above mentioned check items.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.559-574
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop the couple relationship improvement program for college students and to examine the effects of the program based on the family of origin and attachment. Does based on Bowen's theory of differentiation of self, adult attachment, group counseling for this and establishes program goals according to systematic group counseling program development model and composed program. In order to attain like this research objective, six male and female couples attending colleges were divided into the participating group and comparison group; the students were from H University in Daejeon, Korea, and they had the experience of participating in the comprehensive group program. The changes shown by the couples were studied, and the cases were analyzed by examining the minutes and reports, which supplemented the quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of the group counseling program. The analysis of the effectiveness of the program showed the following. The case showed that goals of the individuals and couples, enhancing the understanding of self and partners by understanding the self-differentiation and adult attachment while having a positive impact on understanding, acceptance, disclosure of self partner and couple relationship based on the social support of the cognitive emotion regulation strategies.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.411-418
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• 1992

Recently, onset of bacterial disease, especially infiltration of chronic respiratory diseases have been increasing at high rate. The main cause of these diseases are originated from inappropriate sanitary management and slow progress in introducing system and herd free system, which are the base of productivity improvement in bigger pig management, Methods for the prevention and removal of these diseases, are divided into four categories. The first category includes prevention and removal of infectious diseases by organizing strict animal quarantine, enforcing vaccination, and legal regulation and disposal at the time of outbreak. The second category includes improvement of production systems. This purpose can be achieved by discontinuing the open herd system, which brings on the invasion of foreign pathogens and replacing the system by the closed type of farm. To Continue eradication process step-wisely by performing the all-in all-out system at every pig pen or herd level is also effective for this purpose. The third category includes introduction of herd free system can be achieved by repopulating conventional pigs with SPF pigs. If these means are unrealizable from economic or technical viewpoint, medicated early weaning system is perfomed. This system consists of disinfection of pigsty at pre-postpartum stage, application of drugs to pregnant sows and newborn piglets in accordance with the medication program, and early weaning and rearing of newborn piglets in isolation. The fourth category is sanital leading by veterinarians, aimed to eliminating incentives for diseases through diagnoses. Their main activities include periodical monitoring and improvement leading on each responsible subject.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.23-32
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• 2015

The aim of this work is to study the specifics of demographic processes in the Republic of Kazakhstan and to justify proposals concerning improvement of tendencies and methods of realizations of demographic policy in the country. The following methods have been used in this study: the principles of system approach; methods of statistical and comparative economic analysis, sociological analysis; method of expert evaluations; generalization and system analysis. Statistical method is based on the accountability of statistics office of the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) and on the results of sociological studies. The official statistic information, materials of the population census of the RK, materials of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of RK, data from author's studies, carried out in the Institute of Economy of science committee of Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan were used in this study. The conclusion about positive tendencies in demographic processes and about necessity of improvement of demographic policy was made. A number of proposals and recommendations concerning creation of favorable social and economic conditions for improvement of demographic situation, enhancement of institutional basis of demographic policy, forms and methods of its realization considering priorities of future development of Kazakhstan were justified.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.156-163
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• 2008

Recently, Construction market is contracted by economic slump and regulation. As the solution of this plan, construction productivity is gathering strength. However, the study on the productivity in construction section is insufficient until now. Construction section has many factor about productivity. The point of this study, we analysis the factor of construction productivity improvement and relationship with system thinking. And we show the strategy of construction productivity improvement.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.541-546
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• 2014

Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) has been widely used to estimate the overall safety of nuclear power plants (NPP) and it provides base information for risk informed application (RIA) and risk informed regulation (RIR). For the effective and correct use of PSA in RIA/RIR related decision making, the risk estimated by a PSA model should be as realistic as possible. In this work, a best-estimate thermal-hydraulic analysis of loss-of-coolant accidents (LOCAs) for the Hanul Nuclear Units 3&4 is first carried out in a systematic way. That is, the behaviors of peak cladding temperature (PCT) were analyzed with various combinations of break sizes, the operating conditions of safety systems, and the operator's action time for aggressive secondary cooling. Thereafter, the results of the thermal-hydraulic analysis have been reflected in the improvement of the PSA model by changing both accident sequences and success criteria of the event trees for the LOCA scenarios.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.108-121
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• 2008

On January 1, 2005, the Korean Ministry of Environment put into operation a comprehensive program, so called 'Blue Sky 21' project, for the improvement of air quality in greater Seoul metropolitan area. This program was legally based on the 'Special Act on Metropolitan Air Quality Improvement' for Greater Seoul area, which was established in 2003, and should be updated every 10 years. The principal objective of this program is to improve the air quality in Seoul and surrounding area by 2014 to the levels of air quality in Tokyo and Paris, with particular emphases on reducing the concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and $PM_{10}$. Any regulation of the emission of toxic air pollutants in general, and $NO_2$ and $PM_{10}$ in particular, should be based on human exposure levels and consequential health effects. In this article, the contents and feasibility of the special program were critically evaluated with respect to the reduction of health risks. Important issues for improving not only air quality but public health are discussed, and future requirements for the success of the special program are suggested.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.93-98
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• 2009

In this research, the acute toxicity of fermented Yukmijihwangtang extract was examined using male and female ICR mice, To evaluate the acute toxity and safety, 0(control group), 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg of fermented Yukmijihwangtang extract were orally administered to male and female ICR mice. After single administration, we observed survival rates, general toxicity, changes of body weight for the 14 days and autopsy at 1 day following the administration according to the Regulation of Korean Food and Drug Administration. Compared with the control group, we could not find any toxic alteration in all treated groups (1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg). $LD_{50}$ of fermented Yukmijihwangtang extract might be over 5000 mg/kg and it is very safe to ICR mice.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.215-236
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• 2016

This paper is related to a study on safety management of cosmic radiation in the aviation area, and as a comprehensive study encompassing not only aviation crew but also aviation traffic users, presents issues on an exposure to the cosmic radiation which authors predict may be intensified in a time to come. Although the government of the Republic of Korea has recently activated regulations related to the cosmic radiation, the following improvement measures are further urged to be carried out not only as a regulatory improvement for pushing ahead with effectiveness but also as a supplementary tool. Firstly, a dose limit corresponding to the international standard needs to be applied. Since the dose limit imposed by the Korean government is improperly higher than the international dose limit of the cosmic radiation, the present dose limit needs to be re-established in a range of "not exceeding the international recommendation". Secondly, a new methodology is needed such that aviation companies observe a yearly effective dose limit of passengers. A fact that only aviation crew is specified but passengers are excluded in the related regulation is based on a recommendation presented by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). According to the recommendation, Korean government excluded passengers in the "Cosmic Radiation Safety Requirements for Crew". Among the present aviation regulations, there exists a protection standard for protecting aviation traffic users. However, it presents a damage protection only for ticket-related issues. Since this regulatory weakness provides a cause of endangering national health, the authors believe that an improvement in the regulation is needed without sticking to the recommendation from the ICRP. To this end, new regulations are strongly demanded from aspects of not only legal but also regulatory areas. The dose limit in accordance with the international standard is established. However, at least a minute amount of cosmic radiation is continuously acting on all people of Korea. Since more and higher level of cosmic ration may exist in the aviation space, an improved method of representing the minute amount of cosmic radiation in figures. As a result, a desirable regulation may be established for protecting not only crew but also aviation traffic users from being exposed to the cosmic radiation via a legislation of the desirable regulation.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.83-105
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• 2017

In contemporary society interest in and consumption of beauty treatment are increasing, raising interest in health and beauty. However, beauty-related laws are becoming factors of hindrance of beauty development. Currently the Public Health Control Act plays a basic role in the beauty art business in Korea, However the contents are in discord with international laws and its definition is not clear. Therefore it is causing conflicts of different occupations and job associations which are similar to art business. Especially, because neither definitions nor policies on beauty care devices exist in the Public Health Control Act, beauty care devices using in foreign countries cannot be used in Korea due to classification as medical devices. Under this circumstance, therefore, beauty care device uses by beauty artists violate the law. The government has tried to solve these irrational regulations. Recently, the Small and Medium Business Administration announced 'the improvement plan of small business and young founders site regulation for public economy recovery' in a ministerial meeting on December 28, 2016. Regulations on policy preparation for skincare devices were inclusive in this announcement. It is the question whether the regulations will be executed or not. Even though beauty industrial competitiveness was presented in the 18th Presidential Council on National Competitiveness in 2009, it was not practiced. The proposal bills for beauty law improvement have been put forth several times since 2000 including an improvement plan for regulating beauty care devices. However, so far there have been no improvements. The damage on the regulation classifying beauty devices as medical devices is not only restricted to skincare. This develops beauty devices and the beauty industry which imports and exports beauty devices. When beauty devices are exported, complicated procedures are unavoidable and when beauty devices are imported, irrational problems like reregistration procedures and costs occur. The reason why an improvement plan has not gone into practice is the resistance of the dermatologists' association. Dermatologists tend to stand positively against harming public health by saying that beauty devices used by beauty artists cause people to suffer side effects. In contrast, anyone who has a licence to use beauty devices is able to use them in foreign countries. It is not only infringement of one's right as a beauty artist but also people's right to receive beauty care services. With this reason, Korean's current law under which beauty devices are ruled as medical devices should be revised with accordance to domestic surroundings. Therefore in order to advance and globalize the beauty industry, the support and cooperation of the Korean government and relevant associations is needed to legislate and revise the beauty devices laws. The relevant associations abandon regional self-centeredness and cooperate to define ranges, size and management of beauty devices for safe use. If no collaboration exists, an arbitration agency should be established to solve the problem.