• Clean Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.30-41
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• 1996

Air pollution problems are serious and present significant challenges to the engineering research community. EPA's engineering research programs have shifted from a primary focus on $SO_2$ and NOx pollution control to more complex and more difficult problems such as indoor air quality, air toxics, and global climate change. EPA research engineers are working closely with other research organizations in both the private sector and other federal research organizations to identify, evaluate, and develop cost-effective engineering solutions. The APPCE works closely with the EPA regulatory and regional offices to ensure that the best engineering information is utilized to formulate and implement the Agency's environmental protection program.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.587-590
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• 2003

In this paper, the control of the differential drive wheeled mobile robot (DDWMR) is studied. Because the DDWMR have non-holonomic constraints, it cannot be stabilized by smooth feedback. The T-S fuzzy model for the DDWMR is presented and a control algorithm Is developed by well known PID control and LMI based regional pole-placement.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.187-198
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• 2008

Purpose: Music intervention has long been used in research of patients undergoing surgical operation in reducing anxiety level and improve surgical outcome. However, there are few studies that have considered a patient's music preference. We investigated the effect of the tailored music intervention which chose music according to the patient's preference on anxiety level and vital signs. Method: The subjects were 50 patients who received regional anesthesia for surgical operation at D hospital in Pohang city from April, 2006 to November, 2006. All of the subjects were randomly assigned either music group (30 subjects) or non-music group (20 subjects). As the patients arrived in the operating room, vital signs were monitored until the subjects were transferred to the recovery room, while Spielberger's STAI-KYZ questionnaires were applied twice to measure preoperative and intra-operative anxiety. The data were analyzed by 2-test, t-test, one-way ANCOVA and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS 12.0/PC+. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups on vital signs. All of the vital signs increased when the subjects arrived in the operating room, but decreased quickly once the operation began, regardless of the groups. However, the music group reported significantly less intra-operative anxiety, compared to the non-music group (F=15.208, p<.000), when preoperative anxiety was treated as a covariance. Conclusion: The findings support that the use of music which was chosen by patients during the surgery significantly reduced patient's intra-operative anxiety during regional anesthesia.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.38-50
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• 2008

The site-specific seismic responses and corresponding seismic hazards are influenced mainly by the subsurface geologic and geotechnical dynamic characteristics. To estimate reliably the seismic responses in this study, a geotechnical information system (GTIS) within GIS framework was developed by introducing new concepts, which consist of the extended area containing the study area and the additional site visit for acquiring surface geo-knowledge data. The GIS-based GTIS was built for Gyeongju area, which has records of abundant historical seismic hazards reflecting the high potential of future earthquakes. At the study area, Gyeongju, intensive site investigations and pre-existing geotechnical data collections were performed and the site visits were additionally carried out for assessing geotechnical characteristics and shear wave velocity ($V_S$) representing dynamic property. Within the GTIS for Gyeongju area, the spatially distributed geotechnical layers and $V_S$ in the entire study area were reliably predicted from the site investigation data using the geostatistical kriging method. Based on the spatial geotechnical layers and $V_S$ predicted within the GTIS, a seismic zoning map on site period ($T_G$) from which the site-specific seismic responses according to the site effects can be estimated was created across the study area of Gyeongju. The spatial $T_G$ map at Gyeongju indicated seismic vulnerability of two- to five-storied buildings. In this study, the seismic zonation based on $T_G$ within the GIS-based GTIS was presented as regional efficient strategy for seismic hazard prediction and mitigation.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.59-67
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• 2007

The working environment of DTP tends to increase from Macintosh to MS Windows in Korea because of being developed exclusively cross-platformed applications. Base of this change is not related to spread of using PDF. Recently, it's cause of falling into dilemma in Prepress. It's due that operators in Prepress don't have correctly understanding about differences and features between Postscript and PDF. This paper tried to search a way to solve problems via changing circumstance in operating Postscript and PDF.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.185-195
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examines the factors affecting patient-centered nursing among regional public hospital nurses, with a focus on communications, professionalism, organizational culture, and teamwork. Methods: We included 162 nurses working at five regional public hospitals in G province. Data were collected from October 7 through October 19, 2019 using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test or ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis using SPSS (Version 24.0). Results: The factors affecting patient-centered nursing included an innovation-oriented culture, working in an intensive care unit, hierarchy-oriented culture, and nursing professionalism. These variables explained 43% of patient-centered nursing. Conclusions: These results suggest that enhancing an innovation-oriented culture is necessary for patient-centered nursing and to improve nurses' awareness about the importance of patient-centered nursing. Moreover, organizational efforts are required to increase nurses' professionalism through suitable educational programs in regional public hospitals.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.57-67
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• 2015

Purpose: As the concerns for the environment are gradually prioritized, increasing interests of environment-friendly buildings are drawn. Numerous researches about healthcare buildings have been performed however, they were mainly focused on convenience or healing condition for medical treatments. The hospitals consume energy and generate $CO_2$ as twice as the residential or commercial buildings do. Various green building certification systems are globally arranged. But, it isn't easy to find certification criteria for the green hospital besides the US and UK's ones which are specially designed to evaluate environment-friendly medical buildings(Lim&Yoo, 2010). Methods: In this study, we investigates current conditions of Tokyo Regional hospitals in environment-friendly standpoint and also investigates the foreign certification criteria and systems for the green healthcare building and finds the possibility to apply them to Korean one. Results: Through this study, we found that the Tokyo regional hospitals can be environmentally improved by management plans and programs. Implications: Based on this analysis, Korean Green Building Certification for healthcare facilities will be developed in near future.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.129-140
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• 2012

This paper presents, from a broad perspective, the manner in which various types of clusters and options for regional development have evolved in Korea over the past decade, with particular emphasis on who have taken initiative in establishing the clusters. Characterized by not only progress but also setbacks, two distinctive patterns have emerged: centralized de-concentration and regionalized concentration. Both the Korean government and numerous localities have continuously extended efforts to create different clusters, technology parks, special districts, etc. In many cases, local or regional governments have competed intensely for clusters to be located in their jurisdictions; in particular, concerted efforts to convince national governments to set up special districts have been witnessed. On the other hand, major localities have made their own efforts to generate large- and small-scale clustering projects. It remains to be seen how different outcomes or effectiveness these two approaches will make in the future. Following the review of relevant literature and practices, I examine the well-known national campaign and projects in the previous administration in Korea in the context of 'de-concentration' of economic values and resources. Thereafter, other cases initiated mostly by local governments are discussed; some of these clustering efforts and regional projects have fared well thus far, but some haven't. In the case of Daegu, the progress of some critical projects, such as the Daegu Technopolis and a Free Economic Zone, is elaborated.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 2013

Vitis amurensis Rupreche, a sort of grape, grows naturally in Asian countries. It is known for important biological effects such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation, neuroprotection, and angiogenesis inhibition. Although its root is used as a traditional folk medicine in Korea, the root's biological activities are poorly studied. In the present study, the effects of V. amurensis root methanol extract (VARM) and its solvent fractions on adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were investigated. The VARM significantly suppressed adipocyte differentiation, lipid accumulation, and the triglyceride (TG) content of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a dose-dependent manner, without cytotoxicity. To identify active molecules, the VARM was fractionated with a series of organic solvents including dichloromethane ($CH_2Cl_2$), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butanol (n-BuOH). All the fractions also showed inhibition of lipid accumulation in the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. The $CH_2Cl_2$ fraction showed the most powerful anti-obesity effect through the modulation of cytidine-cytidine-adenosine-adenosinethymidine (CCAAT)/enhancer binding protein ${\alpha}$ ($C/EBP{\alpha}$), $C/EBP{\beta}$, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$ ($PPAR{\gamma}$) gene and protein expression. Oleanolic acid was one of the main active compounds involved in the anti-obesity activity of the V. amurensis root. These results provide important new insight into the potential potent anti-adipogenic effect of the V. amurensis root and illustrate that one of the main compounds involved in this effect is oleanolic acid.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.579-590
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Petasites japonicus Maxim (P. japonicus) has been used as an edible and medicinal plant and contains many bioactive compounds. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of P. japonicus on osteogenesis. MATERIALS/METHODS: The leaves and stems of P. japonicus were separated and extracted with hot water or ethanol, respectively. The total phenolic compound and total polyphenol contents of each extract were measured, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of each extract was evaluated to determine their effect on bone metabolism. To investigate the effect on osteoblast differentiation of the aqueous extract of P. japonicus leaves (AL), which produced the highest ALP activity among the tested extracts, collagen content was measured using the Sirius Red staining method, mineralization using the Alizarin Red S staining method, and osteocalcin production through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis. Also, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to investigate the mRNA expression levels of Runt-related transcriptional factor 2 (Runx2) and Osterix. RESULTS: Among the 4 P. japonicus extracts, AL had the highest values in all of the following measures: total phenolic compounds, total polyphenols, and ALP activity, which is a major biomarker of osteoblast differentiation. The AL-treated MC3T3-E1 cells showed significant increases in induced osteoblast differentiation, collagen synthesis, mineralization, and osteocalcin production. In addition, mRNA expressions of Runx2 and Osterix, transcription factors that regulate osteoblast differentiation, were significantly increased. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that AL can regulate osteoblasts differentiation, at least in part through Runx2 and Osterix. Therefore, it is highly likely that P. japonicus will be useful as an alternate therapeutic for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.