• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.153-168
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• 2002

Since 1992, conventional fire fighting businesses have been converted into a metropolitan autonomous fire fighting system to be ready for a variety of disasters. However, the corresponding investment has been overlapped due to the non-integration of businesses to prevent any potential disasters, and a series of collaborative systems have been not functioning so well. In the meantime, our fire fighting sector has been trying to set up its own clean and faithful position by abolishing any inconvenient system or outsourcing private sectors, and expanded its work scope from conventional fire fighting even to rescue and emergency works. While focusing on handling disaster, the fire fighting sector has been widely trusted and reliable throughtout our nation. Moreover, our fire fighting sector has secured nation wide mobile organizations, technical personnel by field, special equipments and independent communication network. In addition, the fire fighting sector has knowledges, expertise and capabilities required for managing disasters, while in charge of almost every disaster management works including fire, explosion, collapse, disaster and flood. It becomes an organization for comprehensive disaster management under an absolute national trust, which is based on the system for prevention, preparation and countermeasure against a variety of disasters. Thus, our fire fighting sector must make many efforts and try to modernize conventional education and training. The ways to facilitate rescue and emergency works may include the nurture of technical fire fighting personnel along with modernized equipments, the reinforcement of rescue and emergency education, the facilitation of operating civil defense corps, the facilitation of operating volunteer fire fighting corps, the better arrangement of 119 briefing room for public healthcare in provincial offices, the sterilization of rescue instruments and equipments the better repair education for emergency rescue member, the establishment of regional emergency assistant system and the expansion of fire fighting personnel and equipments. In terms of reinforcing the functions and services of rescue 119 and emergency corps, we must review the following considerations: Building up security system along with operational expansion, building up a system for emergency medical treatment, building up a comprehensive information management system for rescue and emergency, constructing a provincial safety museum and so forth. For the ways to better the works of rescue 119 we can review the following considerations : Improving the education for fire fighting training corps under Jeju Provincial Fire and Disaster Management Department, providing rescue members with more opportunities for clinical practices, enhancing the morale of rescue members, installing a comprehensive briefing room for emergency rescue members, building up medical networks along with reasonable policies for information service, operating the consulting system for rescue 119 and so on. If these requirements are met, it is expected that the fire fighting departments in Jeju province can cope with every accident and disaster a little more rapidly and quickly in compliance with local needs, so that they can keep their own position as a public fire fighting organization which may be trusted by the public.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.349-353
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• 2003

최근 관심이 증대되고 있는 국토모니터링과 관련하여 기존의 SPOT, IRS, KOMPSAT, LANDSAT 등의 중ㆍ저해상도 위성영상과 IKONOS 등의 고해상도 위성영상을 이용하여 국토의 변화를 탐지하고자 하는 시도가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이 때 영상의 기하보정은 필수적인 과정이며 영상의 기하보정시 기준점을 취득하는 과정에 많은 시간과 작업비용이 소요된다. 현재 기준점 취득은 수치지도 등을 통해 기존의 지상기준점을 이용하는 방법과 GPS를 이용한 현지 측량방법이 활용되고 있는데 동일지역에 대해 매번 사업 때마다 수행되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 이러한 과정을 보다 효율적으로 수행하기 위한 하나의 방안으로 본 연구에서는 image chip을 이용하여 GCP를 취득하고 이를 데이터베이스로 구축하여 기존의 작업을 자동화, 체계화하고자 하였다. 이를 통하여 중복측량 방지와 데이터의 균질성을 기할 수 있었다. Image Chip의 영상 정합을 위해서는 상관계수법과 최소제곱정합법을 이용하여 부영상소 단위까지 정합결과를 얻을 수 있었으며 위성의 header 정보로부터의 영상의 표정각과 입사각에 대한 정보를 이용하여 축척과 회전요소를 고려함으로써 영상 정합시 보다 정확한 기준점 정보를 취득할 수 있었다. 또한, 이종 센서간 영상정합 가능성에 대해서 연구한 결과 KOMPSAT과 SPOT간에는 신뢰할 만한 수준의 정합 결과를 얻을 수 있었으나 고해상도 영상의 경우에는 항공사진과 IKONOS의 영상 정합시 센서의 방사학적 특성의 차이로 신뢰할 안한 결과를 얻을 수 없었다. 영상 정합시 정확도에 영향을 미치는 인자들에 관한 실험 결과 센서의 파장, 계절, Chip 영상의 크기 등이 큰 영향을 미쳤으며 영상정합을 위해 영상 GCP를 데이터베이스에서 검색할 때 이에 대한 고려가 우선적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.n of hub-and-spoke system, integration of logistics bases, introduction of (automatic) parking building, diversification of transportation mode, and etc. At the same time, we constructed three practically executable scenarios based on those ideas. The first is "Center Hub" scenario, the second is "Metropolitan Hub" scenario. The third and last scenario is "Regional Consolidation of Warehouses (distribution centers)".f worldly desire' and 'cordiality' that one could be deserved his diligency becoming a part of the harmonious idealistic living place. Fourthly, on the character of story teller. Originally he is a incomer of "Gang-Ho" from real world. so that reason, he is showing dualism not to deny the loyalty oath to his king, while he intends to satisfy with the life in "Gang- Ho" separating himself from real world. As a gentry, at that time, the loyalty oath is inevitable one and that is found from wr

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.57-65
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• 2009

Selection of good mineralized area is a combination of the integration of all the available geo-scientific (i.e., geological, geochemical, and geophysical) information, extrapolation of likely features from known mineralized terrenes and the ability to be predictive. The time-space relationships of the hydrothermal deposits in the East Asia are closely related to the changing plate motions. Also, two distinctive hydrothermal systems during Mesozoic occurred in Korea: the Jurassic/Early Cretaceous deep-level ones during the Daebo orogeny and the Late Cretaceous/Tertiary shallow geothermal ones during the Bulguksa event. Both the Mesozoic geothermal system and the mineralization document a close spatial and temporal relationship with syn- to post-tectonic magmatism. The Jurassic mineral deposits were formed at the relatively high temperature and deep-crustal level from the mineralizing fluids characterized by the relatively homogeneous and similar ranges of ${\delta}^{18}O$ values, suggesting that ore-forming fluids were principally derived from spatially associated Jurassic granitoid and related pegmatite. Most of the Jurassic auriferous deposits (ca. 165-145 Ma) show fluid characteristics typical of an orogenic-type gold deposits, and were probably generated in a compressional to transpressional regime caused by an orthogonal to oblique convergence of the Izanagi Plate into the East Asian continental margin. On the other hand, Late Cretaceous ferroalloy, base-metal and precious-metal deposits in the Taebaeksan, Okcheon and Gyeongsang basins occurred as vein, replacement, breccia-pipe, porphyry-style and skarn deposits. Diverse mineralization styles represent a spatial and temporal distinction between the proximal environment of sub-volcanic activity and the distal to transitional condition derived from volcanic environments. However, Cu (-Au) or Fe-Mo-W deposits are proximal to a magmatic source, whereas polymetallic or precious-metal deposits are more distal to transitional. Strike-slip faults and caldera-related fractures together with sub-volcanic activity are associated with major faults reactivated by a northward (oblique) to northwestward (orthogonal) convergence, and have played an important role in the formation of the Cretaceous Au-Ag lode deposits (ca. 110-45 Ma) under a continental arc setting. The temporal and spatial distinctions between the two typical Mesozoic deposit styles in Korea reflect a different thermal episodes (i.e., late orogenic and post-orogenic) and ore-forming fluids related to different depths of emplacement of magma (i.e., plutonic and sub-volcanic) due to regional changes in tectonic settings.

• Atmosphere
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.541-554
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• 2014

Historical, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios from HadGEM2-AO are dynamically downscaled over the northeast East Asia with WRFV3.4. The horizontal resolution of the produced data is 12.5 km and the periods of integration are 1979~2010 for historical and 2019~2100 for both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. We analyze the time series, climatology, EOF and extreme climate in terms of 2 m-temperature and precipitation during 30-year for the Historical (1981~2010) and RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 (2071~2100) scenarios. According to the result, the temperature of the northeast Asia centered at the Korean Peninsula increase 2.9 and $4.6^{\circ}C$ in the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively, by the end of the 21st century. The temperature increases with latitude and the increase is larger in winter rather than in summer. The annual mean precipitation is expected to increase by about $0.3mm\;day^{-1}$ in RCP4.5 scenario and $0.5mm\;day^{-1}$ in RCP8.5 scenario. The EOF analysis is also performed for both temperature and precipitation. For temperature, the EOF $1^{st}$ modes of all scenarios in summer and winter show that temperature increase with latitude. The $2^{nd}$ mode of EOF of each scenario shows the natural variability, exclusive of the global warming. The summer precipitation over the Korean Peninsula projected increases in EOF $1^{st}$ modes of all scenarios. For extreme climate, the increment of the number of days with daily maximum temperature above $30^{\circ}C$ per year ($DAY_{TX30}$) is 25.3 and 49.7 days in RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 respectively over the Korean Peninsula. The number of days with daily precipitation above $20mm\;day^{-1}$ per year ($DAY_{PR20}$) also increases 3.1 and 3.5 days in RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 respectively.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.156-163
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• 2015

This paper presents a new framework for design and economic evaluation of wind energy-based electricity supply system. We propose a network optimization (mixed-integer linear programming) model to design the underlying energy supply system. In this model we include practical constraints such as land limitations of onshore wind farms and different costs of offshore wind farms to minimize the total annual cost. Based upon the model, we also analyze the sensitivity of the total annual cost on the change of key parameters such as available land for offshore wind farms, required area of a wind turbine and the unit price of wind turbines. We illustrate the applicability of the suggested model by applying to the problem of design of a wind turbines-based electricity supply problem in Jeju. As a result of this study, we identified the major cost-drivers and the regional cost distribution of the proposed system. We also comparatively analyzed the economic performance of on/off shore wind farms in wind energy-based electricity supply system of Jeju.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.111-145
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• 2003

This paper attempts to explore recent socio-demographic changes of the ethnic Korean population in Yanbian autonomous prefecture. Due to rapid decrease in the level of fertility and population ageing, Korean minority society in China has been in a process of profound transition after the introduction of the market economy and establishment of diplomatic relations between South Korea and China. The changes in demographic behaviors and in the structure of population appear to be much faster among Koreans than Hans. Results from the 2000 population census reveal that the Korean population in Yanbian, where ethnic Koreans are most densely populated in China, has been in a decreasing trends in absolute numbers and in its proportion to the total population. The growing tendency of regional mobility for work and for marriage, rapid expansion of residential areas, serious crisis of ethnic schools of Korean community, and weakening social integration and ethnic identification of Koreans in Yanbian are discussed in this study. It is expected that socio-demographic transition of Korean society in Yanbian will be even more drastic over the coming decades. The rapid changes in demographic behaviors and in the structure of population has major consequences and implications for every sphere of human life, and will present enormous challenges for the status of Korean minority society in China. Along with various statistical data on Yanbian, micro-level data as well as published reports from the 1990 Chinese population census for Yanbian and the 2000 Chinese population census are analyzed in this study. In addition to sex ratios and age ratios, various indices are calculated to analyze the characteristics and accuracy of the data from the 1990 and 2000 population censuses of China.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.217-240
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• 2015

This paper uses the modified gravity model of international trade to examine the impact of ODA on the export of Korea to 28 aid recipients. In this perspective, the study includes recipient's economic size, trade openness, population, donor's scale of aid and distance between them as key determinants of the export of Korea by using panel data over the period of 2005-2012. To do this task, important econometric methods are fulfilled to test the model adequately, such as panel unit root and panel co-integration test. In addition, the study incorporated the panel OLS, panel GLM and panel EGLS methods. The empirical analysis clearly showed that an increase in Korea's ODA promotes its own exports. The coefficients of recipients's per capita GDP, population and trade openness have a positive impact on Korea's export respectively, while distance between them has a negative impact. Regarding regional dummy variables, aid for the region of Africa and America have a negative impact on Korea's export. Overall, the main implication of this study is that even if it emphasized Korea's economic interests as determinants of ODA disbursements, but it also suggests that an improvement of recipient's economic development, income distribution and educational environment can be an important concern in the future.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.151-163
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• 2004

This study aims to develop a standard protocol by which users can exchange data information efficiently between KOSDIC and GIS. The ultimate goal from this study is to propose a data exchange format using KOSIC. The background of this study is that GIS industry sector is vigorously developing linked to spatial information construction such as UIS, LIS, EIS, AM/FM through supporting by regional government institution. According to do, the format of data transformation becomes major issue. GIS data can easily transfer to CAD version but when CAD data convert to GIS format (DWG->DXF->SHP) cannot get high success rate due to errors and problems. In addition, CAD data feature is made from oriental structure which is made of point and line faeture so that GIS system is impossible to data transformation. In the reason, the biggest problem is discordance of symbolization in integration and standard of data format. By investigation the usability of this study, conclusion are drawn efficient alternative plan in data transformation. Though this wort we will be able to provide a better transformation of data conversion between CAD format and GIS format. Accordingly, it is of important to enrich the integrated construction information infrastructure, which accommodates ever-changing constructions environment.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.21-33
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• 2013

Weight of evidence model was applied for potential mapping of mountainous wetland to reduce the range of the field survey and to increase the efficiency of operations because the surveys of mountainous wetland need a lot of time and money owing to inaccessibility and extensiveness. The relationship between mountainous wetland location and related factors is expressed as a probability by Weight of evidence model. For this, the spatial database consist of slope map, curvature map, vegetation index map, wetness index map, soil drainage rating map was constructed in Yeongnam area, Korea, and weights of evidence based on the relationship between mountainous wetland location and each factor rating were calculated. As a result of correlation analysis between mountainous wetland location and each factors rating using likelihood ratio values, the probability of mountainous wetlands were increased at condition of lower slope, lower curvature, lower vegetation index value, lower wetness value, moderate soil drainage rating. Mountainous Wetland Potential Index(MWPI) was calculated by summation of the likelihood ratio and mountainous wetland potential map was constucted from GIS integration. The mountain wetland potential map was verified by comparison with the known mountainous wetland locations. The result showed the 75.48% in prediction accuracy.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.13-32
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• 2021

Rapid urbanization has resulted in the unprecedented growth of population in Metro Manila, the Philippines and has led to a 'dual' housing crisis - vacant/unoccupied socialized housing and a chronic housing shortage or delayed housing supply. By developing two GIS-based statistical models, this study is to examine socialized housing in comparison with private housing with respect to location patterns, integration, accessibility, social and economic aspects, and vulnerability to environmental hazards. Multiple regression analysis was integrated with the GIS to identify significant variables that influence the spatial distribution of socialized housing. The comparison between the two regression models has shown that socialized housing is located in areas with inappropriate land use and poor accessibility to transportation facilities and built urban resources. Moreover, both regression models have proven the statistical significance of the vulnerability of socialized housing to environmental hazards. The finding explains how the current housing policies do not address the country's housing crisis, especially for the marginalized and low-income households. Thus, the findings provide implications for urban planners and local decision-makers in reforming the current policy interventions.