Land and Housing Review (토지주택연구)

Land and Housing Research Institute (한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원)
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Comparative Spatial Analysis Between Inner-City Socialized Housing and Private Housing Developments in Metro Manila, the Philippines

  • Flores, Diane Angeline (Department of Urban Planning & Design, The University of Seoul) ;
  • Jang, Seongman (Department of Urban & Regional Development, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Lee, Seungil (Department of Urban Planning & Design, The University of Seoul)
  • Received : 2021.06.15
  • Accepted : 2021.07.10
  • Published : 2021.07.30
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Abstract

Rapid urbanization has resulted in the unprecedented growth of population in Metro Manila, the Philippines and has led to a 'dual' housing crisis - vacant/unoccupied socialized housing and a chronic housing shortage or delayed housing supply. By developing two GIS-based statistical models, this study is to examine socialized housing in comparison with private housing with respect to location patterns, integration, accessibility, social and economic aspects, and vulnerability to environmental hazards. Multiple regression analysis was integrated with the GIS to identify significant variables that influence the spatial distribution of socialized housing. The comparison between the two regression models has shown that socialized housing is located in areas with inappropriate land use and poor accessibility to transportation facilities and built urban resources. Moreover, both regression models have proven the statistical significance of the vulnerability of socialized housing to environmental hazards. The finding explains how the current housing policies do not address the country's housing crisis, especially for the marginalized and low-income households. Thus, the findings provide implications for urban planners and local decision-makers in reforming the current policy interventions.

필리핀 마닐라의 급속한 도시화는 유래 없는 인구성장을 가져왔고, 이는 국가 전체에 이중적 주택문제 즉 공영주택의 공실과 부족 현상을 동시에 초래하였다. 이 연구의 목적은 GIS 기반의 2개 통계모형을 개발하여 접근성, 사회·경제요인, 환경재난의 취약성 등 사이의 관계성을 기준으로 일반주택과 비교하여 공영주택의 공간분포 특성을 파악하는데 있다. 이 연구에서는 공간분석을 위해 다중회귀모형과 GIS를 연계시켜 공영주택과 일반주택의 공간분포에 영향을 미치는 주요 변수를 각각 확인하였다. 2개 회귀모형의 분석결과를 비교하였더니, 공영주택은 부적절한 토지이용에 교통과 도시지원시설에의 접근성이 열악한 곳에 분포하여 입지하고 있음을 확인하였다. 나아가 2개의 모형 모두 환경재난 취약성을 매우 중요하게 설명하였다. 이는 현재 주택정책이 국가의 주택 위기상황, 특히 소외된 저소득층 가구의 주택문제를 해소하지 못하는 이유를 밝히고 있다. 그러므로 이들 모형의 적용결과는 도시계획가와 지자체 의사결정자로 하여금 주택부문의 발전을 목적으로 수행 중인 현재의 정책 개입을 혁신적으로 개선해야 함을 시사점으로 제공한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문 또는 저서는 2017년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(NRF-2017R1D1A1B03029464).

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