The study, using the input-output analysis of 402 industrial sectors by Bank of Korea(BOK) and the resulting outcomes of price model, aims to evaluate the spillover effects the international fluctuations in crude oil prices have on the commodities prices and consequently, analyse the management and profitability of the offshore fisheries in Korea. At present, the fisher men are provided with tax-free oils for their fishing operations as specified under the Special Tax Treatment Control Law. However, the exhaustion of marine resources and new international fisheries agreements, which resulted in the loss of fishing grounds, made the stable catch even more unpredictable and the hike in the price of the international crude oil would have adverse effects on the fishing industry. The study revealed that the increasing rise in the price of crude oil would exert sweeping spillover effects on other industry sectors in general and accordingly, lead to a poorer performance by fisheries. The price spillover coefficients for the diesel oil was 0.6026, which would translate into the 42.6% increase in the prices of oil when the increase ratio of 73.3% for the base crude oil was applied based on the calculation methods employed in the study. This in turn increased the ratio of diesel oil required in the offshore fisheries from 23.3% to 16.6%, diminishing the ratio of current net profits to minus 2.0% from 4.2% otherwise. By fishing type, the Pair Trawl suffered current net profits loss most by ratio of minus 9.4% and other fisheries such as Coastal Stow Nets, Coastal Angling, Danish Sein also suffered ratio of 7% and more in the loss of current net profits. With the deteriorating fishing performance, coupled with the increasing international crude oil prices, it is urgently required that the authorities concerned deliberate in depth on such schemes as follows in efforts to secure stable fishing production. First, provision of large-scale storage facilities for oil is needed to timely adapt to the fluctuations in international crude oil prices. Secondly, in line with the stabilization of tax-free oil prices, duty levied on oils for fishing and tax collected from the refineries need to be tax-exempt. Thirdly, the beneficiaries from the provision of tax-free oil should be broadened, not limited to special fishing operation only. Fourth, investment in stabilization of the oil prices should be encouraged, possibly through funding from the formation of fisheries development funds underway.
In order to investigate the pollution potential of soils after the construction of Onsan Industrial Complex(non-ferrous metal refineries), concentrations of hazardous heavy metals were analyzed for soil samples collected from paddy, upland, orchard and forest soils around the Complex during the period of March 1978 to May 1979. The results are summarized as follows. 1) The concentrations of heavy metals (air-dry basis) for cultivated soil samples from 46 sites were obtained in the range of trace-9.3 ppm As, trace-0.6 ppm Cd, 4${\sim}$22 ppm Cu, trace-0.37 ppm Hg, 6${\sim}$43 ppm Pb and 27${\sim}$93 ppm Zn, which were regarded as non-polluted when compared with the whole Korea data for non-polluted paddy soils. 2) When the heavy metal concentrations were compared with respect to paddy, upland and orchard soils, no significant difference was observed in As, Cd, Cu and Zn whereas significant difference was observed in Hg and Pb. When they were compared with respect to region surrounding the Complex, no significant difference was observed in As, Cd, Hg whereas significant difference was observed in Cu and Pb. 3) Soil samples from several sites near Korea Zinc Refinery were contaminated with Cd, Pb and Zn, due to the accidental emission during its testing operation. Any further contamination was not observed after regular operation of the Refinery.
Most oil refineries and chemical plants have flare systems designed to mitigate pressure rises in process facilities in case of emergencies that require the release of large amounts of gas due to sudden process shutdowns such as power outages. However, the rise of the flame of the flare system causes civil complaints from residents around the factory due to visible pollution, and economic loss occurs in the company, which requires constant management. In this study, two items were diagnosed and analyzed in order to derive the optimal operation method of flare system. First, to detect the cause of the rise in flame height, the acoustic leak detector was used to check gas leaks in safety valves and pressure control valves. Second, to identify the cause of flame instability, the pulsation phenomenon was diagnosed through the CFD simulation and modeling experiments of the sealing drum. By confirming the leak at 4.3% of the safety valve and 10% of the pressure control valve, the cause of abnormal sparking was derived. The information presented in this study can be easily applied to any company that has a flare system, and is expected to prevent complaints and product loss.
Among the currently available binder specifications, Superpave Performance Grade asphalt specification is regarded as a superior specification on its theoretical background as well as pavement performance relationship. Many difficulties are expected; however, for Superpave implementation in Korea because of heavy burden of equipment cost as well as lack of trained personnel in asphalt industry, which may too much barrier to overcome in Korean situation. As an effort to improve qualify of asphalt binder, recently, people discuss about a possibility of constituting a performance-based asphalt specification using rather easy-to-measure asphalt properties. The objective of this paper is to determine the possibility of constituting a performance-based asphalt specification using an empirical asphalt properties, such as penetration ring and ball softening point rather than using fundamental properties of asphalt. Nine straight asphalts, that covers entire straight asphalt from all Korean refineries, and eighteen modified asphalts that were modified from two modifiers were included in the study. An analysis was made through a comparison between empirical properties and Superpave PG criteria. This study concluded that it may possible to constitute a pseudo-Superpave-like specification using an empirical asphalt properties as a specification criteria. Therefore, more systematic research is needed to constitute the asphalt specification.
With increasing uncertainty of energy market in the world, the policies for the energy resource security have become crucial Several countries with poor energy resource like Netherlands and Singapore have pursued the policy for becoming an oil hub in the region. Singapore has been an oil hub in East Asia for a long time not only because it is well located with a large number of countries exporting and importing oil but it has also pursued strong policies to become an oil hub while establishing favourable institutional, regulatory and business environment for accommodating major refineries and petro-chemical companies. However with growing trading volume of petroleum products in Northeast Asia and a record high price of oil in these days, the necessities of another oil hub in the region are considered in order to reap benefits of the security of economical and stable oil. South Korea is situated astride the main North Pacific shipping route, with deep water ports and proximity to Chinese and Japanese industrial centres that make tank terminal operators Ideal choices for the oil hub in Northeast Asia although it has several disadvantages such as lack of independent storage facilities, underdeveloped oil trading market and unfavourable business friendly climates etc. This study is focused on examining the globalization strategies of tank terminal operators such as Vopak, Oiltanking and Odfjell in order to suggest the policy implications for becoming an oil tub in Northeast Asia.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
/
v.18
no.2
/
pp.472-477
/
2017
Oil spills cause a lot of damage to the environment. Oil destroys the water environment and ecosystem in a very short period of time once they are contaminated by it, it takes a lot of time to recover from the contamination and the cleaning process is very difficult. Therefore, oil detectors are greatly needed as they can monitor any oil spills over the sea, rivers, and lakes. There are two kinds of technology available for detecting oil, viz. the contact and non-contact types. The former is based on the use of the conductivity, capacitance and microwaves, while the latter employs infrared, UV, laser, optic and radar technologies. As there are also various hurdles in the measuring of oil on water, such as the presence of waves, refraction of light, temperature and saltiness, it is imperative to select the right oil detector which is appropriate for the specific environment. In this study, a contact type oil detector is developed, which can be used in oil related industries, such as refineries, petrochemical companies, and power generation stations. The detector is made up of the sensor module, which floats on the water, and the controller which processes the signal coming from the sensor module and displays it. It is designed in such a way that the existence of oil is detected through the sensor and the change in the permittivity is observed to determine the volume and type of spilled oil.
The earth has been warming due to $CO_2$ gas emissions from fossil fuel cars and a ship. So the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle(FCV) using hydrogen as a fossil fuel alternative energy is in the spotlight. Hyundai Motor Company of Korea and a car companies of the US, Japan, Germany is developing a FCV a competitive. Obtained hydrogen as a by-product of the coke plant, oil refineries, chemical plants of steel mill, coal is reacted with steam at high temperatures, methane gas, manufacture of high purity hydrogen Methane Steam Reforming and hydrogen detachable reforming method using the Pressure Swing Adsorption or Membrane Reforming technical or decomposition of water to produce electricity. Hydrogen is the electronic industry, metal and chemical industries, which are used as rocket fuel, etc. are used in factories, hospitals, home of the fuel Ene.Farm system or FCV. And a method of storing hydrogen is to store liquid hydrogen and a method for compressing normal hydrogen to the hydrogen container, by storing the latest hydride or Organic chemical hydride method is used to carry the hydrogen station. Korea is currently 13 hydrogen stations in place and in operation, plans to install a further 43 places.
Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
/
v.35
no.4
/
pp.1327-1337
/
2018
Aviation fuel oil is more strictly controlled than other transport fuels because it can lead to major accidents in the event of a problem. The quality standards of the aircraft are specified by the domestic Korean Standard, the American Society for Testing and Materials and the International Air Transport Association, respectively. From 2016 to 2017, the quality analysis of 6 items such as aromatic content, sulfur content and distillation characteristics was carried out on the jet fuel produced at five domestic refineries. Domestic production of jet fuel has been shown to be in conformity with the quality standards and has been maintained at a constant level throughout the year. Compared with the specification of ASTM and IATA the aromatic content of domestic KS specification is set to be strictly 1.5 wt% higher than the ASTM and IATA setting specification, but it satisfies this specification sufficiently. In addition, other items such as sulfur content, distillation property and flash point satisfied both domestic and international specification.
Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
/
v.25
no.1
/
pp.1-8
/
2019
In December 2017, many collision accidents of small vessels, such as those between oil refineries and fishing boats, occurred near Yeonghung-do in Incheon. In order to prevent marine casualties from small vessels, the government is striving to improve the safety capabilities of ship operators by strengthening education and improving the working environment. They are providing education and refining training regulations for fishermen operating vessels under 5 tons. However, the situation includes certain vulnerabilities. In this study, we propose a collision prevention algorithm for small vessels using the Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) communication system, which is a new communication technique to prevent collisions with small ships. The collision avoidance algorithm used is based on DCPA/TCPA. Research analyses, simulation experiments and questionnaires have been conducted to define the criteria of DCPA/TCPA. As a result, the standard for DCPA was $8(L_a+L_b)$ and for TCPA was 2.5 min. Three different accident cases were selected, and this algorithm was applied to confirm alarm responses at certain times. This algorithm can provide information to the operators of small ships in advance to help them recognize potential collision situations.
The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
/
v.7
no.3
/
pp.545-552
/
2021
Under the Act amended on August 4, 2011, a special fire-fighting investigation was conducted by the relevant person (owner, manager, oil refineries), and the responsibility was also given to the relevant person. Instead of directly entering all existing fire-fighting targets and investigating the maintenance and management status of fire-fighting facilities, the fire-fighting agency selects and visits some targets every year, checks the maintenance and management status of fire-fighting facilities, corrects them, and imposes fines, etc. Reasons for the introduction of the system were the establishment of a private autonomous correction system by strengthening the responsibility of officials, lack of firefighting professionals, possible corruption due to frequent public contact, and responsibility of fire agencies. However, many problems arose even after the introduction of a special fire investigation system. A special fire investigation, one of the fire safety systems, checks whether related public officials and especially fire officials are properly installed, maintained and managed in accordance with relevant laws. Special firefighting investigations were introduced as firefighting inspections at the time the firefighting law was enacted in 1958, and have undergone a revised process more than 30 times until recently. Firefighting Facility Installation, Maintenance and Safety Management Act", the existing firefighting inspection was changed to a special firefighting investigation and accepted. At the time of enactment of the Fire Service Act in 1958, a special firefighting investigation was introduced as a firefighting inspection, and until recently, more than 30 revisions have been made. In 2003, as the existing fire fighting system was divided into four laws, it was approved by changing the existing fire fighting inspection to a special fire fighting investigation in the "Fire Fighting Facility Installation, Maintenance and Safety Management Act".
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.