• 유통과학연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2020

Purpose: In this paper, we provide an illustration of Indonesian youth Social Networking Service (SNS) behavior and its relation to their culinary activity. Specifically, their behavior of culinary activity preferences and also the factors affecting their action of spending their money. Data and methodology: We gathered primary data from stratified random questionnaire survey (406 youth). The gathered data was analyzed using text data mining and statistics using R statistical computing language. Results: 1) We found out why our respondents are interested in following the accounts of SNS food influencers: i.e. visually attracted to the posts, as their reference to find places to dine out, as their reference to try new food menu and to get nostalgic feeling about the food. 2) The respondents decide to actually go to the recommended culinary places because of several factors, specifically, its description (visual and text), location, word of mouth (WoM), the experience of being to that place and price. 3) Important factors affecting culinary spent are income, number of following food influencer account, SNS usage time and their interest when looking at WoM. Conclusions: SNS behavior influences Indonesian youth culinary activity preferences and spent.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.285-297
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• 2017

This study proposed a new approach to develop an Intelligent control algorithm for cooperative working of human and robot based on voice recognition. In general case of speaker verification, Gaussian Mixture Model is used to model the feature vectors of reference speech signals. On the other hand, Dynamic Time Warping based template matching techniques were presented for the voice recognition about several years ago. We converge these two different concepts in a single method and then implement in a real time voice recognition enough to make reference model to satisfy 95% of recognition performance. In this paper it was illustrated the reliability of voice recognition by simulation and experiments for humanoid robot with 18 joints.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 2017년도 제29회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.281-284
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• 2017

On the basis of studies that show multi-word combinations, that is the field of phraseology, this study aims to examine relationship between the quality of text and phraseological competence in L2 English writing, following Yves Bestegen et al. (2014). Using two different association scores, t-score and Mutual Information(MI), which are opposite ways of measuring phraseological competence, in terms of scoring frequency and infrequency, bigrams from L2 writers' text scored based on a reference corpus, GloWbE (Corpus of Global Web based English). On a cross-sectional approach, we propose that the quality of the essays and the mean MI score of the bigram extracted from YELC, Yonsei English Learner Corpus, correlated to each other. The negative scores of bigrams are also correlated with the quality of the essays in the way that these bigrams are absent from the reference corpus, that is mostly ungrammatical. It indicates that increase in the proportion of the negative scored bigrams debases the quality of essays. The conclusion shows the quality of the essays scored by MI and t-score on cross-sectional approach, and application to teaching method and assessment for second language writing proficiency.

• 한국어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어정보학회 2017년도 제29회 한글및한국어정보처리학술대회
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• pp.281-284
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• 2017

On the basis of studies that show multi-word combinations, that is the field of phraseology, this study aims to examine relationship between the quality of text and phraseological competence in L2 English writing, following Yves Bestegen et al. (2014). Using two different association scores, t-score and Mutual Information(MI), which are opposite ways of measuring phraseological competence, in terms of scoring frequency and infrequency, bigrams from L2 writers' text scored based on a reference corpus, GloWbE (Corpus of Global Web based English). On a cross-sectional approach, we propose that the quality of the essays and the mean MI score of the bigram extracted from YELC, Yonsei English Learner Corpus, correlated to each other. The negative scores of bigrams are also correlated with the quality of the essays in the way that these bigrams are absent from the reference corpus, that is mostly ungrammatical. It indicates that increase in the proportion of the negative scored bigrams debases the quality of essays. The conclusion shows the quality of the essays scored by MI and t-score on cross-sectional approach, and application to teaching method and assessment for second language writing proficiency.

• 아시아태평양코퍼스연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.1-39
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• 2023

Recent research in usage-based Second Language Acquisition has provided new insights into second language (L2) learners' development of formulaic language (Wulff, 2019). The current study examines the use of phrase-frames, which are recurring sequences of words including one or more variable slots (e.g., it is * that), in written and oral production data from Asian learners of English across four proficiency levels (beginner, low-intermediate, high-intermediate, advanced) and native English speakers. The variability, predictability, and discourse functions of the most frequent 4-word phrase-frames from the written essay and spoken dialogue sub-corpora of the International Corpus Network of Asian Learners of English (ICNALE) were analyzed and then compared across groups and modes. The results revealed that while learners' phrase-frames in writing became more variable and unpredictable as proficiency increased, no clear developmental patterns were found in speaking, although all groups used more fixed and predictable phrase-frames than the reference group. Further, no developmental trajectories in the functions of the most frequent phrase-frames were found in both modes. Additionally, lower-level learners and the reference group used more variable phrase-frames in speaking, whereas advanced-level learners showed more variability in writing. This study contributes to a better understanding of the development of L2 phraseological competence.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.209-219
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 핵심어 검출 시스템을 실시간 적용이 가능한 하드웨어로 구현하기 위해 연산량이 적고 구조가 간단한 단일 끝점 DTW 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 일반적 DTW가 양쪽 끝점을 요구하는데 비하여 단지 한쪽 끝점만 필요하므로 이용하기에 편리하며, 국부 검색의 연속이 전역 경로를 이루게 되므로 매우 적은 연산량을 가진다. 그리고, 제안한 단일 끝점 DTW가 보다 나은 성능을 지니도록 하기 위해 새로운 경사 가중치와 거리 측정법을 가지도록 하였다. 이외에도, 단일 끝점 DTW는 특징벡터 정규화를 적용하여 특징벡터 각각의 차원에서 데이터들이 같은 표준편차를 가지게 하며 모든 프레임이 같은 에너지를 가지도록 정규화 되었다 또한, 주어진 학습 패턴들에 클러스터링을 적용한 후, 각 클러스터 내에서 평균을 계산하여 구한 패턴을 해당 핵심어를 대표하는 여러 개의 기준패턴으로 삼았다. 이러한 기준패턴들과 입력 음성의 특징벡터가 이미 정해진 문턱값 보다 작은 거리 내에 있을 때 핵심어는 검출된다. 제안된 알고리즘을 고립단어 음성인식과 핵심어 검출 실험에 적용하여 다른 방법을 이용한 결과보다 성능이 뛰어남을 확인하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.616-631
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• 2015

본 연구는 3세~5세를 대상으로 하는 모바일 AR(Augmented Reality, 증강현실) 기반의 "낱말카드" 교구를 설계 제안하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 동기유발과 몰입도 향상을 목적으로 학습구조를 도출하고, 도출된 학습구조를 적용한 사용자 인터페이스를 설계해 이를 구현한다. 그리고 콘텐츠 제작을 지원하는 콘텐츠 관리도구를 설계하여, 교수자가 여러 학습자의 콘텐츠를 관리하기 용이하도록 제안하고 있다. 이를 위해 관련 연구 분석, 학습자용 AR 유아 언어교육 콘텐츠 설계, 교수자용 AR 유아 언어교육 콘텐츠 관리도구 설계, AR기반 언어학습도구의 효과검증의 4단계로 연구를 진행하였다. 본 연구에서 제안하고 있는 AR 유아 언어 교육 콘텐츠는 몰입도 향상과 동기유발을 위한 학습구조로 설계되었고, AR 교육 콘텐츠 갱신의 어려움을 극복하기 위하여 일반 교수자가 손쉽게 AR 타겟과 교육 내용을 등록 관리할 수 있는 교수자용 AR 콘텐츠 관리 도구를 포함하고 있다. 제안 콘텐츠를 통한 학습 몰입도 향상 검증 및 콘텐츠 설계 확장을 위한 사전 실험으로 3~4세 유아 6명을 대상으로 한 실험 수업을 진행하였다. 실험결과 몰입도 향상 효과를 검증할 수 있었고, 교수자의 설문의견을 통하여 유아를 위한 차별화된 인터랙션의 설계의 필요성을 도출하였다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.39-77
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• 2010

The cinema of Peter Greenaway has consistently engaged questions of the relationship between the arts and particularly the relations of image and writing to cinema. When different types of images are correlated and merged with each other on the borders of painting, photography, film, video and computer animation, the interrelationships of the distinct elements cause a shift in the notion of the whole image. This analysis proposes to articulate the complex relationship between the 'interartial' dimension and the 'intermedial' dimension in Peter Greenaway's film, (1991). If the interartiality is interested in the interaction between various arts, including the transition from one to another, the intermediality articulates the same type of relationship between two or more media. The interactional relationship is the same on both sides; on the contrary, the relationship between art and media does not show the same symmetry. All art is based on one or more media - the media is a condition existence of art - but no art can't be reduced to the status of media. This suggests that if the interartiality always involves the intermediality, this proposal may not be reversed. First, we analyse a self-conscious investigation into digital art and technology. Prosospero's Books can be read as a daring visual essay that self-consciously investigates the technical and philosophical functions of letters, books, images, animated paintings, digital arts, and the other magical illusions, which have been modern or will be post-modern media to represent the world. Greenaway uses both conventional film techniques and the resources of high-definition television to layer image upon image, superimposing a second or third frame within his frame. Greenaway uses the frame-within-frame as the cinematic equivalent of Shakespeare's paly-within-play : it offer him the possibility to analyse the work of art/artist/spectator relationship. Secondly, we analyse the relationship between the written word, oral word and the books. Like the written word, the oral word changes into a visual image: The linguistic richness and nuances of Shakeaspeare's characters turn into the powerful and authoritative, but monotone, voices of Gielgud-Prospero, who speaks the Shakespearean lines aloud, shaping the characters so powerfully through his worlds that they are conjured before us. Specially each book is placed over the frame of the play's action, only partially covering the image, so that it gives virtually every frame at least two space-time orientations. Thirdly, we try to show how Peter Greenaway uses pictorial references in order to illustrate the context of the Renaissance as well as pictorial techniques and language in order to question the nature of artistic representation. For exemple, The storm is visualised through reference to Botticelli's : the storm of papers swirling around the library is constructed to look like a facsimili copy of Michelangelo's Laurentiana Library in Florence. Greenaway's modern mannerism consists in imposing his own aesthetic vision and his questioning of art beyond the play's meta-theatricality: in other words, Shakespeare''s text has been adapted without being betrayed.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.51-67
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation between differentiation strategy of customer’s satisfaction and the effects on performance in family restaurants. Above all, looking into a device to take an internal competitive domination factor of family restaurants is the core purpose of this study. To achieve the purpose, a survey was conducted to 278 customers of family restaurants in Seoul. The result of this survey is as follows. First, the interior of family restaurants and responsibility of their employees had an effect on customer’s satisfaction. Secondly, menu/atmosphere satisfaction and employee’s appearance influenced quality performance of restaurants. In searching information on restaurants, reference group and visiting experience were highly recommended, leading to the importance of word of mouth.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.65-71
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• 1981

The Marketing strategy is basic to the marketing plan for a firm. It encompasses the art and science of employing the means for achieving established marketing goals. The use of the word "strategy" in reference to the performance of marketing operations has been accepted in general usage during the last twenty years by both business practitioners and educators. It has been borrowed from the military vocabulary where it refers to the art and science of employing the armed strength of a belligerent force to secure the objectives of war. A marketing strategy consists of two distinct and yet interrelated parts: 1. A target market ${\cdots}{\cdots}$a fairly homogeneous group of customers to whom a company wishes to appeal. 2. A marketing mix ${\cdots}{\cdots}$ the controllable variables which the company combines to satisfy this target group.get group.