• Title/Summary/Keyword: Reducibility

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Water gas shift reaction over ceria-zirconia-supported Pt catalysts at low temperature (저온 수성가스전화반응에서의 $Pt/CeO_2-ZrO_2$ 촉매 연구)

  • 고정봉;김동현
    • 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2005.07a
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    • pp.317-322
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    • 2005
  • [ $Pt/CeO_2$ ] 촉매에 Zr을 첨가하여 우수한 저온 수성가스전화반응의 활성을 가진 촉매를 만들었다. $Pt/ZrO_2-CeO_2$ 촉매는 $Pt/ZrO_2$$Pt/CeO_2$ 촉매에 비해 Ce와 Zr의 상호작용에 의한 시너지 효과로 인해 CO chemisorption으로 측정한 Pt area가 증가하고 담체에 Pt가 잘 분산되었다. 또한, Zr이 첨가된 $Pt/CeO_2$는 Ce의 redox 능력을 향상시켜 support의 reducibility를 향상시켰다. 담체에 고르게 잘 분산되고 support의 산소저장능력과 reducibility가 향상된 $3\;wt\%\;Pt/ZrO_2-CeO_2$ 촉매들은 반응물에 수소와 이산화탄소의 첨가 유무와 상관없이 $3\;wt\%\;Pt/ZrO_2$$3\;wt\%\;Pt/CeO_2$ 촉매보다 우수한 활성을 보였다.

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ON THE REDUCIBILITY OF KAMPÉ DE FÉRIET FUNCTION

  • Choi, Junesang;Rathie, Arjun K.
    • Honam Mathematical Journal
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.345-355
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    • 2014
  • The main objective of this paper is to obtain a formula containing eleven interesting results for the reducibility of Kamp$\acute{e}$ de F$\acute{e}$riet function. The results are derived with the help of two general results for the series $_2F_1(2)$ very recently presented by Kim et al. Well known Kummer's second theorem and its contiguous results proved earlier by Rathie and Nagar, and Kim et al. follow special cases of our main findings.

Synthesis of Titanium Diboride and Composites by Carbothermic Reduction of Titanium Oxide and Boric Oxide

  • Yoon, Su-Jong;Jha, Animesh
    • The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.387-393
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    • 1998
  • The formation of titanium diboride ($TiB_2$ ) via the reduction of $TiO_2$ with boric oxide and carbon was studied in a partially reducing atmosphere of argon mixed with 4 vol.%H2. The effect of reaction time, temperature, partial pressure of nitrogen and $TiO_2/B_2_O3$ stoichiometric ratio on the reducibility of oxides has been studied. The phases formed were analysed by using X-ray rowder diffraction and scanning sosctron microscopic techniques. In this paper, we also investigated the presence of $CaC_2$ as a reducing agent on the reducibility of oxide mixtures and on the Ti-B-C-Ca-O phase equilibria. The morphology of $TiB_2$ formed in the presence of $CaC_2$ is compared with the microstructure of $TiB_2$ formed as a consequence of carbothermic reduction. The observed variation in $TiB_2$ crystals formed is also explained.

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The Philosophy and Linguistics of Dao : the Ancient Chinese Philosophy and Language (도의 철학과 도의 언어학 -고대 중국의 철학과 언어-)

  • 정재현
    • Lingua Humanitatis
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    • v.5
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    • pp.109-126
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    • 2003
  • The aim of this paper is to elucidate ancient Chinese philosophy and linguistics through the concept of the Dao. Ancient Chinese thought had developed together with ancient Chinese theories of language and the linguistic features of Classical Chinese. The concept of the Dao served as an intermediary among them. The Dao which ancient Chinese philosophers sought for has several characteristics: ethical normativity, wholeness, dynamicity, non-reducibility. Linguistic studies also revealed them. The following linguistic features of Classical Chinese are the cause and/or the effect of such Dao-based philosophy and linguistics: No explicit subject-predicate sentential structure, no parts of speech, heavy reliance on the word order and context for meaning determination, no explicit distinction between compound words and a sentence, the pictographic or the ideographic features of Chinese graphs, and non-existence of a copula.

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A Study on Na effect of Pt-Na/Ce(1-x)Zr(x)O2 Catalyst Structure for WGS Reaction (WGS 반응에서 Pt-Na/Ce(1-x)Zr(x)O2 촉매의 구조에 따른 Na 영향에 대한 연구)

  • Shim, Jae-Oh;Jeong, Dae-Woon;Jang, Won-Jun;Roh, Hyun-Seog
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.654-659
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    • 2012
  • The interest in water gas shift (WGS) reaction has grown significantly, as a result of the recent advances in fuel cell technology and the need to develop small-scale fuel processors. Recently, researchers have tried to overcome the disadvantages of the commercial WGS catalysts. As a consequence, supported Pt catalysts have attracted a lot of researchers due to high activity and stability for WGS at low temperatures. In this study, $Pt-Na/Ce_{(1-x)}Zr_{(x)}O_2$ catalysts with various Ce/Zr ratio have been applied to WGS at a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of $45,515h^{-1}$. According to TPR patterns of $Pt-Na/Ce_{(1-x)}Zr_{(x)}O_2$ catalysts, the reducibility increases with decreasing the $ZrO_2$ content. As a result, Cubic structure $Pt-Na/Ce_{(1-x)}Zr_{(x)}O_2$ catalysts exhibited higher CO conversion than tetragonal structure $Pt-Na/Ce_{(1-x)}Zr_{(x)}O_2$ catalysts. Expecially, Pt-Na/$CeO_2$ exhibited the highest CO conversion as well as 100% selectivity to $CO_2$. Moreover, Pt-Na/$CeO_2$ catalyst showed relatively stable activity with time on stream. The high activity of cubic structure Pt-Na/$CeO_2$ catalyst was correlated to its higher oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of $CeO_2$ and easier reducibility of Pt/$CeO_2$.

The Effect of La2O3 Loading on the Performance of Ni-La2O3-Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 Catalysts for Steam Reforming of Methane (수증기 개질 반응에서 Ni-La2O3-Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 촉매의 La2O3 함량이 촉매의 성능에 미치는 영향)

  • YOO, SEONG-YEUN;KIM, HAK-MIN;KIM, BEOM-JUN;JANG, WON-JUN;ROH, HYUN-SEOG
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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    • v.29 no.5
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    • pp.419-426
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    • 2018
  • $Ni-La_2O_3-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ catalysts with various $La_2O_3$ loading were investigated for hydrogen production from steam reforming of methane (SRM). The $La_2O_3$ loading influenced the physicochemical properties of $Ni-La_2O_3-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ catalysts such as BET surface area, Ni dispersion, Ni size and reducibility. Among the prepared catalysts, $Ni-70La_2O_3-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ catalyst showed the highest activity and stability at a very high gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of $932,556h^{-1}$. This is mainly due to high Ni dispersion, small Ni size and high reducibility.

USE OF CYCLICITY FOR SOLVING SOME MATRIX PROBLEMS

  • Park, Pil-Seong
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.571-584
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    • 1998
  • We look for methods and conditions to make use of cyclicity in come matrix problems not only for parallel computa-tion but also to reduce the problem size and accelerate convergence. It has been shown that some form of reducibility not necessarily cyclicity is enough for such purposes.