• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.875-879
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• 2017

We conducted two experiments to evaluate effects of feeding various types of red ginseng marc and Houttuynia cordata (H.cordata) on blood profiles of poultry in a completely randomized design. In experiment 1 (28 d), a total of 240 broilers (Arbor acres) were used. Four dietary treatments (15 broilers per pen with four replicate pens per treatment) were included: (1) control, (2) 2% red ginseng marc, (3) 1% fermented red ginseng marc with red koji, and (4) 2% liquid red ginseng. There were no significant differences in HDL and LDL-cholestrol among treatments (P > 0.05), but total cholesterol and triglyceride decreased in diets supplemented with red ginseng marc and 1% fermented red ginseng marc with red koji compared to that in the control treatment (P < 0.05). In experiment 2 (38 d), a total of 240 Pekin ducks were randomly divided into 4 groups by dietary treatments (control, 1% fermented H. cordata powder with red koji, 1% fermented H. cordata pelleted with red koji, and 1% fermented H. cordata coated with red koji) with 4 replicates of 15 ducks in each group. Total cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol were not affected by diet with various types of H. cordata. However, increase in HDL-cholesterol and decrease in LDL and VLDL-cholesterol were greater in treatments with different types of H. cordata than in the control treatments (P < 0.05). In conclusion, using various types of red ginseng marc and H. cordata in poultry diets was effective for increasing HDL-cholesterol and decreasing total, LDL, and VLDL-cholestrol or triglyceride.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.211-216
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• 1999

온도와 시간을 달리하여 홍삼박을 볶음처리하여 얻은 분말과 수용성 추출액의 향기성분과 관능적 특성을 분석한 결과, $200^{\circ}C$에서 20분간 처리하였을 때 무처리 분말보다 정유성분의 양이 많았고, 향기성분은 7종의 pyrazin계 화합물을 비롯하여 29종의 화합물이 확인되었다. Panel에 의해 평가된 관능적 향미는 무처리구인 홍삼박 분말에서는 흙 냄새, 묵은 쌀 냄새, 비린내, 마른나무 냄새가 강하였으나, 볶음처리한 분말에서는 탄내, 구수한 냄새가 강하게 평가되었다. 볶음처리한 분말 $5\%$용액의 향은 무처리구에서는 비린내가 강하였으나, 처리구에서는 향기로운 냄새, 탄내, 누룽지 냄새, 마른나무 냄새가 강하였으며 비린내는 매우 약하게 평가되었다. $200^{\circ}C$에서 20분간 처리구에서 특히 커피와 같은 향미, 개운한 맛, 누룽지 냄새가 강했고, $2.5\%$ 용액에서는 개운한 맛, 떫은 맛이 강한 것으로 평가되었다. 볶음처리 시 생성된 이들 향미성분은 유리당과 aiginine함량의 급격한 감소에 의한 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

The growing market for companion animals, combined with their increasing lifespan, has generated an increased interest in companion animal immunity enhancers. Ginsenoside, a saponin component of ginseng and an essential ingredient of red ginseng marc (produced during red ginseng production), is effective in improving immunity. In this experiment, a powder mixture of red ginseng marc and steamed red ginseng extract powder (RGME) was orally administered to dogs for eight weeks. Subsequently, blood samples were collected and tested every four weeks. In addition, canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (cPBMCs) were stimulated with or without interleukin-2 (IL-2) to evaluate their proliferation and cytokine secretion abilities. Proliferation assay suggests that the administration of RGME effectively enhanced numbers of cPBMCs under IL-2 stimulation. Furthermore, in the RGME group, a significant increase in the concentration of interferon gamma released from cPBMCs under IL-2 stimulation was observed. In conclusion, RGME might be an effective health supplement for improving immunity in dogs.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.486-503
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• 2022

This study explored the physiochemical and rheological properties of chicken breast sausages containing red ginseng marc (RGM) which contains useful components but is discarded. When compared to the control group, the use of RGM significantly increased the water holding capacity (WHC) as the particle size increased. As for the change in color value, addition of RGM resulted in an increase in a and b values; as the quantity was increased and particle size decreased, the a and b values increased significantly. The smaller the particle size of RGM, the greater was the radical scavenging activity. According to the results of the measurement of the viscoelasticity of chicken breast sausage containing RGM, the G' and G'' values increased with increasing amounts of RGM and particle size. Neither the addition of RGM nor its amount or particle size had any significant effect on gel formation temperature. The texture profile analysis (TPA) experiment examined the average TPA measurements of each sample under different measurement conditions, and no significant difference between the RGM and control groups were observed. In conclusion, when RGM is used in chicken breast sausages, the WHC, antioxidant capacity, and viscoelastic properties are affected. RGM can possibly be utilized in high value-added processed meat products if its quantity and particle size are altered based on product characteristics.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권9호
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• pp.1391-1398
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• 2010

홍삼 추출액 제조 후 생산되는 부산물인 홍삼박의 식품 소재화를 위해서 열풍 건조시킨 후 초미세 분말화 하였으며, 쑥 분말 첨가에 따른 고초균 발효 특성을 조사하였다. 홍삼박 분말에 탈지대두분말 3%와 monosodium glutamate(MSG) 2%, 쑥을 농도별(0~3%)로 첨가하여 발효하여 분석하였다. 홍삼박 발효물의 tyrosine 함량은 쑥 3% 첨가 시 581.3 mg% 로 가장 높은 함량을 나타낸 반면 protease 활성은 쑥을 첨가할수록 감소하는 경향을 나타냈으며 쑥을 첨가하지 않은 구에서 277.5 unit/g으로 가장 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 점조도 측정 결과 쑥 3% 첨가 시 $8.8\;Pa{\cdot}s^n$으로 가장 높게 나타났고, 점질물 함량은 쑥을 첨가하지 않은 구에서 11.5%로 가장 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 고분자 점질물인 PGA함량을 GPC를 이용하여 측정한 결과 쑥을 첨가하지 않은 구에서 15.9 g/kg 이었으며 분자량은 1,100 kDa으로 나타났다. 첨가된 MSG 전환율을 약 80% 정도로 나타냈으며, 쑥 첨가에 따른 전환율에 효과는 볼 수 없었다. DPPH radical 소거활성은 쑥 3% 첨가된 발효물에서 물과 70% 주정 추출물 각각 $IC_{50}$값이 0.62 mg/mL, 0.57 mg/mL로 나타났다. ABTS radical 소거 활성은 쑥 3% 첨가 시 물 과 70% 주정 추출물에서 각각 $IC_{50}$값은 1.24 mg/mL, 1.34 mg/mL로 나타났다.