• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2021

Obesity is caused by the accumulation of triglycerides in adipocytes by the differentiation and lipid synthesis process of pre-adipocytes, and excessive accumulation of adipocytes by the activated Adipogenesis process within the differentiated cells. Therefore, inhibiting the differentiation of adipocyte cells or controlling the adipogenesis process is known as an effective treatment method for obesity. This study evaluates the inhibition of Red beet root extract on pancreatic lipase and pre-adipocyte cell differentiation. Also it evaluates the Red beet root extract activities on C/EBP-𝛼,𝛽, and PPAR-𝛄. The experiments proved that the Red beet root extract inhibits pancreatic lipase by concentration dependency. Further, in 3T3-L1 inhabitation experiment, it was found Red beet root extract inhibited adipocyte formation. Red beet root extract also inhibits the expression of C/EBP-𝛼, C/EBP-𝛽, and PPAR-𝛾 which effect the process of adipocytic differentiation. We therefore concluded that RBE has a high potential to further studies on anti-obesity effect.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.204-213
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• 2020

BACKGROUND: Since the number of crops cultivated in reclaimed land is huge, it is very difficult to quantify the total crop production. Therefore, a non-destructive method for predicting crop production is needed. Salt tolerant root vegetables such as red beets and sugar beet are suitable for cultivation in reclaimed land. If their underground biomass can be predicted, it helps to estimate crop productivity. Objectives of this study are to investigate maximum leaf length and weight of red beet, sugar beet, and turnips grown in reclaimed land, and to determine optimal model with regression analysis for linear and allometric growth models. METHODS AND RESULTS: Maximum leaf length, width, and root fresh weight of red beets, sugar beets, and turnips were measured. Ten linear models and six allometric growth models were selected for estimation of root fresh weight and non-linear regression analysis was conducted. The allometric growth model, which have a variable multiplied by square of maximum leaf length and maximum leaf width, showed highest R² values of 0.67, 0.70, and 0.49 for red beets, sugar beets, and turnips, respectively. Validation results of the models for red beets and sugar beets showed the R² values of 0.63 and 0.65, respectively. However, the model for turnips showed the R² value of 0.48. The allometric growth model was suitable for estimating the root fresh weight of red beets and sugar beets, but the accuracy for turnips was relatively low. CONCLUSION: The regression models established in this study may be useful to estimate the total production of root vegetables cultivated in reclaimed land, and it will be used as a non-destructive method for prediction of crop information.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.413-420
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• 2017

본 연구는 제주도에서 재배된 레드 비트(B. vulagaris) 뿌리의 항산화 및 항염 효과를 알아보기 위하여 70% EtOH 추출물과 순차적 용매 분획물들을 확보하여 총폴리페놀 함량 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성 측정을 통한 항산화 효능평가와 대식세포인 RAW264.7 세포에 LPS를 자극한 후 iNOS/NO, $COX-2/PGE_2$ 및 전염증성 cytokine을 유도하여 염증 억제 효과를 알아보았다. 그 결과, 총 폴리페놀이 37.02 mg GAE/g로 가장 높게 나온 EtOAc 분획물이 라디칼 소거활성도 가장 우수하게 나타났으며($IC_{50}$ $42.9{\mu}g/mL$), 대조군으로 사용한 BHT($IC_{50}$ $57.4{\mu}g/mL$)보다 좋은 활성을 보였다. 항염 활성 분석을 위하여 NO/iNOS, $PGE_2/COX-2$, 및 염증성 cytokine($TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6, $IL-1{\beta}$)의 생성 억제 효능을 분석한 결과, 총 폴리페놀 함량 결과와는 유의적이지 않게 hexane 분획물이 처리 농도 범위(50, 100, 200, $300{\mu}g/mL$)에서 NO/iNOS, $PGE_2/COX-2$, 및 염증성 cytokine 생성을 유의적으로 억제하였다. iNOS와 COX-2 단백질 발현 억제 효과를 통해 NO와 $PGE_2$ 생성 억제에 영향을 끼치고 있음을 확인하였고, 염증성 cytokine 중에는 IL-6의 생성을 가장 강하게 억제함으로써 전체적으로 항염 활성에 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과들로부터 레드비트 뿌리의 EtOAc 분획물에서의 항산화 효능 확인과 hexane 분획물의 세포내 항염 효과를 알 수 있었으며, 향후 유효 물질 동정을 통한 기전 연구를 하는 데 대한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.376-381
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• 2021

Red beet roots (Beta vulgaris L.)는 천연색소로 붉은 색계열의 betacyanins은 75-95%의 betanine와 이성질체인 isobetanine 15-45%으로 존재한다. 본 연구는 비트레드를 사용한 식품에 대해 HPLC-DAD를 이용하여 지표성분인 betanine 및 isobetanine에 대해 분석법을 확립하였으며, 유효성 검증을 위해 직선성, 검출한계, 정량한계, 정확성, 정밀성, 측정불확도를 측정하였다. 캔디류, 빙과류, 코코아 가공품의 matrix에 적용하여 matrix matched calibration법을 사용하였으며 R²이 0.9998 이상으로 높은 직선성을 보였다. 검출한계와 정량한계는 각각 0.16-0.32 mg/L, 0.48-0.97 mg/L으로 확인되었다. 분석법의 정확성 및 정밀성을 검증하기 위해 intra-day 및 inter-day 반복 실험 결과, 회수율은 96.0-103.1 %, 100.0-102.2 %이였으며, RSD는 0.5-3.3 %, 0.9-3.8 %로 산출되었다. 측정불확도는 매트릭스 및 측정 농도에 따라 1.71-12.43%로 평가되었다. 또한, 확립된 분석법의 적용성 검토를 위해서 비트레드 색소를 사용한 가공식품 26종을 분석한 결과, betanine과 isobetanine을 정량 할 수 있었다 (8.4-3,823.4 mg/kg).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.716-721
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• 1999

It has been known that continuous cultivation of hairy root is difficult to maintain for a long period of time compared to the microbial and callus cultures. Chemostat cultivation was successfully carried out in order to economically produce a plant-based colorant, betacyanin, from red beet hairy root for more than 85 days in a 14-1 fermentor. The result from the chemostat cultivation was compared to those of the batch and fed-batch cultivations of red beet hairy roots. It was shown that hairy root reached its steady state within 50 days of the cultivation, and then maintained for about 25-30 days in a wide range of dilution rates. Total betacyanin production from the continuous process was also calculated to be 2.65g at 0.28(l/d) of dilution rate, compared to 0.196g from fed-batch cultivation. It was found that betacyanin production was a partially growth related process, yielding 0.376 mg/g-fresh wt. cell and $1.89{\times}10^{-5}$ mg/g-fresh wt. cell/d, with 0.92 of correlation factor in a partial growth-product model. It was also shown that the cell growth required was relatively large for maintenance amount of energy at a low dilution rate. The growth of hairy root was inhibited by high light intensity in following a photo-inhibition model. The growth parameters were estimated to be 0.3(l/d), $10.56kcal/\textrm{m}^2/h$,{\;}and{\;}35.81kcal/\textrm{m}^2/h$ for the maximum specific growth rate, half saturation light intensity, and inhibition light intensity, respectively.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.435-441
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• 1998

Red beet(Beta vulagris L.) 모상근의 회분배양을 이용한 천연색소인 betacyanin 생산 최적화를 위해 광도, C/N ratio, 인산의 농도를 각각 변화시켜 세포생육과 색소 생산성에 관한 동력학적 분석을 실시했다. 광도변화에 따른 배양 결과 3 klux의 경우 0.3(1/day)의 최대 비 생육속도와 0.11(mg/g-dry cell/day)의 최대 비 생산속도 그리고 14 k1ux에서 0.242(1/day)의 최대 비 생육속도와 0.125(mg/g-dry cell/day)의 최대 비 생산속도를 나타냈다. 광도와 균체의 생육관계를 검토한 결과 광도에 따른 세포 생육은 photoinhibition model이 적용됨이 확인되었다. Red beet 모상근으로부터 betacyanin의 생산은 partially growth related process임이 입증됐다. 이에 따른 세포당 최대 betacyanin 생산을 나타내는 $\alpha$는 0.3756 (mg/cell)이며, 최대 생산속도를 나타내는 $\beta$는 0.001 (mg/g-cel1/day)로 측정됐다. C/N ratio에 따른 실험결과 42.1(w/w)에서 0.26(1/day)의 최대 비생육 속도를 나타내었으나 최대 비 생산속도는 31.6(w/w)에서 0.075(mg/g-cell/day)를 나타냈다. 인 농도에 대한 균체의 생육 및 물질 생산성의 관계를 검토한 결과 1.25mM에서 0.31(1/day)의 비생육 속도와 0.134(mg/g-dry cell/day) 비생산 속도를 나타내었다. 최적 조건을 결정하기 위한 response surface methodology(RSM)결과 세포 생육과 betacyanin의 최대 생산을 위한 최적 광도는 5.5 (klux),최적 C/N ratio와 인의 농도는 27(w/w), 1.25 (mM)로 결정됐다. 그리고 0.1 $\mu$M kinetin 첨가시 대조구에 비해 비생산성이 0.085(mg/g-dry cell/day)로 증가함이 입증됐다. Normal조건과 optimum조건의 비교결과 세포의 농도인 X(g-dry wt./L)가 8와 16, betacyanin의 생산량인 P(mg/L)가 4.48과 12.5, 그리고 optimum 조건에서 최대비 생육속도인 $\mu$$_{max}$ 가 0.375와 그리고 최대비 생산속도인 q$^{max}$ $_{p}$ 는 0.134로 약 2배로서 최적화가 되었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.104-110
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• 1977

Vegetables are liberally taken to enhance the mineral, vitamin, and rouphage value of the diet. And calcium is an essential mineral at all ages, although the daily requirement varies with physiological status of the individual. On the other hand, oxalic acid is an unwanted constituent of several clinical disorders. It is therefore necessary to take into account the calcium as well as the oxalic acid content of the various calcium, foods. Oxalic acid, calcium, calcium/oxalic acid ratio and available calcium have been determined in 31 kinds of the Korean common vegetables. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The highest content of oxalic acid has been recorded in Amaranth. spinach and beet. It is respectively 1,100mg%, 619mg%, 550mg% in fresh sample. It is comparatively high in Leek, leavels of perilla, Mugwort, Chyi-leaves, green red pepper, Burdock. 2. Many vegetables have been calculated as below 2.0 in the calcium/oxalic acid ratio. 3. Avaiable calciumis much in Malaolitoria, Lettuce, Green onion whole, Green garlic, Wild onion, Cabbage and Radish root. 4. A food calendar is suggested as a guide to the proper selection of food items for normal individuals and for those suffering from urolithiasis, cardiovascular disease or calcium deficiency status.