• 산학경영연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.87-104
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• 2007

포스트교토체제로 지구온난화를 불러오는 온실가스의 배출량을 줄이는 노력이 세계적으로 확산되고 있다. 물류분야의 환경부하 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 유통 각 단계에서 상품과 서비스에 대한 노력과 함께 환경친화적 활동이 이루어져야 한다. 본 연구에서는 기업의 환경물류활동 중에서 수송과 포장 기능에서 발생하는 이산화탄소 배출과 폐기물에 영향을 미치는 활동에 대하여 전략, 수 배송, 보관, 하역, 포장, 정보로 나누어 설문항목을 작성하여 기업의 매출 규모별 추진실태와 그 수준을 파악하였다. 144사를 대상으로 54개 항목에 대하여 조사하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 우리나라 기업들이 추진하여야 할 환경친화적 물류활동의 추진방향을 제시하였다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.6-14
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 장기적 통합적으로 기후변화에 적극적으로 대응할 수 있는 대학의 잠재적 역량을 발휘하여, 워터프론트에 위치한 캠퍼스의 입지적 장점을 극대화한 캠퍼스를 조성하고 최단기간에 긍정적인 변화를 가져올 수 있는 계획방안을 제안하고자 한다. 기존의 그린캠퍼스 운동이 주로 물과 에너지 절약, 친환경재료 및 신재생에너지 사용, 녹지공간 조성 등 대학 내 건축물에 대한 이산화탄소 저감을 추진하고 있다면, 워터프론트 대학의 지속가능 캠퍼스 조성은 여기에 더하여 지리적 특성을 반영한 공간계획과 친수, 안전, 건강, 스마트 등 구성원들의 인간적 환경을 개선하기 위한 물리적 계획을 포함하도록 한다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.317-325
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• 2009

On the ground of that toy as for infants is an important tool for education as well as play and furthermore it has a great influences on their growth and development, the present study intends to analyze the characteristics of the infant-oriented toys made of wood, the environment-friendly material. Object of the study includes the infants aged 2 to 7, and the wooden toy not only in domestic also international cases are investigated and analyzed from the point of function and design in particular, and the infant-oriented wooden toy is finally characterized. The wooden toys are classified in 5 items according to functions. There are toy helping a physical development like small muscles, toy improving the creativity, toy assisting language learning like Korean & English, toy contributing to number understanding and counting, and toy for imitation of social roles. The characteristics of the wooden toy are that the natural color & grain of wood are shown first, and also the natural texture & aroma of wood are felt secondly, and geometric design and shape are often presented thirdly, and recycling is available fourthly, and it is expensive finally. In order to revitalize the wooden toys lagging behind the cheap and diverse toys made of plastic, it is highly needed that development of the environment-friendly painting, unique design, marketing strategy of enterprises and use of domestic wood material.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.509-519
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• 2017

The study focuses on 32 environmental facilities in Incheon Metropolitan City, South Korea, categorizes them by sector: sewage treatment, wastewater treatment, incineration, landfill, water purification, and water supply. Their GHG reduction results are analyzed through quantitative and qualitative measures for 2012 to 2015. The study surveys and examines GHG reductions of the environmental facilities for two categories - facility operation and management. The findings are as follows: First, the GHG reduction rate, an emission-to-allocation ratio, from 2012 to 2015 is 89.67%. Second, GHG reductions coming from qualitative measures of facility management are even greater than those from quantitative measures of facility operation. Third, GHG reductions through facility operation are mostly attributable to overhauls, less use of facilities, resources recycling, process improvement rather than the betterment of fuels, facilities and energy efficiency. Fourth, higher reduction can be achieved by effective facility management, qualitative measures.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.341-353
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• 2016

Papermaking reconstituted tobacco is an important strategy for recycling the waste tobacco residues. To indentify the influences of the inorganic components on harmful components delivery in cigarette smoke, a self-made electrodialysis stack was assembled to desalt the tobacco extract. The influences of the applied current and extract content on the removal rate of the inorganic ions were investigated. Results indicated that the applied current was a dominant impact on the desalination performance. High currents lower than the limiting current density could accelerate the desalting efficiency but cause higher energy consumption. A current of 2 A, or current density of ${\sim}11mA{\cdot}cm^{-2}$, was an optimal choice by considering both the energy consumption and desalting efficiency. A 20% tobacco extract was an appropriate content for the electrodialysis process. More than 90% of inorganic ions could be removed under the optimum condition. The preliminary result indicated that removal of inorganic components was beneficial to decrease the harmful component delivery in cigarette smoke. Naturally, ED is an environmentally friendly and high-effective technology for desalting the tobacco extract.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.239-268
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• 2007

This paper deals with optimal stacking sequence design of laminate composite structures. The stacking sequence optimisation of laminate composites is formulated as a combinatorial problem and is solved using Simulated Annealing (SA), an algorithm devised based on inspiration of physical process of annealing of solids. The combinatorial constraints are handled using a correction strategy. The SA algorithm is strengthened by embedding Tabu search in order to prevent recycling of recently visited solutions and the resulting algorithm is referred to as tabu embedded simulated Annealing (TSA) algorithm. Computational performance of the proposed TSA algorithm is enhanced through cache-fetch implementation. Numerical experiments have been conducted by considering rectangular composite panels and composite cylindrical shell with different ply numbers and orientations. Numerical studies indicate that the TSA algorithm is quite effective in providing practical designs for lay-up sequence optimisation of laminate composites. The effect of various neighbourhood search algorithms on the convergence characteristics of TSA algorithm is investigated. The sensitiveness of the proposed optimisation algorithm for various parameter settings in simulated annealing is explored through parametric studies. Later, the TSA algorithm is employed for multi-criteria optimisation of hybrid composite cylinders for simultaneously optimising cost as well as weight with constraint on buckling load. The two objectives are initially considered individually and later collectively to solve as a multi-criteria optimisation problem. Finally, the computational efficiency of the TSA based stacking sequence optimisation algorithm has been compared with the genetic algorithm and found to be superior in performance.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.229-240
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• 2008

With the effectuation of Kyoto Protocol, one of the important movement throughout the world is reducing the emission of greenhouse gas which is the main reason of making global warming. The actual factor of greenhouse gas is CO2, and in year of 2002 20% of total CO2 emission was produced only through transportation throughout the South Korea. In the contrary, the recycling of municipal wastes in South Korea was 44.0% in 2002, but it will be targeted upto 53.5% in 2011. All of these show environment-conscious logistics should be implemented together throughout the each stage of distribution with the development of product and service. This study applied survey research for the activities affecting to the emission of CO2 and packaging wastes produced from transportation and packaging stages in logistics area. For this, survey questionary was constructed with five specific areas - strategy, transportation & distribution, custody, packaging, and information. Based on the 148 returned survey questionaries, this study analyzed 52 categories and finally suggests necessary modal shift, collaboration & co-operation in logistics, LCA(life-cycle assessment), and other promoting policies for the environment-conscious logistics in effective way.

• 청정기술
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.34-46
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• 1995

Clean Technology goes beyond Clean-UP (or "End of PiPe) Technologies to include Pollution prevention, waste minimisation, and cleaner production. However, the concept of Clean Technology goes deeper than changes in technology, to ways in which human needs can be satisfied sustainably. In other words, Clean Technology, concentrates on delivering a human benefit rather than making a product. Introducing cleaner technology may therefore involve new commercial relationships as well as new technological practices. In some economic sectors, this involves leasing or providing a service rather than selling a product. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an important tool in Clean Technology. LCA involves determining all the resources used and all the wastes and emissions produced in providing the human benefit. Use of LCA ensures that improved environmental performance in one part of the Life Cycle is not achieved merely at the expense of more environmental damage elsewhere. Going beyond LCA, the concepts of Life Cycle Design and "metabolised" use of materials are approaches to obtain maximum benefit from materials as they pass through the human economy. "Closed-loop" use can be a component of clean technology. Looking beyond simple re-use and recycling, a material may pass through a "cascade of uses". typically a series of applications with progressively lower performance specifications. Closed-loop use necessarily involves a change in commercial practice, because the material or product must be recovered after use.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.1010-1018
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• 2017

The European Treatment and Disposal of Irradiated Graphite and other Carbonaceous Waste project sought to develop best practices in the retrieval, treatment, and disposal of irradiated graphite including other irradiated carbonaceous waste such as structural material made of graphite, nongraphitized carbon bricks, and fuel coatings. Emphasis was given on legacy irradiated graphite, as this represents a significant inventory in respective national waste management programs. This paper provides an overview of the characteristics of graphite irradiated during its use, primarily as a moderator material, within nuclear reactors. It describes the potential techniques applicable to the retrieval, treatment, recycling/reuse, and disposal of these graphite wastes. Considering the lifecycle of nuclear graphite, from manufacture to final disposal, a number of waste management options have been developed. These options consider the techniques and technologies required to address each stage of the lifecycle, such as segregation, treatment, recycle, and ultimate disposal in a radioactive waste repository, providing a toolbox to aid operators and regulators to determine the most appropriate management strategy. It is noted that national waste management programs currently have, or are in the process of developing, respective approaches to irradiated graphite management. The output of the Treatment and Disposal of Irradiated Graphite and other Carbonaceous Waste project is intended to aid these considerations, rather than dictate them.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.33-54
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• 2021

This study is aimed to analyze the economic feasibility of yellowtail culture using the copper alloy net cage in Gyeongsangbuk-do. First of all, in order to evaluate the copper alloy net cage on yellowtail culture, I review the trend on the yellowtail culture industry and research the concept of copper alloy net cage. The copper-alloy net cage is now recognized as an advantages of its system stability, recycling, antibiosis and food safety. The results were summarized as follows: first, there was significant meaning of the profit model of yellowtail culture by the price difference. Second, I analyzed in the economic feasibility of yellowtail culture using the copper alloy net cage, internal rate of return (IRR) was 51.58%, a benefit-cost ratio was shown to be 2.27 and net present value (NPV) was 1,087,337 thousand won, which indicates the economic feasibility of yellowtail culture using the copper alloy net cage is profitable. Finally, in order to improve the economic valuation, it is necessary to focus more on the developing of technology and cost reduction strategy on the copper alloy net cage.