• 한국폐기물자원순환학회지
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.770-776
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• 2018

This study measured the energy recovery rate of each municipal waste incineration facility according to the revised energy recovery rate estimation method, which targeted four municipal waste incineration facilities (Unit No. 7). The results calculated by the measuring instruments were used for each factor to estimate the recovery rate, and the available potential of available energy was examined by analyzing the energy production and valid consumption. As a result of the low heating value, 2,540 kcal/kg was calculated on average when the LHVw formula was applied, which is approximately 116 kcal/kg higher than the average design standard of 2,424 kcal/kg. The energy recovery rate was calculated as 96.9% on average based on production and 67.5% based on effective consumption, and the analysis shows that approximately 29.4% energy can be used.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.225-239
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• 2014

촉진 활동과 관련된 보상 프로그램의 효과는 단기적 성과에 집중되거나 일시적인 재구매를 유도하는 한계를 지니고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 불만족 보상 연구의 확장을 위해 보상방식이 소비자의 반응회복에 미치는 영향에 있어 보상시기와 보상강도의 상호작용 효과를 중심으로 검증하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 보상방식인 경제적, 비경제적 그리고 결합보상이 소비자의 인지적 반응회복과 감정적 반응회복에 미치는 영향의 차이를 검증하는 데에 있다. 둘째, 보상방식에 따른 소비자의 반응회복 효과에 있어 보상시기와 보상강도의 조절적 역할을 확인하는 데에 있다. 연구의 설계를 위해 3X2X2의 피험자 간 완전 요인설계를 이용하였다. 주요 연구 결과 첫째, 보상방식에 따라 소비자의 반응회복에 미치는 영향의 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 보상방식이 소비자의 반응회복에 미치는 영향은 보상시기에 따라 차이가 있었다. 셋째, 보상방식이 소비자의 반응회복에 미치는 영향은 보상강도에 따라 차이가 있었으며, 소비자 반응 회복정도는 결합보상에서 영향력이 가장 큰 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 일반적인 보상 프로그램에서 다루어지는 보상 시기를 소비자들의 불만족 상황에 새롭게 적용시키는 것에 의의를 두고 있으며, 본 연구를 통해 선행 연구들의 실증분석 결과를 지지하고 그 역할을 여러 각도에서 확장시키고자 하였다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.184-188
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• 2006

The purpose of the recovery experiment in clinical chemistry is performed to estimate proportional systematic error. We must know all measurements have some error margin in measuring analytical performance. Proportional systematic error is the type of error whose magnitude increases as the concentration of analyte increases. This error is often caused by a substance in the sample matrix that reacts with the sought for analyte and therefore competes with the analytical reagent. Recovery experiments, therefore, are used rather selectively and do not have a high priority when another analytical method is available for comparison purposes. They may still be useful to help understand the nature of any bias revealed in the comparison of kit experiments. Recovery should be expressed as a percentage because the experimental objective is to estimate proportional systematic error, which is a percentage type of error. Good recovery is 100.0%. The difference between 100 and the observed recovery(in percent) is the proportional systematic error. We calculated the amount of analyte added by multiplying the concentration of the analyte added solution by the dilution factor(mL standard)/(mL standard + mL specimen) and took the difference between the sample with addition and the sample with dilution. When making judgments on method performance, the observed that the errors should be compared to the defined allowable error. The average recovery needs to be converted to proportional error(100%/Recovery) and then compared to an analytical quality requirement expressed in percent. The results of recovery experiments were total protein(101.4%), albumin(97.4%), total bilirubin(104%), alkaline phosphatase(89.1%), aspartate aminotransferase(102.8), alanine aminotransferase(103.2), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase(97.6%), creatine kinase(105.4%), lactate dehydrogenase(95.9%), creatinine(103.1%), blood urea nitrogen(102.9%), uric acid(106.4%), total cholesterol(108.5), triglycerides(89.6%), glucose(93%), amylase(109.8), calcium(102.8), inorganic phosphorus(106.3%). We then compared the observed error to the amount of error allowable for the test. There were no items beyond the CLIA criterion for acceptable performance.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.88-96
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• 2021

각종 해양사고로 인해 유조선, 대형 여객선 및 화물선 등이 해저에 침몰하는 경우 선적된 화물유 또는 연료유는 해양환경에 대한 직접적 위험요소로서 안전하고 신속한 제거가 요구된다. 침몰선 잔존유 회수작업에서는 국내외 구난업체가 현장여건을 반영하여 다양한 방법 및 기술을 활용하고 있으나 작업과정 전반에 대한 합리적인 평가모듈에 대한 연구는 현재까지 비교적 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 잔존유 회수작업 평가모듈 설계를 목적으로 상이한 작업환경에서 수행된 작업사례들의 자료를 조사하여 작업과정 단계를 사전준비, 작업실행, 작업완료 단계로 구분한 후 세부공정별 핵심요인을 도출하였다. 이후 이 핵심요인들을 평가할 수 있는 평가지표들을 구성하는 방식으로 평가모듈을 설계하였다. 평가에서 특정인의 주관적 의견을 최대한 배제하기 위해 최대한 계량적으로 평가할 수 있는 데이터 지표들로 평가항목을 구성하였으며, 잔존유 회수작업 사례에 적용하여 결과를 분석하고 그 유용성을 일부 검증하였다. 본 연구를 통해 도출된 침몰선 잔존유 회수작업 방법 및 기술 평가모듈을 각 회수작업의 사전 또는 사후 적정성을 검증하는데 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 과거 또는 미래의 여러 작업사례 평가데이터 축척 및 피드백이 지속적으로 이루어진다면 잔존유 회수작업 전반에 대한 안전성, 효율성, 현장적용성 제고에 기여할 수 있을 것이라 기대한다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.471-482
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• 1995

Using the acetate velvet and viscose velvet whose pile lengths were sheared as 1.45, 1.55, 1 65, 1.75, 1.85, 1.90mm under the condition equating the weaving process of ground fabric, the conclusions were as follows through the results of the sensory assessments estimated by women students in our university and the physical properties, H. V and T. H. V obtained by KES-F system. 1. In the sensory assessments estimated by the method of paired comparison and ranking of samples, the longer pile length was, the more the hand values of smoothness, softness, thickness, heaviness increased on the whole. 2. The H V. and T. H. V. measured by KES-F system were as follows; Kohi increased to pile length 1.85mm and then decreased a little at 1.90mm. hummer increased as pile length was longer. Fukurami increased to pile length 1.75mm and then decreased gradually as pile length was longer. Total hand value increased gradually from 1. 45mm to 1.85mm, had the top value at 1.85mm, and then decreased a little at 1.90mm. 3. In the results of summarizing $\ulcorner$the physical properties correlated closely with the H. V obtained by sensory assessments$\lrcorner$ and tithe Physical properties correlated closely with the H. V. and T. H. V obtained by KES-F systems, it showed that all the sensory properties correlated closely with compressive energy, flexural rigidity, thickness, weight and pile ratio in the former and that the physical properties correlated closely with each H V and T. H. V were different in the latter. 4. It showed that factor 1 was related to compressive energy, thickness, weight, pile ratio, factor 2 was related to recovery energy, compressive resilience, compressive index, and factor 3 was related to compressive recovery ratio in the result of factor analysis. 5. In the multiple repression analysis, the expressions of all sensory properties had compressive ratio, frictional coefficient in the regression expressions of $\ulcorner$H. V. obtained by sensory assessments$\lrcorner$, while the expressions of each H. V. and different physical properties in the regression expressions of $\ulcorner$H. V. obtained by KES-F system$\lrcorner$.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.357-362
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• 2000

Allowable stress design(ASD) method has been widely used to design steel structures such as boiler and heat recovery steam generator(HRSG) of power plant. However, many researchers are recently intrested in road and resistance factor design(LRFD) method which may take the place of ASD. In this work, the weight calculation of steel structure was compared when ASD and LRFD were applied respectively. For the calculation of weight of steel structure, computer program was developed and applied to obtain beam weight. Using this program and GTSTRUDL, structural design program, weight of steel structure is calculated. As a result of weight calculation, maximum 5.4% of weight reduction is achieved among examples of this study by applying LRFD comparing with the result of ASD, and those results quite dependent on the applied load and member classification.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2013년 추계학술대회
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• pp.231-241
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• 2013

In recent years, accident induced by human error is increasing in the chemical plant. Human error analysis of the chemical plant was conducted on the basis of past accident. Some company called by A for the basis of a chemical accident. Factor analysis of human errors was separated in plant operation and work. Agency's work of occupational safety & health was classified into four types. It is based on the work before, during work, recovery work, and discontinue work. It was still separated work of human error by analysis and then was derived factor and issue. The human error factor and priority for accident prevention in the chemical plant is presented.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.127-146
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• 2009

This study is to estimate the factor weights of the reasons for decreases in marine fishery resources using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. Furthermore, it classifies 20 fishes under a fishery resource recovery plan into various groups of fishes according to these factor weights using the non-hierarchial cluster analysis. The factors of decreases in marine fishery resources are identified as bio-ecological, technology-system, economic-business, and fishing village-society factors. Two of the most important factors of decreases in resource are turned out to be the economic-business and bio-ecological factors, estimated as 31% and 30% respectively. The technology-system and fishing village-society factors are estimated as 21% and 18% respectively. The study utilizes non-hierarchical cluster analysis in order to classify 20 fishes into 2, 3, and 4 groups. K-means cluster analysis is applied for grouping in conjunction with ANOVA to identify statistical differences in factors. Once again, the economic-business and bio-economic factors play main role in grouping 2-groups of fishes case. The third group of fishes in addition to the previous 2 groups of fishes appears as those 4 factors of decrease evenly play about the same role at a 3-groups of fishes case. Finally, the economic-business and bio-economic factors are turned out to be evenly important in the 4th group once there are 4-groups of fishes.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.377-380
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• 2015

Muscle contusion has a negative effect on muscle function. Although several studies showed that pain control and muscle recovery is facilitated by pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF), there has not been much research regarding the specific effects of PEMF on them. The aim of the present study is to investigate effects of PEMF on pain and muscle recovery following extensor digitorum longus (EDL) contusion injury through measuring the expression of the c-fos proto-oncogene and nerve growth factor (NGF). Significantly reduced c-fos expression in the spinal cord was shown in PEMF groups compared with control (CON) groups. There was no significant difference between PEMF1 and CON1, but significantly increased NGF expression was shown in PEMF3 and PEMF5 compared with in CON groups, where the numbers in the group names are the days from contusion. In conclusion, PEMF could be used to not only reduce pain in muscle injuries by down-regulating c-fos expression in the spinal cord, but it could also influence muscle healing through increasing NGF expression in the injured muscle.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a Cardiovascular Disease Resilience (CDR) scale to evaluate disease specific resilience for recovery. Methods: The study was conducted as follows: items generation, and test of validity and reliability. Items were developed via literature review, review of instruments, and data acquired from the interviews. In order to test validity and reliability, seven panels of experts reviewed the preliminary questionnaire and then data were collected from 550 cardiovascular disease patients. Factor analysis, Pearson correlation, ANOVA, and Cronbach's alpha were used to analyze the data. Results: In the preliminary stage, forty-four items were generated. A reduction to 40 items was accomplished through content validity analysis. Factor analysis extracted 7 factors with a total of 25 items. The CDR items were moderately correlated with the subscales of the CD-RISC (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale) and the mean score of CDR was associated with quality of life measured with CD-QOL (Cardiovascular Disease Quality of Life). Cronbach's ${\alpha}$=.84. Conclusion: Content validity, construct validity, criterion validity, and reliability of the CDR were established. The CDR is a reliable and valid instrument which the resilience of cardiovascular disease specific recovery state can be evaluated.