• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.217-225
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• 2011

The current research identified the impacts of WOM(Word-of-Mouth) regarding dining experience and the factors which were likely to influence them. Specifically, this study is examined from the perspective of WOM recipient's in on-line settings. For the purpose of this research, online survey was used and a total 203 online questionnaires of respondents who had experienced restaurant reviews and recommendations via internet last 6 month were analyzed. Overall, the results indicated that in aspects of WOM recipients, the impacts of WOM were 'visit intention', 're-WOM intention' and 'source credibility' affected 'WOM acceptance' in this process. Additionally, 'online homophily' and 'message vividness' had a positive effects(p<0.001) on builiding source credibility. By clarifying the process between on-line WOM of restaurant consumers and their actual visit, this study intend to provide basis which can be used for restaurant industry's effective marketing activity.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.17-34
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• 2019

Older women who live alone are among society's most vulnerable people, since they experience increased risk of multiple chronic diseases and have limited financial protection. This can lead older women living alone to catastrophic health expenditure(CHE), which is defined as a healthcare expenditure that exceeds a certain portion of a household's ability to pay. Using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing(KLoSA), this study investigated the incidence of CHE among older women living alone and identified the factors related to this incidence. Applying health expenditure thresholds of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of ability to pay, the proportions of those with CHE were 41.3%, 22.9%, 14.6%, and 9.4%, respectively. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors related to CHE incidence, which include demographics, income, the number of chronic diseases, perceived health status, and health insurance type. The results show that the health care safety net in South Korea is insufficient for older women living alone. The findings can guide policymakers in improving healthcare and welfare policies to protect people from catastrophic payments. Particularly, welfare policies should be established for poor non-recipients who are not included within the benefits scope of the National Basic Livelihood Security System due to the unrealistic criteria of income recognition and family support obligation.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2018

The United States understood the fostering of pro-U.S. elites in "free world" countries as an important Cold War weapon. From 1954 to 1962, the U.S provided considerable assistance to Seoul National University (SNU) for its postwar rehabilitation and future development in terms of repair and construction of campus buildings, equipment and book purchases, and faculty exchanges. With the aid of this educational assistance project widely known as the Minnesota Project, SNU was reborn with an academic orientation to the U.S., separating itself from the Japanese education that was its origin. This study argues that the Minnesota Project played an important role in crafting SNU's architecture program and the exchange program's recipients as key "knowledge brokers." For individual trainees, experience in the U.S., as opposed to a backwards situation in their homeland, had allowed them to recognize the U.S. as an ideal source of knowledge. Since the Minnesota Project, SNU's Architectural Engineering Department was filled with faculty members who had trained or studied in the U.S., which became a significant distinction of SNU's architecture program in sharp contrast to its counterparts at Hanyang University and Hongik University where most of the faculty members studied in Japan during the Japanese colonial period. As many graduates of SNU had been appointed as faculty members in newly-founded architecture programs in South Korea, a hierarchical diffusion path had emerged in architectural education that led from SNU to other school's architecture programs, with the U.S. at the apex. The legacy of the Minnesota Project extended over the next few decades, in which studying architecture in the U.S. was recognized as a shortcut to success in the field.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.78-95
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• 1999

The grafting of a kidney has been found to be the best medical treatment for patients who have renal insufficiency failure, but the patients still have experienced much trouble and apprehension. This study was done to further nursing theory developing for patients who have has a kidney graft from another person. The research method followed grounded theory methodology of Strauss and Corbin. The subjects were three female and four male patients. This study done befween Oct. 1997 and Mar. 1998. All of the subjects were interviewed by the author. Interview were done by the long interview technique and observation. In the process of data analysis, 'heart-boiling' was found to be the core phenomenon. The results were composed to 101 concepts. These concepts were grouped into nineteen categories, and then to twelve categories. There were 12 super-class categories as follows ; 'pain', 'heart-boiling', 'experience of dialysis', 'term of admission to a hospital', 'support of other person', 'dependence on God', 'direction', 'negative reaction', 'positive reaction', 'comfortable', 'lacking', 'acceptance'. In this process, 14 hypotheses were derived from the categories as follows ; (1) The more experience with dialysis that the patients have, the stronger the heart-boiling will tend to be. (2) The less experience with dialysis the patients have, the weaker the heart-boiling will tend to be. (3) The longer admission to hospital the patients have, the stronger the heart-boiling will be. (4) The shorter the admission to hospital the patients have, the weaker the heart-boiling will be. (5) The weaker the intense-grief is, the more positive the reaction to heart-boiling the patients wll have. (6) The stronger the intense-grief is, the more negative the reaction to heart-boiling the patients will have. (7) The stronger the support of other persons that the patients have, the more positive the reaction to heart-boiling the patients will have. (8) The weaker the support of other person that the patients have, the more negative the reaction to heart-boiling the patients will have. (9) The stronger the dependence on God that the patients have, the mure positive reaction to heart-boiling the patients will have. (10) The weaker the dependence on God that the patients have, the more negative reaction to heart-boiling the patients will have. (11) The more positive thoughts that the patients have, the more positive reaction to heart-boiling the patinets will have. (12) The more negative thoughts that the patients have, the more negative reaction to heart-boiling the patients will have. (13) The more positive reaction the patients have, the more free from heart-boiling the patients tend to be. (14) The more negative reaction the patients have, the less free from heart-boiling the patients tend to be. From the analysis of observed data and comparing each class, I concluded that there are four formula relation types between reaction of patients and heart-boiling. (1) If patients have the experience of dialysis, have a long term admission to hospital, are strong in heart-boiling, depend on God, have positive thoughts and another's strong support, they experience release by positive reaction to the intense-grief. (2) If patients have the experience of dialysis, have a short term admission to hospital, are weak in heart-boiling, do not depend on God, have negative thoughts, and have few supports from others, they experience attachment to heart-boiling though a negative reaction. (3) If patients have the experience of dialysis, have a long term admission to hospital, are strong in heart-boiling, do not depend on God, and have negative thoughts, they experience attachment to heart-boiling through negative reaction in spite of support from another. (4) If patients have the experience of dialysis, have a long term admission into hospital, are strong in heart-boiling and satisfaction is low, but they have positive thoughts, then they experience acceptance and harmony through the positive reaction to heart-boiling. The results of this study are expected to help the way nurses care for patients who have had a kidney graft from another.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2013

장애인에게 있어 취업은 개인적으로는 인권, 자아존중감, 자아효능감을 신장시키고 비장애인과의 경제적 심리적 사회적 차이 감소, 장애인의 사회통합에 핵심적 역할을 수행하게 된다. 최근 통계자료 검토 결과 장애인의 비중 증가 및 경제활동 참여 장애인 감소현상이 지속적으로 나타나고 있어 장애인들의 취업활동 참여가 저조한 원인을 찾아내어 정책적 대안을 구할 필요가 제기된다. 본 연구에서는 장애인들의 경제활동 참여에 영향을 미치는 요인들은 무엇인가를 찾아보고자 하였으며, 수도권의 장애인들을 대상으로 한 설문지 조사를 실시하여 실증분석을 시도하였다. 분석 결과, 장애인은 기초생활 수급자일 때, 연령이 많을 때, 남성장애인보다는 여성장애인인 경우에는 경제활동 참여를 감소시키고, 직업훈련을 받는 경우와 기술 자격증이 있는 경우에는 경제활동 참여 가능성을 증가시키는 특성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 장애인의 취업활동 참여를 활성화하기 위해서는 기초생활 수급여부로 보는 빈곤정도, 성별, 연령, 배우자 유무 요인은 물론, 인적자본 특성 및 직업훈련서비스 특성요인(자격증 취득, 직업훈련 경험)에 대한 심층적 분석에 기반한 차별화된 정책개발이 필요하다 할 것이다.

• Perinatology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2017

Objective: We evaluated the Korean mothers' level of awareness of human milk bank (HMB) in order to find out the issues in establishing HMB in Korea. These mothers had infants younger than 18 months old to find out the issues that would help establishment of HMB in Korea. Methods: The survey questionnaire was developed by a team composed by nurses, neonatologists, obstetricians, nutritionists, health care specialists and faculty members. The internet survey was performed by sending emails to mothers who are registered to M family members and have children younger than 18 months. In total, 864 questionnaire were gathered from 114,469 answers and the results were analyzed. Results: Fifty two point eight percent of the respondents had awareness of HMB. 79.4% of subjects agreed with the necessity of HMB. On the basis of multivariate logistic regression analysis, we found that the numbers of children, awareness of HMB, the concern on the HMB in Korea, and the expected problems in establishing HMB in Korea were significant factors when evaluating the necessity of HMB in Korea. The common factors associated with positive thinking of potential users, donors and recipients were the awareness of HMB, and the experience of feeding own breast milk to other's babies. Conclusion: More than half of Korean women were found to agree with the necessity of HMB in Korea, even though they had concern on infection controls and management of HMB and the purpose and function of HMB was not widely educated. The establishment of HMB in Korea would be effective with public education and considering their demands.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2003

목 적: EBV의 초감염과 면역억제의 강도는 소아 간이식에서 PTLD 발생의 주요 위험인자로 알려져 있다. 삼성서울병원에서 6년간 경험한 PTLD 5례의 임상양상을 분석해보고자 한다. 대 상: 1996년부터 2002년 6월까지 41례의 소아간이식 환아를 대상으로 하였는데 이중 7명이 사망하였고, PTLD로 사망한 1명을 포함한 35명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 방 법: 공여자의 EBV 항체가 양성이고 수혜자가 음성일 경우 고위험군으로, 그 외의 경우를 저위험군으로 정의하였다. 위험군 분류, 면역억제제 종류, 간이식이 행하여진 나이, 수술 후 PTLD 진단까지의 기간, 수술 후 EBV 항체의 양전 시기, 거부반응에 대한 치료 여부, PTLD의 증상들인 발열, 설사, 빈혈, 장출혈 식욕부진 저알부민혈증 등의 발현 여부를 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결 과: 1) PTLD는 전체 소아 간이식 환아 41명 중 5명에서 발생하였다(12.2%). 고위험군은 16명으로 이 중 5명(31.3%)에서 PTLD가 발생하였고 저위험군 19명중에서는 한 명도 발생하지 않았다. 2) 사망례를 제외한 4명은 tacrolimus로 면역억제 치료를 받았으며 수술 당시 나이는 평균 10.8개월이었고 수술 후 PTLD 진단까지 평균 9.8개월이 걸렸 다. EBV 양전 시기는 수술 후 평균 6개월이었다. 3) 사망례를 포함한 5명 중 3명에서 PTLD 진단 이전에 간이식 거부반응이 있었고 스테로이드 pulse 치료 등 면역억제를 증가시키는 치료를 행하였었다. 4) 한 명에서 쉰 목소리 증상이 발견되어 조직검사 상 후두 PTLD와 장 PTLD로 진단하였고 나머지 네 명은 모두 혈변이 있었으며 대장 조직검사 상 장 PTLD로 진단하였다. 5) 빈혈과 저알부민 혈증은 모든 환아에서 나타나고 있었고 발열, 설사, 장출혈이 5명 중 4명에서 보였으며 식욕부진은 5명 중 3명에서 나타났다. 결 론: 10%가 넘는 발병률을 보이는 PTLD는 소아 간이식 후 매우 중요한 합병증으로서 특히 EBV의 고위험군에서 31%에 이르는 발병률을 가지고 있는 바 이들에 대하여 EBV 상태와 면역억제 유지에 대한 철저한 대비가 있어야 할 것으로 생각된다. 특히 빈혈, 저알부민혈증, 발열, 설사, 장출혈 등이 동반할 때에는 PTLD를 의심해 볼 수 있다. PTLD의 공통적인 발병양상으로는 첫째, 공여자가 EBV 양성이고 수혜자가 음성이면서, 둘째, EBV가 수술 후 6개월 경 양전되며, 셋째, 1세 전후에 수술을 시행하고 넷째, 간이식 거부반응을 겪으면서 면역억제의 강도가 높아졌을 경우 등이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2016

본 연구는 의사로부터 고혈압으로 진단받은 사람들을 대상으로 개인 건강행태 및 지역 보건의료수준이 고혈압의사진단에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 실시하였다. 연구는 2010년도 지역사회건강조사대상 만 19세 이상 성인 229,229명을 대상으로 개인특성에 따른 고혈압 의사진단의 차이 비교는 카이제곱 검정을 사용하였으며, 개인 및 지역수준 변수를 고려한 고혈압 의사진단의 관련지표의 지역 간 변이 파악은 다수준 로지스틱회귀분석를 실시하였다. 연구결과 개인건강행태수준에서 연령수준이 높을수록, 최종학력이 높을수록, 기초생활수급이 무일 때, 체질량지수가 높을수록, 일회음주량이 많을수록 고혈압 의사진단 경험률이 높았다. 또한 보건의료기관을 이용한 사람이, 한 달 동안 혈압측정횟수가 높을수록, 주관적 스트레스 수준이 높을수록, 우울감 경험이 있을 때 고혈압 의사진단 경험률이 높았다. 반면에 고용형태가 임금근로자인 경우, 고용주 및 자영업자에서, 걷기일수가 많을수록, 현재 흡연여부 경험이 적을수록, 민간의료보험에 가입한 사람에서 고혈압 의사진단 경험률이 낮았다. 건강행태 및 지역의 보건의료수준에 따라, 고혈압의사진단에 미치는 영향이 크다는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 추후 많은 연구에서 지역수준을 고려한 다수준 분석이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.82-95
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• 2003

Our health is intimately connected to the health of our environment. The contemporary world view which sees a radical distinction between humans as subjects and world as object can obscure our recognition of how much we rely on nature for health and survival. Indigenous traditions and contemporary scholars remind us that we live in a universe in which all things are connected, and in which nature continues to offer its gifts in co-creative partnership for the health and wellbeing of all. Living in awareness of our relationship with nature enables us to open more to the experience of nature's nurturing. Many complementary therapies derive from ancient practices that involve nature in healing partnership. Essential oils have been used for thousands of years. Hippocrates claimed that the way to health was through aromatic baths and massages. Much anecdotal evidence exists regarding aromatherapeutic positive effects on recipients. Aromatherapy is a branch of complementary or alternative therapy which is increasing in popularity, yet has scant scientific credibility. Aromatherapy should be defined as treatment using odors and practised as such. However, essential oils are usually used in conjunction with therapeutic massage and often combined with counselling of some kind. Aromatherapy complements and enhances the therapeutic powers of massage. Massage is one of the most wonderful ways to relax and is throughly beneficial to health. Massage can help unknot tense and aching muscles and other minor symptoms of stress, leaving patients fresh and energized. As the use of aromatherapy within a health care setting has grown so rapidly in recent years, and will continue to do so, the need for suitable training has become apparent. No health service can afford the risk of having staff who are inadequately trained in the practice of aromatherapy using essential oils incorrectly on those in a state of ill-health, especially if the essential oils used are not to a standard suitable for therapeutic use. Training to an acceptable level in aromatic therapy is essential for safety and effectiveness. Knowledge of the nature and make-up of essential oils, their effect on the body and the emotions, and how, when, and where to apply them is imperative in order for them to be beneficial to a patient's health. In order to achieve best practice, further research is necessary to explore the use of aromatherapy in the management of multiple disorder.

• Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research
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• 제95권5호
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• pp.278-285
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• 2018

Purpose: We investigated the clinical outcomes of deceased donor kidney transplantation (KT) using kidneys with terminal acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods: Between February 2000 and December 2013, we performed 202 deceased donor renal transplants from 159 brain dead donors. According to the expanded criteria donor (ECD) and AKI network criteria, we divided 202 recipients into 4 groups: Group I: Non-AKI & standard criteria donor (SCD) (n = 97); group II: Non-AKI & ECD (n = 15); group III: AKI & SCD (n = 52); and group IV: AKI & ECD (n = 38). Results: The incidence of delayed graft function (DFG) was significantly higher in patients with AKI than it was in the non-AKI group (P = 0.008). There were no significant differences among the 4 groups in graft survival (P = 0.074) or patient survival (P = 0.090). However, the long-term allograft survival rate was significantly lower in group IV than it was in other groups (P = 0.024). Conclusion: Allografts from deceased donors with terminal AKI had a higher incidence of DGF than did those from donors without AKI. However, there is no significant difference in graft and patient survival rates among the groups. So, the utilization of renal grafts from ECDs with terminal AKI is a feasible approach to address the critical organ shortage.