• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (K-GAI). Methods: Two hundreds and thirty six elderly were participated to test K-GAI. Goldberg's short screening scale for anxiety was tested for criterion validity. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used for measuring sensitivity and specificity. Results: The obtained internal consistency was 0.88. There were significant associations between test and retest results. K-GAI scores was significantly associated with Goldberg's short screening scale for anxiety (r=.694, p<.001). We found that a score of seven and greater was optimal for a criterion of anxiety among elderly Koreans. At this cut point, sensitivity was 78.9% and specificity was 73.1%. Conclusion: The K-GAI displayed good psychometric properties. This tool would be useful for early detection of anxiety among elderly Koreans with various situations including cognitive disorder, low education, or physical disability.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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• pp.90-90
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 증발산, 토양수분, 태양복사에너지, 식생 활동 등과 같은 수문기상인자들을 활용하여 새로운 가뭄 지수(Energy-based Water Deficit Index(EWDI)를 개발하였고 이는 Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)에서 제공되는 산출물들을 활용하였다. EWDI는 물의 순환과 탄소 순환을 동시에 고려하여 기존에 활용되는 다른 가뭄지수들보다 다양한 측면에서 가뭄을 분석할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있으며 산정된 EWDI는 증발산 기반의 가뭄지수인 Stand-alone MODIS-based Evaporative Stress Index(stMOD_ESI)와 함께 시공간적인 변동성을 비교하여 전 세계적으로 가뭄 피해가 심각한 지역인 몽골, 호주, 한반도 지역에 대해 2000년에서 2010년까지 적용성을 파악하였다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 각 지수들 간의 상관관계를 파악하고 수문기상 인자들과 가뭄 현상 사이에 관계성을 파악하기 위해 Receiver Operating Characteristics(ROC) 분석을 수행하였다. 위에서 언급한 여러 분석 결과를 토대로, EWDI와 stMOD_ESI는 기존에 많이 쓰였던 가뭄 지수인 표준강수지수(Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI)에 비해 가뭄 상태를 더욱 잘 파악할 수 있는 것으로 나타났으며 EWDI와 stMOD_ESI가 광역적인 범위에서의 적용성이 높음을 파악하였다. 본 연구를 통해 수문기상학 및 수자원 분야에서의 인공위성을 활용한 가뭄 분석 연구의 기틀이 마련되길 기대해 볼 수 있다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2012

Purpose: Hypovolemic shock is the leading cause of death in multiple trauma patients with pelvic bone fracures. The purpose of this study was to develop a simple prediction method for injury severity and amount of hemorrhage via an analysis of the correlation between the site of pelvic bone fracture and the amount of transfusion and to verify the usefulness of the such a simple scoring system. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the medical records and radiologic examination of 102 patients who had been diagnosed as having a pelvic bone fracture and who had visited the Emergency Department between January 2007 and December 2011. Fracture sites in the pelvis were confirmed and re-classified anatomically as pubis, ilium or sacrum. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed on the amount of transfusion, and a simplified scoring system was developed. The predictive value of the amount of transfusion for the scoring system as verified by using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC). The area under the curve of the ROC was compared with the injury severity score (ISS). Results: From among the 102 patients, 97 patients (M:F=68:29, mean $age=46.7{\pm}16.6years$) were enrolled for analysis. The average ISS of the patients was $16.2{\pm}7.9$, and the average amount of packed RBC transfusion for 24 hr was $3.9{\pm}4.6units$. The regression equation resulting from the multiple linear regression analysis was 'packed RBC units=1.40${\times}$(sacrum fracture)+1.72${\times}$(pubis fracture)+1.67${\times}$(ilium fracture)+0.36' and was found to be suitable (p=0.005). We simplified the regression equation to 'Pelvic Bleeding Score=sacrum+pubis+ilium.' Each fractured site was scored as 0(no fracture) point, 1(right or left) point, or 2(both) points. Sacrum had only 0 or 1 point. The score ranged from 0 to 5. The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC was 0.718 (95% CI: 0.588-0.848, p=0.009). For an upper Pelvis Bleeding Score of 3 points, the sensitivity of the prediction for a massive transfusion was 71.4%, and the specificity was 69.9%. Conclusion: We developed a simplified scoring system for the anatomical fracture sites in the pelvis to predict the requirement for a transfusion (Pelvis Bleeding Score (PBS)). The PBS, compared with the ISS, is considered a useful predictor of the need for a transfusion during initial management.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.279-289
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• 2019

가뭄재해는 다른 재해와 다르게 광범위한 공간에 걸쳐서 충분한 강우가 발생하기 전까지 오랜 기간 동안 발생되는 특성이 있다. 위성 영상은 시공간적으로 지속적인 강수량 관측을 제공할 수 있다. 본 연구는 위성 영상 기반의 강수자료를 활용하여 기상학적 가뭄 전망 모형을 개발하였다. PERSIANN_CDR, TRMM 3B42와 GPM IMERG 영상을 활용하여 강수 자료를 구축한 뒤, 표준강수지수(SPI)를 기반으로 기상학적 가뭄을 정의하였다. 과거의 가뭄 정보와 물리적 예측 모형 기반의 가뭄 예측 결과를 결합할 수 있는 베이지안 네트워크 기반 가뭄 예측 기법을 이용하여 확률론적 가뭄 예측 결과를 생산하였으며, 가뭄 예측결과를 가뭄 전망 의사결정 모형에 적용하여 가뭄 전망 결과를 도출하였다. 가뭄 전망 정보는 가뭄 발생, 지속, 종결, 가뭄 없음의 4단계로 구분하였다. 본 연구의 가뭄 전망 결과는 ROC 분석을 통하여 물리적 예측 모형인 다중모형 앙상블(MME)을 활용한 가뭄 전망 결과와 전망 성능을 비교하였다. 그 결과, 2~3개월 가뭄 전망에 대한 가뭄 발생 및 지속의 단계에서는 MME 모형보다 높은 전망성능을 보여주었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.106-117
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is prediction of landslide occurrence reflecting the subsurface flow characteristics within the soil layer in the future due to climate change in a large scale watershed. To do this, we considered the infinite slope stability theory to evaluate the landslide occurrence with predicted soil moisture content by SWAT model based on monitored data (rainfall-soil moisture-discharge). The correlation between the SWAT model and the monitoring data was performed using the coefficient of determination (R²) and the model's efficiency index (Nash and Sutcliffe model efficiency; NSE) and, an accuracy analysis of landslide prediction was performed using auROC (area under Receiver Operating Curve) analysis. In results comparing with the calculated discharge-soil moisture content by SWAT model vs. actual observation data, R² was 0.9 and NSE was 0.91 in discharge and, R² was 0.7 and NSE was 0.79 in soil moisture, respectively. As a result of performing infinite slope stability analysis in the area where landslides occurred in the past based on simulated data (SWAT analysis result of 0.7~0.8), AuROC showed 0.98, indicating that the suggested prediction method was resonable. Based on this, as a result of predicting the characteristics of landslide occurrence by 2050 using climate change scenario (RCP 8.5) data, it was calculated that four landslides could occur with a soil moisture content of more than 75% and rainfall over 250 mm/day during simulation. Although this study needs to be evaluated in various regions because of a case study, it was possible to determine the possibility of prediction through modeling of subsurface flow mechanism, one of the most important attributes in landslide occurrence.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.664-673
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• 2022

Objective: To evaluate the performance of baseline clinical characteristics and pretherapeutic histogram parameters derived from T2 mapping of the extraocular muscles (EOMs) in the prediction of treatment response to intravenous glucocorticoid (IVGC) therapy for active and moderate-to-severe thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) and to investigate the effect of fat-suppression (FS) in T2 mapping in this prediction. Materials and Methods: A total of 79 patients clinically diagnosed with active, moderate-to-severe TAO (47 female, 32 male; mean age ± standard deviation, 46.1 ± 10 years), including 43 patients with a total of 86 orbits in the responsive group and 36 patients with a total of 72 orbits in the unresponsive group, were enrolled. Baseline clinical characteristics and pretherapeutic histogram parameters derived from T2 mapping with FS (i.e., FS T2 mapping) or without FS (i.e., conventional T2 mapping) of EOMs were compared between the two groups. Independent predictors of treatment response to IVGC were identified using multivariable analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive performance of the prediction models. Differences between the models were examined using the DeLong test. Results: Compared to the unresponsive group, the responsive group had a shorter disease duration, lower kurtosis (FS-kurtosis), lower standard deviation, larger 75th, 90th, and 95th (FS-95th) T2 relaxation times in FS mapping and lower kurtosis in conventional T2 mapping. Multivariable analysis revealed that disease duration, FS-95th percentile, and FS-kurtosis were independent predictors of treatment response. The combined model, integrating all identified predictors, had an optimized area under the ROC curve of 0.797, 88.4% sensitivity, and 62.5% specificity, which were significantly superior to those of the imaging model (p = 0.013). Conclusion: An integrated combination of disease duration, FS-95th percentile, and FS-kurtosis was a potential predictor of treatment response to IVGC in patients with active and moderate-to-severe TAO. FS T2 mapping was superior to conventional T2 mapping in terms of prediction.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.490-498
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was conducted to propose the need of re-establishing the criteria of the body weight classification in the elderly. We compared the Asia-Pacific Region Criteria (APR-C) with Entropy Model Criteria (ENT-C) using Morbidity rate of chronic diseases which correlates significantly with Body Mass Index (BMI). Methods: Subjects were 886 elderly female participating in the 2007-2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We compared APR-C with those of ENT-C using Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve and logistic regression analysis. Results: In the case of the morbidity of hypertension, the results were as follows: Where it was in the T-off point of APR-C, sensitivity was 67.5%, specificity was 43.1%, and Youden's index was 10.6. While in the cut-off point of ENT-C, it was 56.7%, 56.6%, and 13.3 respectively. In the case of the morbidity of diabetes, the results were as follows: In the cut-off point of APR-C, Youden's index was 14.2. While in the cut-off point of ENT-C, it was 17.2 respectively. The Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) of the subjects who had more than 2 diseases among hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia was 0.615 (95% CI: 0.578-0.652). Compared to the normal group, the odds ratio of the hypertension group which will belong to the overweight or obesity was 1.79 (95% CI: 1.30-2.47) in the APR-C, and 2.04 (95% CI: 1.49-2.80) in the ENT-C (p < 0.001). Conclusions: We conclude that the optimal cut-off point of BMI to distinguish between normal weight and overweight was $24kg/m^2$ (ENT-C) rather than $23kg/m^2$ (APR-C).

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제50권11호
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• pp.769-779
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• 2017

최근 우리나라에서 빈번하게 발생되는 가뭄으로 인하여 많은 피해가 발생하고 있으며, 이에 대한 사전대응의 필요성이 커지고 있다. 가뭄에 대한 효과적인 사전대응을 위해서는 신뢰성 있는 가뭄 예측 정보가 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 수문학적 가뭄에 대한 확률론적 예측을 수행하기 위하여 가뭄의 전이현상을 베이지안 네트워크 모형에 반영하였다. 가뭄의 전이현상을 고려한 베이지안 네트워크 기반의 가뭄 예측 모형(PBNDF)은 과거, 현재, 미래에 대한 다중 모형 앙상블 예측결과와 가뭄전이 관계를 결합하여 새로운 수문학적 가뭄 예측 결과를 생산하도록 구축되었다. 본 연구에서 PBNDF 모형은 파머수문학적 가뭄지수를 활용하여 낙동강 유역의 10개 지점을 대상으로 가뭄을 확률적으로 예측하는데 적용되었다. PBNDF 모형의 ROC 분석 결과 ROC 점수가 0.5 이상의 유의한 결과를 나타내 실제 예측 모형으로 활용가능하다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 기존에 개발된 모형(지속성 예측, 베이지안 네트워크 예측 모형)과 평균제곱오차의 제곱근(RMSE), 기술 점수(SS)를 활용하여 비교를 수행하였으며, 그 결과 PBNDF 모형의 RMSE는 상대적으로 낮은 값을 가지며, SS는 약 0.1~0.15 정도 높은 것으로 나타나 예측성능이 향상되었다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

원격탐사 센서 기술의 발전으로 다양한 분광정보를 지니는 위성영상의 취득이 가능해졌다. 특히, 초분광 영상(hyperspectral image)은 연속적이고 좁은 분광파장대의 영역으로 구성되어 있기 때문에, 토지피복분류, 표적탐지, 환경 모니터링 등 다양한 분야에 효과적으로 활용할 수 있다. 원격탐사자료를 활용한 변화탐지 기법은 일반적으로 동일한 차원을 지닌 자료들의 차분을 통해 수행되기 때문에, 차원이 다른 이종 센서에는 적용하기 어려운 단점을 지니고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다른 차원을 지닌 초분광 영상과 고해상도 위성영상에 적용가능한 변화탐지 기법을 개발하고, 이종 영상 간의 변화탐지기법 적용 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여, 변화탐지 기법의 적용을 위해 상관도분석, 주성분분석 등을 활용하여 초분광 영상의 차원을 축소시켜 변화탐지에 사용하였으며, 변화탐지 알고리즘은 CVA(Change Vector Analysis)을 사용하였다. 변화탐지 성능의 평가를 위해 참조자료를 사용하여 ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristics) 곡선과, AUC(Area Under Curve)을 계산하였다. 실험결과, 원 초분광 영상을 활용한 경우보다, 적합한 차원 감소 기법을 통해 제작한 영상을 사용하였을 때의 변화탐지 성능이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 차원 감소 기법을 적용하여 초분광 영상이 지니고 있는 잡음을 제거하는 것이 변화탐지 성능에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. 추후 연구로는 융합기법을 적용한 고해상도 다중분광 영상을 이용하여 공간 해상도의 차이에 따른 변화탐지 성능을 분석할 예정이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1481-1488
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• 2014

Background: To avoid performing axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for non-sentinel lymph node (SLN)-negative patients with-SLN positive axilla, nomograms for predicting the status have been developed in many centers. We created a new nomogram predicting non-SLN metastasis in SLN-positive patients with invasive breast cancer and evaluated 14 existing breast cancer models in our patient group. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and thirty seven invasive breast cancer patients with SLN metastases who underwent ALND were included in the study. Based on independent predictive factors for non-SLN metastasis identified by logistic regression analysis, we developed a new nomogram. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves for the models were created and the areas under the curves (AUC) were computed. Results: In a multivariate analysis, tumor size, presence of lymphovascular invasion, extranodal extension of SLN, large size of metastatic SLN, the number of negative SLNs, and multifocality were found to be independent predictive factors for non-SLN metastasis. The AUC was found to be 0.87, and calibration was good for the present Ondokuz Mayis nomogram. Among the 14 validated models, the MSKCC, Stanford, Turkish, MD Anderson, MOU (Masaryk), Ljubljana, and DEU models yielded excellent AUC values of > 0.80. Conclusions: We present a new model to predict the likelihood of non-SLN metastasis. Each clinic should determine and use the most suitable nomogram or should create their own nomograms for the prediction of non- SLN metastasis.