• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권5호
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• pp.710-718
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• 2022

Objective : Although endovascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms is considered effective and safe, its durability is still debated. Also, few studies have described angiographic follow-up plan after endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysm, especially in ruptured cases. Hence, we report the long-term results of follow-up angiography protocol. Methods : Radiological records of 639 cases of coil embolization with ruptured aneurysms from March 2003 to December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who received treatment of a saccular aneurysm less than 7 mm resulted with near complete occlusion were included. Two hundred thirty-eight aneuryms which received the follow-up angiography at least once were enrolled. We classified four periods of follow-up as follows : post-treatment 1 year (defined as the first period), from 1 to 2 years (the second period), 2 to 5 years (the third period), and over 5 years (long-term). Results : We identified 14 cases (6.4%) of recurrence from 218 aneurysms in follow-up angiography in the first period. Among 143 aneurysms in the second period, five cases (3.5%) of recurrence were identified. There were no findings suspicious of recanalization in 97 patients in the third period. Of the total 238 cases, there were 19 recurrences, for a recurrence rate of 8.0%. Six (31.6%) out of 19 recurrences showed a tendency toward repeat recurrences even after additional treatment. Twenty-eight received long-term follow-up over 5 years and there was no recurrence. Conclusion : Most of the recurrence were found during the first and the second year. We suggest that at least one digital subtraction angiography examination may be necessary around post-treatment 2 years, especially in ruptured cases. If the angiographic results are favorable at 2 years post-treatment, long-term result should be favorable.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2010

목적: 불임을 주소로 내원한 환자들을 대상으로 자궁 난관 조영술을 이용한 난관 불임 선별검사에서 난관 막힘의 소견을 보인 경우 선택적 난관 조영술을 시행 후 실패 시 난관 개통술을 시행하여 난관 불임치료에 있어 난관 개통술의 효용성을 알아보고 난관 막힘 부위 및 형태에 따른 난관 개통률을 비교하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 난관 불임 선별검사로서 자궁 난관 조영술을 시행하였으며 자궁 난관 조영술 상 난관 막힘 소견을 보인 215명의 342개의 난관을 대상으로 후향적 연구를 진행하였다. 결과: 난관 개통술을 시행하여 342개의 난관 가운데 248개의 난관이 개통되어 72.5%의 난관 개통률을 보였다. 막힘 부위에 따른 난관 개통률은 근위부 83.8% (197/235예), 협부 45.6% (47/103예), 원위부 100% (4/4예)를 보여 자궁-난관 접합부에 가까운 막힘 일수록 높은 개통률을 보였다. 막힘 형태에 따른 개통률은 점진형은 92.3% (157/170예), 오목형은 80.2% (69/86예), 볼록형은 25.5% (22/86예)의 난관 개통률을 보였다. 난관 막힘 부위와 형태를 종합하여 볼때 난관 근위부 점진형 막힘의 경우 91.6% (143/156예)의 높은 개통률을 보인 반면 난관 협부 볼록형 막힘의 경우에는 개통률이 11.3% (6/53예)에 불과하였다. 난관 개통에 성공한 156명 가운데 98명에서 임신에 성공하여 62.7%의 임신율을 보였다. 결론: 난관 개통술은 자궁 경부를 통한 시술로 수술적 방법이나 체외수정시술의 난자 채취에 비해 덜 침습적인 방법으로 입원치료가 필요하지 않으며 비교적 적은 비용으로 불임의 원인을 극복할 수 있는 장점이 있어 난관 원인에 의한 불임 환자에서 우선적으로 시행해 볼 수 있는 효과적인 치료 방법이라 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.654-660
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• 2017

Objective : Mechanical thrombectomy is increasingly being used for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The population over 80 years of age is growing, and many of these patients have acute infarction; however, these patients are often excluded from clinical trials, so the aim of this study was to compare the functional outcomes and complication rates in very elderly patients (age ${\geq}80$ years) and aged patients (60-79 years) treated with mechanical thrombectomy. Methods : Between January 2010 and June 2015, we retrospectively reviewed 113 senior patients (over 60 years old) treated at our institution for acute ischemic stroke with mechanical thrombectomy. They were divided into a very elderly (${\geq}80$ years) and aged (60-79 years) group, with comparisons in recanalization rates, complications, death and disability on discharge be reported. Results : The mean age was 70.3 years in the aged group and 83.4 years in the very elderly group. Elderly patients had higher rates of mechanical thrombectomy failure than the younger group (40% vs. 14%; odds ratio [OR] 4.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-11.9; p=0.012). Results from thrombolysis in cerebral ischemia and modified Rankin scale at discharge were worse in the older group (p=0.005 and 0.023 respectively). There were no differences in mortality rate or other complications, but infarction progression rates were significantly higher in the very elderly group. (15% vs. 2.2%; OR 8.0; 95% CI 1.2-51.7; p=0.038). The majority (92.3%) of the patients who failed in aged group were not successful after several trials. However, in half (4 of 8) of the very elderly group, the occlusion site could not be accessed. Conclusion : Patients older than 80 years of age undergoing mechanical thrombectomy for acute infarction were more difficult to recanalize due to inaccessible occlusion sites and had a higher rate of infarction progression, However, mortality and other complications were similar to those in younger patients.

• 대한신경집중치료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2018

Background: At most centers, general anesthesia (GA) has been preferred for endovascular treatment (EVT) of ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIAs). In this study, we analyzed procedural results, clinical outcomes, and follow-up angiographic findings for patients undergoing EVT for RIA under local anesthesia (LA) with conscious sedation (CS). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 308 consecutive patients who underwent EVT for RIAs at a single institution between June 2009 and February 2017. EVT under LA with CS was considered for all patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, regardless of Hunt and Hess (HH) scale score. Results: EVT was performed for 320 aneurysms in 308 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhages. The mean patient age was $55.5{\pm}12.6$ years. Moderate (III) and poor (IV, V) HH grades were observed in 75 (24.4%) and 77 patients (25%), respectively. Complete occlusion immediately after EVT was achieved for 270 (84.4%) of 320 aneurysms. Thromboembolic complications and intraprocedural ruptures occurred in 25 (7.8%) and 14 cases (4.3%), respectively. The morbidity rate at discharge (as defined by a modified Rankin scale score of 3 or greater) was 27.3% (84/308), while the mortality rate was 11.7% (36/308). Follow-up angiographic results were available for 210 (68.1%) of 308 patients. Recanalization was observed in 64 (29.3%) of 218 aneurysms in 210 patients. Conclusion: Based on our experience, EVT for RIAs under LA with CS was feasible, regardless of the clinical grade of the subarachnoid hemorrhage. Complication rates and follow-up angiographic results were also comparable to those observed when GA was used to perform the procedure.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.184-191
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• 2015

Objective : Anterior communicating artery (AcomA) aneurysms represent the most common intracranial aneurysms and challenging to treat due to complex vascularity. The purpose of this study was to report our experience of endovascular treatment of AcomA aneurysms. Methods : Between January 2003 and December 2013, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 134 AcomA aneurysm patients available more than 6 months conventional angiographic and clinical follow-up results. We focused on aneurismal or AcomA vascular characters, angiographic and clinical follow-up results, and retreatment. Results : The rate of ruptured cases was 75.4%, and the small (<10 mm) aneurysms were 96.3%. Based on the subtypes defined by dominance of A1, 79 patients (59%) had contralateral A1 hypoplasia or agenesis. The immediate post-procedural angiography confirmed complete occlusion in 75.4%, partial occlusion in 24.6%. Procedure related complications were observed in 25 (18.6%) patients. Most of the adverse events were asymptomatic. Follow-up conventional angiography at ${\geq}6$ months was performed in all patients (mean 16.3 months) and major recanalization was noted in 6.7% and regrowth in one case. The aneurysm size (p=0.016), and initial treatment results (p=0.00) were statistically significant risk factors related to aneurysm recurrence. An overall improvement in mRS was observed during the clinical follow-up period and no rebleeding episode occurred. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that endovascular treatment is an effective treatment modality for AcomA aneurysms with low morbidity. Patients should take long term clinical and angiographic follow-up in order to assess the recurrence and warrant retreatment, especially ruptured, large, and initially incomplete occluded aneurysms.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.138-153
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• 1996

Intending to offer basic information for a prospective health services in Korea, this study is to investigate the complication caused by sterilization in goverment family planning program from 1962 to 1995. The results are as follows: 1. Total number of sterilization performed during the period from 1962 to 1995 were 1.367,772 cases of male sterilization and 2,889,635 cases of female sterilization. 2. Incidence of the complication caused by sterilization operation from 1980 to 1995 were 1,883(0.20%) out of 925,801 cases in vasectomies and 15,866(0.70%) out of 2,256,020 cases in tubal sterilizations. 3. Major complications in vasectomy were epididymities of 658 cases (34.9%), vas recanalization of 326 cases(17.3%), hematoma of 266 cases(14.1%), scrotal abscess of 184 cases(9.8%), sperm granuloma of 76 cases(4.0%),and other of 373 cases(19.8%). On the other hand, in tubal sterilization, ectopic pregnancy was the most significant complication of 15,078 cases (95.0%) among 15,866 total complications, followed by pelvic inflammatory diseases of 155 cases(0.9%), peritonities of 96 cases(0.6%), ovarian & tubal bleeding of 31 cases(0.2%), intestinal perforation of 16 cases (0.1%), uterine bleeding of 14 cases(0.1%), uterine cervix laceration of 1 case (0.1%), and other of 271 cases(1.7%), while 161 pregnancies(0.1%) were terminated and 43 cases(0.3%) with normal delivery. 4. The occurrence rate of the complication for each period showed that most of the complication cases by vasectomy occurred in a year after the operation -the cases were 1,256 (66.7%). 254 cases(13.5%) occurred between the next year and the 2nd year, 138 cases (7.3%) between the 2nd year and the 3rd year, 73 cases(3.9%) between the 3rd year and the 4th year, 52 cases(2.8%) between the 4th year and the 5th year, 31 cases(1.6%) between the 5th year and the 6th year, 79 cases(4.2%) over the 6th year. Tubal sterilization indicated that the occurred complication cases in a year were 2,175 cases(13.7%), 2,113 cases(13.3%) occurred between the next year and the 2nd year, 2,082 cases(13.1%) between the 2nd year and the 3rd year, 2,049 cases (12. 9%) between the 3rd year and the 4th year, 1,819 cases(11.5%) between the 4th year and the 5th year, 621 cases(10.2%) between the 5th year and the 6th year, 4,007 cases(25.3%) over the 6th year. 5. For the cost of complication treatment, total \7,928,229,000 were paid as medical expenditure in which \609,438,000 for vasectomy and \7,318,791,000 for tubal sterilization. Accordingly per capita expenses were \345,000 for vasectomy and \467,000 for tubal sterilization. As the proportion of government sterilization program was decreased after 1988, that of private sterilization program would be increased. So it is recommended to set a guideline for the private sterilization program and to continue government sterilization program for the lower class.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2024

Objective : Collateral circulation is associated with the differential treatment effect of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in acute ischemic stroke. We aimed to verify the ability of the collateral map to predict futile EVT in patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke. Methods : This secondary analysis of a prospective observational study included data from participants underwent EVT for acute ischemic stroke due to occlusion of the internal carotid artery and/or the middle cerebral artery within 8 hours of symptom onset. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors of futile recanalization (modified Rankin scale score at 90 days of 4-6 despite of successful reperfusion). Results : In a total of 214 participants, older age (odds ratio [OR], 2.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56 to 3.67; p<0.001), higher baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.21; p=0.004), very poor collateral perfusion grade (OR, 35.09; 95% CI, 3.50 to 351.33; p=0.002), longer door-to-puncture time (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.14; p=0.009), and failed reperfusion (OR, 3.73; 95% CI, 1.30 to 10.76; p=0.015) were associated with unfavorable functional outcomes. In 184 participants who achieved successful reperfusion, older age (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.44 to 3.67; p<0.001), higher baseline NIHSS scores (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.22; p=0.006), very poor collateral perfusion grade (OR, 4.96; 95% CI, 1.42 to 17.37; p=0.012), and longer door-to-reperfusion time (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.15; p=0.003) were associated with unfavorable functional outcomes. Conclusion : The assessment of collateral perfusion status using the collateral map can predict futile EVT, which may help select ineligible patients for EVT, thereby potentially reducing the rate of futile EVT.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.53-64
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• 1999

연구배경: 대량객혈을 치료하지 않는 경우 사망률이 50% 이상으로 매우 높은 것으로 알려져 있다. 대부분의 경우 출혈이 기관지 동맥에서 발생하고, 기관지 동맥색전술은 75-90% 의 환자에서 즉각적인 지혈효과를 가져오므로 대량객혈의 효과적인 치료방법으로 받아들여 지고 있다. 저자들은 대량 객혈환자에서 기관지 동맥 색전술의 유용성과 효과를 알아 보고자 하였고 또한, 성공적인 색전술후 재출혈에 관여 하는 인자를 알아보고자하였다. 방 법: 1990년 2월부터 1996년 7월 까지 가톨릭 의과대학 소속 7개 부속병원에 객혈을 주소로 내원하여 2 회 이상 객혈을 보이거나, 1 일 400-600cc 이상 대량 객혈을 보이는 환자에서 동맥색전술을 시행한 환자중에서 1년이상 경과관찰이 가능한 146명을 대상으로 하였다. 결 과: 기관지 동맥색전술을 시행한 환자는 남자 98예(67.1%), 여자48예(32.9%)였고, 객혈의 원인 질환으로는 폐결핵 및 이와 동반된 병변이 106예(72.6%)로 가장 많았다. 지혈에 사용된 색전물질로는 Ivalon을 단독으로 사용한 예가 58예(39.7%)로 가장 많았고, Gelfoam만 사용한 예는 52예(35.6%), 코일과 Gelfoam을 병용한 예는 24예(16.4%), Ivalon과 Gelfoam을 병용한 예는 9예(6.2%), 코일만 사용한 예는 3예(2.1%)이었다. 기관지 동맥색전술을 이용한 24시간 이내의 지혈의 성공률은 95%였으며, 추적관찰 중 객혈의 재발은 36예(24.7%)였고, 2 회이상 재발한 환자는 6예(4.1%)였다. 기관지 동맥색전술의 합병증은 40명(27.4%)의 환자에서 총 58 건수가 발생하였는데, 발열이 22 건(37.9%)으로 가장 많았고, 흉통 9건(32.8%), 두통 4건(6.9%), 오심 및 구토 3건(5.2%), 부정맥 2건(3.4%)순으로 나타났고, 기타 기침, 요통, 마비성장폐색, 배뇨장애, 하지감각 소실, 견갑골 통증, 저혈압, 두드러기등이 각각 1건씩 발생하였다. 초기 기관지동맥 조영술 소견상 색전의 대상이 양측성인 경우, 체측부동맥-폐동맥간 단락이 있는 경우, 신생혈관 형성, 동맥류, 출혈의 직접적인 소견인 조영제외 누출, 체측부동맥이 영양동맥으로 관여한 경우 등 이들 모두에서 재발군과 비재발군 사이에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 원인 질환별, 지혈에 사용한 색전물질, 공동이 있는 경우, 국균종이 동반된 경우, 기관지 확장증이 동반된 경우, 폐기종이 동반된 경우 모두 재발군과 비재발군 사이에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나(P>0.05), 늑막에 병변이 있는 경우 양군 사이에 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.05). 결 론: 기관지 동맥색전술은 대량 객혈시 안전하고, 심각한 합병증의 빈도가 적은 시술로서 특히 초기 지혈효과가 뛰어난 시술방법으로 사료된다. 초기 기관지 동맥조영술 소견에서 출혈의 재발을 예견할 수 있는 의미있는 지표는 없었으나, 늑막에 병변이 있는 경우 재발의 빈도가 높은 것으로 보아 향후 이에 대한 재검토가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제81권3호
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• pp.665-675
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• 2020

목적 이 연구는 경동맥 폐쇄성 병변에 의해 발생한 급성 뇌경색 환자에서 응급 경동맥 스텐트 설치술 후 양호한 임상 결과의 독립적인 예측인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 경동맥 폐쇄성 병변에 의한 급성 뇌경색 증상 발생 후 6시간 이내에 응급 경동맥 스텐트 설치술을 시행 받은 93명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 양호한 임상 결과를 보인 군과 불량한 임상 결과를 보인 군 간의 인자들을 비교하였으며, 양호한 임상 결과(3개월째 modified Rankin Scale 2 이하)를 예측하는 독립인자를 알아보기 위하여 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 사용하였다. 결과 76명(81.7%)의 환자가 두개내 중복폐색을 동반하였으며, 이들 중 55명이 두개내 재개통치료를 시행 받았다. 전체적인 혈관 재개통 성공률은 74.2%(69/93)였다. 3개월째 양호한 임상 결과의 비율은 51.6%(48/93)였으며 사망률은 6.5%(6/93)였다. 이분형 로지스틱 회귀분석에서 diffusion-weighted imaging-Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score [odds ratio (이하 OR), 1.487; 95% confidence interval (이하 CI), 1.018-2.173, p = 0.04], 성공적인 재관류(OR, 5.199; 95% CI, 1.566-17.265, p = 0.007), 뇌실질 출혈(OR, 0.042; 95% CI, 0.003-0.522, p = 0.014) 등이 양호한 임상 결과를 예측하는 독립인자였다. 결론 초기 뇌경색 크기, 혈관 재관류, 그리고 실질성 뇌출혈 등이 급성 뇌경색 환자에서 응급경동맥 스텐트 설치술 후 양호한 임상 결과를 예측하는 독립인자였다.