• Title/Summary/Keyword: Reasonable

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An Inference Network for Bidirectional Approximate Reasoning Based on an Equality Measure (등가 척도에 의한 영방향 근사추론과 추론명)

  • ;Zeung Nam Bien
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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    • v.31B no.4
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    • pp.138-144
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    • 1994
  • An inference network is proposed as a tool for bidirectional approximate reasoning. The inference network can be designed directly from the given fuzzy data(knowledge). If a fuzzy input is given for the inference netwok, then the network renders a reasonable fuzzy output after performing approximate reasoning based on an equality measure. Conversely, due to the bidirectional structure, the network can yield its corresponding reasonable fuzzy input for a given fuzzy output. This property makes it possible to perform forward and backward reasoning in the knowledge base system.

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Study on the Reasonable Use and Effective Distribution of Diverse Air Conditioning Systems (냉방시스템 보급 활성화를 위한 방안 연구)

  • Kim, Min-Soo;Kim, Yong-Chan;Jeong, Si-Young
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2008.06a
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    • pp.208-213
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    • 2008
  • In this study, the policies to support reasonable use and effective distribution of air conditioning systems of ice storage type and natural gas type have been investigated. First, this study focused the current policy to stimulate the distribution of these air conditioning systems. Second, the advantage and disadvantage for the air conditioning systems of each type were evaluated. Finally, several policies are proposed for nationwide rational use of energy resources.

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Establishing RAM Requirement based on BCS model for Weapon Systems (BCS 모델을 이용한 무기체계 RAM 요구조건 수립)

  • Eo, Seong-Phil;Kim, Sung-Jin;Kim, Dae-Yong
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.67-76
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    • 2010
  • RAM(Reliability, Availability, Maintainability) characteristics of weapon system is a part of Required Operational Capability, must be reasonable and achievable. In this study, we studied the criteria, important factors to establish RAM requirement and reviewed the current process. Then we propose the new process and method to establish the reasonable and achievable RAM requirement by BCS(Baseline Comparison System) model.

Load Management of Natural Gas (천연가스 부하관리)

  • Choi, Keum-Nam;Kim, Yong-Chan;Hong, Hi-Ki;Kim, Sang-No;Kim, In-Taek;Jeon, Ho-Cheol
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.264-269
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    • 2006
  • Efficient load management on natural gas is strongly required to allow stable and reasonable energy use. The present study investigated domestic and international cases for demand management of natural gas. The directions of load management were discussed. The reasonable evaluation methods of demand management were analyzed and specific evaluation items were suggested.

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Estimation Method for Reasonable Running Royalty Rate Based on Classic 25% Rule and Royalty Influential Factors (로열티 상관행법과 영향요인에 근거한 합리적 경상로열티 추정방법)

  • Sung, Oong-Hyun
    • Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.1090-1108
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    • 2013
  • Recently national technology commercialization policy using the outcomes of public R&D has been promoting the activities of technology transfer and licensing. Firms also are considering licensing strategies to make great strides and strengthen their future competitiveness. In the licensing deals, objective and reasonable royalty determination is required to be accepted for both negotiation parties. This study analyzed the appropriate royalty range for various types of business and established three royalty influential factors with ten valuation items to explain royalty difference. This study suggested new method to estimate rationally reasonable running royalty rate, combining the appropriate royalty range from classic 25% rule and the result evaluated from royalty influential factors. The adequacy of royalty range from classic 25% rule is confirmed because its range is similar to that of royalty of transfer cases. The final estimate of running royalty can be made from linear function for royalty determination using the results of royalty range and royalty influential factors. This method suggested here is expected to practically useful to determine an appropriate running royalty rate for licensing negotiation.

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A Study on the ICSID Arbitration Cases for Fair and Equitable Treatment under International Investment Disputes - Focusing on the Protection of the Investor's Legitimate Expectations - (국제투자분쟁에서 공정·공평 대우에 관한 ICSID 중재사례 연구 - 외국인투자자의 정당한 기대 보호를 중심으로 -)

  • HWANG, Ji-Hyeon
    • THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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    • v.71
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    • pp.195-216
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    • 2016
  • In determining the content of the FET standard, the tribunals stated protection of investor's legitimate expectations, due process and denial of justice, transparency, discrimination and arbitrariness, good faith, etc. The most major elements of the FET standard is the protection of the investor's legitimate and reasonable expectations. It is necessary to consider whether it is possible to what the expectations of investors are protected as legitimate and it is formed under any circumstances. If host state frustrate investor's legitimate expectations, it found a breach of the FET. The host state's specific assurance may reinforce investor's expectations, but such explicit statement is not always necessary. The host state must preserve a stable environment for investments. However, It must not be understood as the inalterability of the host state's legal framework. It implies that the host state's subsequent changes should be made consistently and predictably. The host state is entitled to exercise a reasonable regulatory authority to respond to changing circumstances in the public purpose. Therefore, whether the violation FET shall be determined through a balanced against the investor's legitimate expectations and the host state's reasonable regulatory exercise in the public interest. And investor should keep in mind that the principle of proportionality is applied unless host state provides stabilization clause or similar commitments to investor. Also host state should establish the basis of an argument about reasonable regulatory authority for public interest.

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Estimation of Reasonable Price of Battery Energy Storage System for Electricity Customers Demand Management (전력소비자 수요관리용 전지전력저장시스템의 적정 가격 산정)

  • Kim, Seul-Ki;Cho, Kyeong-Hee;Kim, Jong-Yul;Kim, Eung-Sang
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.62 no.10
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    • pp.1390-1396
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    • 2013
  • The paper estimated the reasonable market price of lead-acid battery energy storage system (BESS) intended for demand management of electricity customers. As time-of-use (TOU) tariffs have extended to a larger number of customers and gaps in the peak and off-peak rates have gradually risen, deployment of BESS has been highly needed. However, immature engineering techniques, lack of field experiences and high initial investment cost have been barriers to opening up ESS markets. This paper assessed electricity cost that BESS operation could save for customers and, based on the possible cost savings, estimated reasonable prices at which BESSs could become a more prospective option for demand management of customers. Battery scheduling was optimized to maximize the electricity cost savings that BESS would possibly achieve under TOU tariffs conditions. Basic economic factors such as payback period and return on investment were calculated to determine reasonable market prices. Actual load data of 12 industrial customers were used for case studies.

The Effect of Couple's Interaction Pattern of the Conflict-Coping Method as Perceived by the Husband and Wife on the Marital Satisfaction in the Early Stage of Marital Life (결혼초기 남면과 아내가 인지한 갈등대처방식의 상호작용패턴이 결혼만족도에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee Sun Mi;Jeon Gwee-Yeon
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.43 no.7 s.209
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    • pp.93-107
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    • 2005
  • The purposes of this study were firstly to investigate how the conflict-coping methods of husbands and wives relate to their cognition of their own conflict-coping methods and those of their spouse and secondly to investigate how the interaction patterns of the conflict-coping methods between husbands and wives affect their marital satisfaction in the early stage of marital life. The main findings of this study were as follows: Firstly, this study indicated that both husbands and wives recognized that they themselves use the more reasonable conflict-coping method than their spouse. Both thought that husbands use the more avoidant, conflict-coping method than wives. Secondly, the study showed that both husbands and wives are tend to use the same conflict-coping method as their spouse's conflict-coping method as perceived by them. All the conflict-coping methods of husbands were related to their perception of their wives' conflict-coping methods. In the can of wives, however, there was no significant correlation between their aggressive conflict-coping method and the husbands' avoidant conflict-coping method, or between their avoidant conflict-coping method and the husbands' reasonable conflict-coping method. These results indicated a gender-difference in the conflict-coping methods between husbands and wives. Thirdly, the study showed that when husbands and wives regarded the interaction pattern of the conflict-coping method between themselves and their spouse as the reasonable$\ast$reasonable pattern, both of them had the highest marital satisfaction. When husbands regarded the interaction pattern of the conflict-coping method as the aggressive$\ast$aggressive pattern, they had the lowest marital satisfaction. On the other hand, when wives regarded the interaction pattern of the conflict-coping method as the aggressive$\ast$avoidant pattern, they had the lowest marital satisfaction.