• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.143-147
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• 2011

The system using augmented reality can save the time and cost. It is verified in various fields under the possibility of a technology by solving unrealistic feeling in the virtual space. Therefore, augmented reality has a variety of the potential to be used. Generally, multimodal senses such as visual/auditory/tactile feed back are well known as a method for enhancing the immersion in case of interaction with virtual object. By adapting tangible object we can provide touch sensation to users. a 3D model of the same scale overlays the whole area of the tangible object; thus, the marker area is invisible. This contributes to enhancing immersive and natural images to users. Finally, multimodal feedback also creates better immersion. In this paper, sound feedback is considered. By further improving immersion learning augmented reality for children with the initial step learning content is presented. Augmented reality is in the intermediate stages between future world and real world as well as its adaptability is estimated more than virtual reality.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.279-287
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• 2019

In this paper, we attempted to analyze the balance ability of the body by measuring changes in body motion and plantar pressure distribution. So we developed a program that can measure and analyze range of motion and center of body pressure using inertial measurement unit(IMU) and FSR(Force Sensing Resistor) sensor, we also produced a contents that can help improve the balance ability. The quantitative values of range of motion and center of body pressure measured by this program are visualized in real time so that the user can easily recognize the results. In addition, the contents were designed to be adjusted according to the direction of improving the balance ability by adjusting the difficulty level based on the measured balance information. This can be achieved by increasing the concentration and participation will by using visual feedback method that proceeds while watching moving objects according to the user's motion.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.2451-2456
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• 2003

In biological cell manipulation, manual thrust or penetration of an injection pipette into an egg is currently performed by a skilled operator, relying only on visual feedback information. Massive load of various micro injection of either genes, fluid or cells in the postgenomic era calls a more reliable and automatic micro injection system that can test hundreds of genes or cell types at a single experiment. We initiated to study cellular force sensing in zebrafish eggs as the first step for the development of a more controllable micro injection system by any inexperienced operator. Zebrafish eggs at different developmental stages were collected and an integrated biomanipulation system was employed to measure cellular force during penetrating the egg envelope, the chorion. First of all, the biomanipulation system integrated with cellular force sensing instrument is implemented to measure the penetration force of cell membranes and characterize mechanical properties of zebrafish embryo cells. Furthermore, implementation of cellular force sensing system and calibration are presented. Finally, the cellular force sensing of penetrating cell membranes at each developmental stages was experimentally performed. The results demonstrated that the biomanipulation system with force sensing capability can measure cellular force at real-time while the injection operation is undergoing. The magnitude of the measured force was in the range of several hundreds of uN. The precise real-time measurement should provide the first step forwards for the development of an automatic and reliable injection system of various materials into biological cells.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.125-138
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• 2023

The development of AI systems for radiation therapy is important to improve the accuracy, effectiveness, and safety of cancer treatment. The current system has the disadvantage of monitoring patients using CCTV, which can cause errors and mistakes in the treatment process, which can lead to misalignment of radiation. Developed the PMRP system, an AI automation system that uses depth cameras to measure patient's fine movements, segment patient's body into parts, align Z values of depth cameras with Z values, and transmit measured feedback to positioning devices in real time, monitoring errors and treatments. The need for such a system began because the CCTV visual monitoring system could not detect fine movements, Z-direction movements, and body part movements, hindering improvement of radiation therapy performance and increasing the risk of side effects in normal tissues. This study could provide the development of a field of radiotherapy that lags in many parts of the world, along with the economic and social importance of developing an independent platform for radiotherapy devices. This study verified its effectiveness and efficiency with data through phantom experiments, and future studies aim to help improve treatment performance by improving the posture correction mechanism and correcting left and right up and down movements in real time.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.186-196
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• 1999

The CPS provides data with long-term stability independent of passed time and the INS provides high-rate data with short-term stability. By integrating these complementary systems, a highly accurate navigation system can be achieved. In this paper, a loosely-coupled GPS/INS integration system is designed. It is a simple structure and is easy to implement and preserves independent navigation capability of GPS and INS. The integration system consists of a NCU, an IMU, a GPS receiver, and a monitoring system. The navigation algorithm in the NCU is designed under the multi-tasking environment based on a real-time kernel system and the monitoring system is designed using the Visual C++. The integrated Kalman filter is designed as a feedback formed 15-state filter, in which the states are position errors, velocity errors, attitude errors and sensor bias errors. The van test result shows that the integrated system provides more accurate navigation solution then the inertial or the GPS-alone navigation system.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2023

In general, maintaining an incorrect sitting posture for a long time is widely known to adversely affect the spine. Recently, several researchers have been interested in the causal relationship between incorrect sitting posture and spinal diseases, and have been studying methods to precisely measure changes in sitting or standing posture to prevent spinal diseases. In previous studies, we have developed a sensor device capable of measuring real-time posture change, applied a momentum calculation algorithm to improve the accuracy of real-time posture change measurement, and verified the accuracy of the postural change measurement sensor. In this study, we developed a posture measurement and analysis device that considers changes in the center of body pressure through the developed sitting pressure measurement, and it confirmed the sensor as an auxiliary tool to increase the accuracy of posture correction training with improving the user's visual feedback.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.84-94
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• 2014

Purpose: To quantify the cardiac dose reduction during breathing adapted radiotherapy using Real-time Position Management (RPM) system in the treatment of left-sided breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two patients with left-sided breast cancer underwent CT scans during breathing maneuvers including free breathing (FB), deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH), and end inspiration breath-hold (EIBH). The RPM system was used to monitor respiratory motion, and the in-house self respiration monitoring (SRM) system was used for visual feedback. For each scan, treatment plans were generated and dosimetric parameters from DIBH and EIBH plans were compared to those of FB plans. Results: All patients completed CT scans with different breathing maneuvers. When compared with FB plans, DIBH plans demonstrated significant reductions in irradiated heart volume and the heart $V_{25}$, with the relative reduction of 71% and 70%, respectively (p < 0.001). EIBH plans also resulted in significantly smaller irradiated heart volume and lower heart $V_{25}$ than FB plans, with the relative reduction of 39% and 37%, respectively (p = 0.002). Despite of significant expansion of lung volume using inspiration breath-hold, there were no significant differences in left lung $V_{25}$ among the three plans. Conclusion: In comparison with FB, both DIBH and EIBH plans demonstrated a significant reduction of radiation dose to the heart. In the training course, SRM system was useful and effective in terms of positional reproducibility and patient compliance.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2022

Background: We developed a machine vision technology program that tracks patients' real-time breathing and automatically analyzes their breathing patterns. Materials and Methods: To evaluate its potential for clinical application, the image tracking performance and accuracy of the program were analyzed using a respiratory motion phantom. Changes in the stability and regularity of breathing were observed in healthy adult volunteers according to whether the breathing pattern mirrored the breathing guidance. Results and Discussion: Displacement within a few millimeters was observed in real-time with a clear resolution, and the image tracking ability was excellent. This result was consistent even in the sections where breathing patterns changed rapidly. In addition, the respiratory gating method that reflected the individual breathing patterns improved breathing stability and regularity in all volunteers. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that this technology can be used to set the appropriate window and the range of internal target volume by reflecting the patient's breathing pattern during radiotherapy planning. However, further studies in clinical populations are required to validate this technology.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.171-178
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• 2024

Exercises using a Balance Board (BB) are effective in developing balance, strengthening core muscles, and improving physical fitness and concentration. In particular, the Smart Balance Board (SBB), which integrates with various digital content, provides appropriate feedback compared to traditional balance boards, maximizing the effectiveness of the exercise. However, most systems only offer visual and auditory feedback, failing to evaluate the impact on user engagement, interest, and the accuracy of exercise postures. This study proposes an Immersive Smart Balance Board (I-SBB) that utilizes multiple sensors to enable training with various feedback mechanisms and precise postures. The proposed system, based on Arduino, consists of a gyro sensor for measuring the board's posture, a communication module for wired/wireless communication, an infrared sensor to guide the user's foot placement, and a vibration motor for tactile feedback. The board's posture measurements are smoothly corrected using a Kalman Filter, and the multi-sensor data is processed in real-time using FreeRTOS. The proposed I-SBB is shown to be effective in enhancing user concentration and engagement, as well as generating interest, by integrating with diverse content.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2012

Purpose: An autonomous robot was developed for harvesting strawberries cultivated in bench-type systems. Methods: The harvest robot consisted of four main components: an autonomous vehicle, a manipulator with four degrees of freedom (DOF), an end effector with two DOFs, and a color computer vision system. Strawberry detection was performed based on 3D image and distance information obtained from a stereo CCD color camera and a laser device, respectively. Results: In this work, a Cartesian type manipulator system was designed, including an intermediate revolute axis and a double driven arm-based joint axis, so that it could generate collision-free motions during harvesting. A DC servomotor-driven end-effector, consisting of a gripper and a cutter, was designed for gripping and cutting the strawberry stem without damaging the strawberry itself. Real-time position tracking algorithms were developed to detect, recognize, trace, and approach strawberries under natural light conditions. Conclusion: The developed robot system could harvest a strawberry within 7 seconds without damage.