• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.821-832
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• 1998

This study investigates the prediction of daily water supply, which is a necessary for the efficient management of water distribution system. Fuzzy neuron, namely artificial intelligence, is a neural network into which fuzzy information is inputted and then processed. In this study, daily water supply was predicted through an adaptive learning method by which a membership function and fuzzy rules were adapted for daily water supply prediction. This study was investigated methods for predicting water supply based on data about the amount of water supplied to the city of Kwangju. For variables choice, four analyses of input data were conducted: correlation analysis, autocorrelation analysis, partial autocorrelation analysis, and cross-correlation analysis. Input variables were (a) the amount of water supplied (b) the mean temperature, and (c)the population of the area supplied with water. Variables were combined in an integrated model. Data of the amount of daily water supply only was modelled and its validity was verified in the case that the meteorological office of weather forecast is not always reliable. Proposed models include accidental cases such as a suspension of water supply. The maximum error rate between the estimation of the model and the actual measurement was 18.35% and the average error was lower than 2.36%. The model is expected to be a real-time estimation of the operational control of water works and water/drain pipes.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.451-458
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• 2008

After more than 10 years construction, KSTAR (Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) had finally completed its assembly in June 2007, and then achieved the goal of first-plasma in July 2008 through the four month's commissioning. KSTAR was constructed with fully superconducting magnets with material of $Nb_3Sn$ and NbTi, and their operation temperatures are maintained below 4.5K by the help of Helium Refrigerator System. During the first-plasma operation, plasmas of maximum current of 133kA and maximum pulse width of 865ms were obtained. The KSTAR Integrated Control System (KICS) has successfully fulfilled its missions of surveillance, device operation, machine protection interlock, and data acquisition and management. These and more were all KSTAR commissioning requirements. For reliable and safe operation of KSTAR, 17 local control systems were developed. Those systems must be integrated into the logically single control system, and operate regardless of their platforms and location installed. In order to meet these requirements, KICS was developed as a network-based distributed system and adopted a new framework, named as EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System). Also, KICS has some features in KSTAR operation. It performs not only 24 hour continuous plant operation, but the shot-based real-time feedback control by exchanging the initiatives of operation between a central controller and a plasma control system in accordance with the operation sequence. For the diagnosis and analysis of plasma, 11 types of diagnostic system were implemented in KSTAR, and the acquired data from them were archived using MDSpius (Model Driven System), which is widely used in data management of fusion control systems. This paper will cover the design and implementation of the KSTAR integrated control system and the data management and visualization systems. Commissioning results will be introduced in brief.

• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.32-44
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• 2002

The role of radiology department has been greatly increased in the past few years as the technology in the medical imaging devices improved and the introduction of PACS (Picture Archiving and Communications System) to the conventional film-based diagnostic structure is a truly remarkable factor to the medical history. In addition, the value of using digital information in medical imaging is highly expected to grow as the technology over the computer and the network improves. However, the current medical practice, using PACS is somewhat limited compared to the film-based conventional one due to a poor image quality. The image quality is the most important and inevitable factor in the PACS environment and it is one of the most necessary steps to more wide practice of digital imaging. The existing image quality control tools are limited in controlling images produced from the medical modalities, because they cannot display the real image changing status. Thus, the image quality is distorted and the ability to diagnosis becomes hindered compared to the one of the film-based practice. In addition, the workflow of the radiologist greatly increases; as every doctor has to perform his or her own image quality control every time they view images produced from the medical modalities. To resolve these kinds of problems and enhance current medical practice under the PACS environment, we have developed a program to display a better image quality by using the ROI optical density of the existing gray level values. When the LUT is used properly, small detailed regions, which cannot be seen by using the existing image quality controls are easily displayed and thus, greatly improves digital medical practice. The purpose of this study is to provide an easier medical practice to physicians, by applying the technology of converting the H-D curves of the analog film screen to the digital imaging technology and to preset image quality control values to each exposed body part, modality and group of physicians for a better and easier medical practice. We have asked to 5 well known professional physicians to compare image quality of the same set of exam by using the two different methods: existing image quality control and the LUT technology. As the result, the LUT technology was enormously favored over the existing image quality control method. All the physicians have pointed out the far more superiority of the LUT over the existing image quality control method and highly praised its ability to display small detailed regions, which cannot be displayed by existing image quality control tools. Two physicians expressed the necessity of presetting the LUT values for each exposed body part. Overall, the LUT technology yielded a great interest among the physicians and highly praised for its ability to overcome currently embedded problems of PACS. We strongly believe that the LUT technology can enhance the current medical practice and open a new beginning in the future medical imaging.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2016

The study analyzed big data extracted from Google and social media to identify factors related to searches on cyber bullying in Korea and America. Korea's cyber bullying analysis was conducted social big data collected from online news sites, blogs, $caf{\acute{e}}s$, social network services and message for between January 1, 2011 and March 31, 2013. Google search trends for the search words of stress, exercise, drinking, and cyber bullying were obtained for January 1, 2004 and December 22, 2013. The main results of this study were as follows: first, the significant factors stress were cyber bullying that Korea more than America. Secondly, a positive relationship was found between stress and drinking, exercise and cyber bullying both Korea and America. Thirdly, significant differences were found all path both Korea and America. The study shows that both adults and teenagers are influenced in Korea. We need to develop online application that if cyber bullying behavior was predicted can intervene in real time because these actual cyber bullying-related exposure to psychological and behavioral characteristic.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.297-304
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• 2015

Recently, the demand for a PRT(Personal Rapid Transit) system based on autonomous navigation is increasing. Accordingly, the applicability investigations of the PRT system on rail tracks or roadways have been widely studied. In the case of unmanned vehicle operations without physical guideways on roadways, to monitor the position of the vehicle in real time is very important for stable, robust and reliable guidance of an autonomous vehicle. The Global Positioning System (GPS) has been commercially used for vehicle positioning. However, it cannot be applied in environments as tunnels or interiors of buildings. The PRT navigation system based on magnetic markers reference sensing that can overcome these environmental restrictions and the vehicle dynamics model for its H/W configuration are presented in this study. In addition, the design of a control S/W dedicated for unmanned operation of a PRT vehicle and its prototype implementation for experimental validation on a pilot network were successfully achieved.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2008

We propose a welfare interface using multiple fecial features tracking, which can efficiently implement various mouse operations. The proposed system consist of five modules: face detection, eye detection, mouth detection, facial feature tracking, and mouse control. The facial region is first obtained using skin-color model and connected-component analysis(CCs). Thereafter the eye regions are localized using neutral network(NN)-based texture classifier that discriminates the facial region into eye class and non-eye class, and then mouth region is localized using edge detector. Once eye and mouth regions are localized they are continuously and correctly tracking by mean-shift algorithm and template matching, respectively. Based on the tracking results, mouse operations such as movement or click are implemented. To assess the validity of the proposed system, it was applied to the interface system for web browser and was tested on a group of 25 users. The results show that our system have the accuracy of 99% and process more than 21 frame/sec on PC for the $320{\times}240$ size input image, as such it can supply a user-friendly and convenient access to a computer in real-time operation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.11
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• pp.205-210
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• 2014

This is concerned with the technology to display the design on Porcelain and adjust malfunction for moving effect and light intensity by curator. More precisely, the technology makes it possible that the porcelain is connected to Light module which is the device for controlling light emission and rotating rolling plate, etc that are connected to LED light module, optical fiber and controller that is for scenario from the given storytelling. In addition, with a WiFi portable device (Smart-phone, other mobile device). equipped with a scenario programs, information for operation, failure and malfunction can be obtained and analyzed in real-time, and menu color and alarm is alerted when the displaying design is in abnormal status, which makes the early reactions to the status. Furthermore, the collected data can be sent through WiFi network to the device and PC managed by the curator specialized in managing the design on the Porcelain, thus the technology could help the curator who have less knowledge about moving pattern on the Porcelain. There is always a possibility of malfunction due to various condition that are caused by wring-harness when modules are wired-connected. In this research, in order to overcome this problem, we propose a system configuration that can do monitoring and diagnosis with a device for collecting data from LED control module, Light emission sensor and a personal WiFi device. Also, we performed connection between optical Fiber and LED and interlock for the system defined by the definition for information and storytelling scenario.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37C no.12
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• pp.1318-1327
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• 2012

With the recent increased risk of livestock disease spread and human infection, livestock disease control has become very important. Consequently, there has been an increased attention on an implantable real-time monitoring and traceability system for individual cattle. Therefore, we have developed a robust monitoring and traceability system based on an implantable MFAN/RFID sensor tag. Our design combines the MFAN technology that is capable of robust wireless communication within cattle sheds and the 900MHz RFID technology that is capable of wireless communication without battery. In MFAN/RFID implantable sensor tag monitoring system, UHF sensor tag is implanted under the skin and accurately monitors the body temperature and biological changes without being affected by external environment. In order to acquire power needed by the tag, we install a MFAN/RFID tranceiver on the neck of cattle. The MFAN coordinator passes through the MFAN node and the RFID-reader-combined MFAN/RFID transceiver and transmits/receives the data and power for the sensor tag. The data stored in the MFAN coordinator is transmitted via the internet to the livestock history monitoring system, where it is stored and managed. By developing this system, we hope to alleviate the problems related to livestock disease control.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.751-762
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to enhance the quality of multimedia service under the heterogeneous end-terminals and network environment by monitoring the data receiving status of the group members regularly when the sender multicasts real-time multimedia data to a group. Especially, it focuses to reduce the total number of status information responded to the sender from the receivers. Accordingly. it upgrades the sender's performance by suppressing the number of status information packets generated by the receivers. The key idea of this study starts from how we profile the activity of all the members in a group. We assume that the receiver status in the worst status, so called primary receiver, represents the status of the whole group. This means that the whole group is assumed as being degraded in performance if the primary receiver is degraded, and that the whole group is assumed as being upgraded if the primary one is upgraded. In this algorithm, the primary receiver announces its status information to the whole group prior to other receivers, ana every receiver listening to the primary and other receivers' status compares its own status with them. Accordingly, any receiver may give up the status notification in case its status is not worse than others, resulting in the reduction of unnecessary responses to the sender.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.419-428
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• 2003

In order to evaluate groundwater movement and the infiltration of contaminants, such as petroleum products, the determination of porosity and effective porosity is very important. Porosity and effective porosity are important physical parameters that determine the transfer and movement of water and solutes in porous media. Various methods of determining these parameters have been developed, with varying degrees of accuracy and applicability. Most of the existing methods produce static results. They do not produce instantaneous and real time of porosity and effective porosity in a porous media. In this study, we used a new permittivity method called Frequency Domain Reflectometry with Vector analyzer (FDR-V) to determine the porosity and effective porosity of some sand samples in the laboratory. The advantage of the FDR-V method is that it instantaneously determines the temporal variation of dielectric constants of porous media. Then, the porosity and the effective porosity of porous media are computed using well established empirical equations. Results obtained from the FDR-V method compared favorably with results from other permittivity methods such as gravimetric, injection and replacement tests. The ratio of effective porosity to porosity was 85 - 92 %, when FDR-V was used. This value compared favourably with 90 %, which has been usually quoted in previous studies. Considering the convenience and its applicability, the EDR-V permittivity holds a great potential in porous media and contaminant transport studies.