• Title/Summary/Keyword: Read Range

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Impedance Evaluation Method of UHF RFID Tag Chip for Maximum Read Range (UHF RFID 태그의 최대 인식 거리를 얻기 위한 태그 칩의 임피던스 산출 방법)

  • Sim, Yong-Seog;Yang, Jeen-Mo
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.24 no.12
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    • pp.1148-1157
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    • 2013
  • In a passive UHF RFID system, the impedance matching between tag antenna and chip as well as the protocol parameter settings in a reader plays important role in determination of the maximum read-range. Almost no paper, however, has dealt with the above issues in relation with the maximum read range. In this paper, two known methods (of using the value from data sheets and proprietary RFID tester) and our proposing method in chip impedance evaluation are compared in terms of maximum read range. The read range of tags whose antenna impedance is conjugate matched with the chip impedance obtained from the proposed method is improved maximum 73 % more than that of tags from the other methods.

Extending the Read Range of UHF Mobile RFID Readers: Arbitration Methods Based on Interference Estimation

  • Ahn, Si-Young;Park, Jun-Seok;Seong, Yeong Rak;Oh, Ha-Ryoung
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • v.9 no.6
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    • pp.2025-2035
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    • 2014
  • The read range of UHF mobile readers can be extended by a booster for mobile RFID readers (BoMR). But in an environment where multiple BoMRs are installed, the read success rate may be decreased due to signal interference. This paper proposes three arbitration methods based on interference estimation with the purpose of enhancing the read success rate. A central arbitration server manages global information in centralized arbitration method (CAM) without broadcast/multicast communication facility. In fully distributed arbitration method (FDAM), all the arbitration messages are broadcasted from a BoMR to every BoMR, and each BoMR decides with broadcasted global information. Events in FDAM are serialized naturally with broadcasted messages. Cluster Distributed Arbitration Method (CDAM) forms clusters with multicasted BoMRs and a selected BoMR acts as an arbiter in the cluster. Such effects as lengthened read range, improved the read success rates of readers can be obtained by the proposed methods without any hardware modification. In order to evaluate the arbitration methods, the RFID system is modeled by using the DEVS formalism and simulated by using the DEVSim++.

A Study on the Long Range RFID Tag in the UHF Band (UHF 대역 장거리용 RFID 태그에 관한 연구)

  • Jung, Jae-Young;Yeom, Kyung-Whan
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.450-459
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    • 2009
  • RFID technologies, which allow collecting, storing, processing, and tracking information by wirelessly recognizing the inherent ID of object through an attached electronic tag, have a variety of application areas. One of the important parameters in designing such RFID systems is the read range within which the system recognizes the electronic tag. We present a novel method of designing an RFID tag required for long read range of RFID systems. The tag designed by the proposed method is battery-assisted to increase its forward-link read range and simultaneously, has backscattering modulation amplified to increase its reverse-link read range. We experimentally confirm that the minimum threshold power of the tag is - 23 dBm and the backscattering modulation gain is 28 dB, which is consistent with our simulation results. We also verify that the tag in this paper improves more than 2 times in terms of the read range compared to the existing commercial tags.

Read Range Reduction in Passive UHF RFID Tag by Smart Device Signal Interference (스마트 기기 신호 간섭에 의한 수동형 UHF 대역 RFID 태그의 인식 거리 감소에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, Jongwon;Song, Taeseung;Cho, Wonseo
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.83-91
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    • 2014
  • The passive UHF RFID tags for item-level tagging are now explosively used in the supply chain and retail applications as they have several advantages, the two most relevant are cost and a longer read range. However, the signal interference problem between RFID tags and smart devices in real world is expected according to the smart-phone and tablet market growth together. The performance of RFID tags can be significantly less. The popular examples are the read-success rates and read range reduction. Especially, KT Corp. recently emphasized the serious signal interference at 900 MHz of LTE and old RFID frequencies through their public demonstration. By popular demands, this paper suggests the interference tolerance measurement method between the passive UHF RFID tag and the transmitted signal from a smart device. In addition, we selected three passive UHF RFID tags(Inlay) available on the market and quantitatively evaluated read range reduction results by interference signals using the PCR(Performance Change Rates) index. As a result, the LTE system is about three times as effective as the WCDMA system in terms of interference effects, and the read range performance of two RFID tags about 60 % drop.

Some Prosodic Aspects of Read Speech and Dialogue in Korean (대화체와 낭독체의 운율에 관한 연구)

  • Park Jihye
    • MALSORI
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    • no.43
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    • pp.11-23
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    • 2002
  • In this paper, speech style is divided into two - read speech and dialogue. In the experiment, read speech and dialogue use the same sentence to control discrepancy from different sentence. While the number of AP in read speech is less than in dialogue, the number of IP in read speech is more than in dialogue. The number of syllables which consist of AP is more various in dialogue. Intonational patterns of the first AP in IP make a difference. In dialogue, there is a pattern which has many high tones - LHH. The FO range in dialogue is wider than in read speech.

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Widely Tunable Adaptive Resolution-controlled Read-sensing Reference Current Generation for Reliable PRAM Data Read at Scaled Technologies

  • Park, Mu-hui;Kong, Bai-Sun
    • JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.363-369
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    • 2017
  • Phase-change random access memory (PRAM) has been emerged as a potential memory due to its excellent scalability, non-volatility, and random accessibility. But, as the cell current is reducing due to cell size scaling, the read-sensing window margin is also decreasing due to increased variation of cell performance distribution, resulting in a substantial loss of yield. To cope with this problem, a novel adaptive read-sensing reference current generation scheme is proposed, whose trimming range and resolution are adaptively controlled depending on process conditions. Performance evaluation in a 58-nm CMOS process indicated that the proposed read-sensing reference current scheme allowed the integral nonlinearity (INL) to be improved from 10.3 LSB to 2.14 LSB (79% reduction), and the differential nonlinearity (DNL) from 2.29 LSB to 0.94 LSB (59% reduction).

Definition of Minimum Performance Requirements for RFID Tags Embedded Inside a Pair of Shoes (신발에 삽입되는 RFID 태그의 최소 성능 요구사항 정의)

  • Kwon, Jongwon;Song, Taeseung;Cho, Wonseo;Kim, Jaeuk
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 2016
  • Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) can provide visibility and efficiency throughout the entire supply chain in fashion apparel and footwear. The technical analysis of RFID performance is necessarily required to create a sealess omni-channel service using customer experience. Especially, several tagged-item performance specifications, for example read range and multi-read rate, strongly depend on the attached material and real-operating environment. This paper suggests minimum performance requirements for RFID tags embedded inside a pair of shoes to negotiate tagged-item performance between retailers and suppliers.

Design of High Sensitive Broadband Tag Antenna for RFID System in UHF Band (UHF 대역 RFID 시스템용 고감도 광대역 태그 안테나의 설계)

  • Park, Gun-Do;Min, Kyeong-Sik
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.51-56
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    • 2009
  • This paper presents the design of high sensitive/broadband tag antenna for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in Ultra High Frequency(UHF) band. A proposed tag antenna size is $60\;mm\;{\times}\;10\;mm\;{\times}\;1\;mm$. The resonant frequency is 910MHz and bandwidth is about 900 MHz at -10 dB below. The measured return loss and directional pattern have been confirmed a good agreement with the calculation results. The read range of proposed tag antenna with chip is observed about 6.5 m and proposed tag antenna has been observed an average 0.5 m for more than read range of the commercial tag antenna.

SOME PROSODIC FEATURES OBSERVED IN THE PASSAGE READING BY JAPANESE LEARNERS OF ENGLISH

  • Kanzaki, Kazuo
    • Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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    • 1996.10a
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    • pp.37-42
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    • 1996
  • This study aims to see some prosodic features of English spoken by Japanese learners of English. It focuses on speech rates, pauses, and intonation when the learners read an English passage. Three Japanese learners of English, who are all male university students, were asked to read the speech material, an English passage of 110 word length, at their normal reading speed. Then a native speaker of English, a male American English teacher. was asked to read the same passage. The Japanese speakers were also asked to read a Japanese passage of 286 letters (Japanese Kana) to compare the reading of English with that of japanese. Their speech was analyzed on a computerized system (KAY Computerized Speech Lab). Wave forms, spectrograms, and F0 contours were shown on the screen to measure the duration of pauses, phrases and sentences and to observe intonation contours. One finding of the experiment was that the movement of the low speakers' speech rates showed a similar tendency in their reading of the English passage. Reading of the Japanese passage by the three learners also had a similar tendency in the movement of speech rates. Another finding was that the frequency of pauses in the learners speech was greater than that in the speech of the native speaker, but that the ration of the total pause length to the whole utterance length was about tile same in both the learners' and the native speaker's speech. A similar tendency was observed about the learners' reading of the Japanese passage except that they used shorter pauses in the mid-sentence position. As to intonation contours, we found that the learners used a narrower pitch range than the native speaker in their reading of the English passage while they used a wider pitch range as they read the Japanese passage. It was found that the learners tended to use falling intonation before pauses whereas the native speaker used different intonation patterns. These findings are applicable to the teaching of English pronunciation at the passage level in the sense that they can show the learners. Japanese here, what their problems are and how they could be solved.

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