• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.121-122
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.133-134
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.63-64
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• 2007

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.94-100
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• 2010

Colored compounds adsorption from the textile dyeing effluents on activated carbons produced from various indigenous vegetable sources by zinc chloride activation is studied. The most important parameters in chemical activation were found to be the chemical ratio of $ZnCl_2$ to feed (3:1), carbonization temperature (460-470 $^{\circ}C$) and time of activation (75 min). The absorbance at 511 nm (red effluent) and 615 nm (blue effluent) are used for estimation of color. It is established that at optimum temperature ($50^{\circ}C$), time of contact (30-40 min) and adsorbent loading (2 g/L), activated carbons developed from rain tree (Samanea saman) saw dust and blackberry (Randia formosa) tree saw dust showed great capability to remove color materials from the effluents. It is observed that adsorption of reactive dyes by all types of activated carbons is more than that of disperse dyes. It is explained that because of its acidic nature the activated carbon can adsorb better reactive dye particles containing large number of nitrogen sites and $-SO_3Na$ group in their structure. The use of activated carbons from the indigenous biomass would be economical, because saw dusts are readily available waste worldwide.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.58-64
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• 1984

Silk fabric was printed with the reactive dyes (mono and di-chlorotriazinyl type) in order to investigate the change of adsorption and fixation by steaming time, viscosity of dyeing paste, and alkali concentration. It was found that the amount of adsorption and fixation of mono-chlorotriazinyl type dye increased with the increase of steaming time, while di-chlorotriazinyl type dye showed the maximum uptake at 20 minutes. The amount of dye uptake of each dye showed the maximum value at 340 cp of dyeing paste. The light fastness of each dye was poor but the washing fastness was excellent.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2011

UV-induced surface copolymerization has been widely applied as a simple, useful and versatile approach to improve the surface properties of textiles. C.I. Reactive Black 5 and acrylic acid (AA) were continuously grafted onto cotton by UV irradiation. The photografting may occur by the copolymerization of AA with the vinylsulfone reactive dye which photochemically converted from the bissulfatoethylsulfone reactive group. The graft yield and color yield were influenced by UV energy, the dye and photoinitiator concentrations, a mole ratio of AA to dye, and pH. The coloration of cotton fabrics having a K/S of 7.0 can be obtained under a UV irradiation energy of 15$J/cm^2$ by the photografting of an aqueous alkaline formulation of 6% dye concentration containing 3% photoinitiator concentration on the weight of monomers, and a 3:1 mole ratio addition of AA to the dye. Furthermore, the photochemically dyed cotton fabrics showed comparable washing (staining) and rubbing fastness to conventional reactive dyeing method except shade change in the wash fastness and light fastness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.172-174
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• 2008

The study has attempted to compare the behavior of reactive, disperse and acid dyes when wastewater from these three kinds of typical dyestuffs were treated by chemical coagulation and NF membrane in pilot scale. Disperse dyeing wastewater showed the tendency of easier removal in TOC and COD and especially in color. This is probably due to low water-solubility of disperse dyes compared with reactive and acid dyes and is a positive result in terms of water reuse. Bio-kinetic constants, ${\mu}$max, $K_s$ of reactive, disperse and acid dyes were obtained, implying that their biodegradability are not significantly different.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.116-127
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• 2010

Metal acid dyes are usually used to dye wool fabric to achieve high concentrated color and strong color fastness. However, metal acid dyes contain lots of heavy metal. That causes not only environmental pollution but also diseases to human. In this study, wool reactive dyes instead of metal acid dyes for wool, which are environmental friendly, are compared and analyzed in the evaluation system of their harmfulness, containing heavy metals and examined exhaustion rates and dyeing characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1672-1681
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• 2007

Cationization is effective to complement the defects of Tencel blended fabrics by introducing new functions. For this purpose, we used chitosan, which is congenial to the human body, free of pollution, and easily reacted. Then, we compared it to the Tencel single fabrics. To perform such effective cationization, the fabrics were treated with chitosan after NaOH pretreatment and enzyme treatment thereof. After that, the fabrics were treated with a crosslinking agent and a softner. The dyeing property of the cationized Tencel blended fabrics and reactive dye, which is a type of anionic dye, show a high concentration in neutral salt and excellent repulsive power between the fabrics and the decreased dyes. The dyeing property of the chitosan treated fabrics represented better performances than that of untreated fabric in the lower concentration of neutral salt. Meanwhile, when it was dyed with certain acid dyes, the dyeing property of the chitosan treated fabrics showed better results due to the reaction of an amine group, which was introduced by chitosan treatment. Thus, the verification of the cationization of the Tencel blended fabrics was performed. The washing fastness of the Tencel blended fabrics showed a little bit better than that of the Tencel single fabric, and it represented a better performance in the dye with a reactive dye than that of an acid dye.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.491-494
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• 2010

Colored, electrophoretic polymer nanoparticles of poly (styrene-co-divinylbenzene-co-vinyl acetate)[poly(St-co-DVB-co-VAc)] were prepared by emulsifier-free emulsion co-polymerization and reactive dyeing. The emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of styrene, divinyl benzene and vinyl acetate was carried out at $70^{\circ}C$ for 20 hrs to obtain monodisperse polymer nanoparticles of poly(St-co-DVB-co-VAc) with an average diameter of 180~200 nm. These nanoparticles were transformed into poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene-co-vinyl alcohol) [poly(St-co-DVB-co-VA)] nanoparticles through the saponification reaction. The poly(St-co-DVB-co-VA) nanoparticles were treated with reactive dyes to obtain the colored, monodisperse electrophoretic nanoparticles, and their morphology and surface charge were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, UV/Vis absorbance and zeta-potentiometry.