• 에너지공학
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.188-194
• /
• 2010

DCFC는 가스 터빈이나 엔진과 달리 탄소를 사용하여 전기화학반응을 통해 직접 전기를 생산하는 연료전지이며, 주요 특징으로 기존의 발전설비 보다 높은 효율과 낮은 배기 배출물을 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 간단한 열역학 평형 해석을 통해 CO와 $CO_2$가 이론 기전력에 미치는 영향을 확인하였으며, 2차원 CFD 해석 방법을 이용하여 온도에 따른 반응 생성물 변화를 살펴보았다. 그 결과, CO 생성 반응(Boudouard 반응)을 동시에 고려한 이론 기전력 값은 $CO_2$ 생성 반응만 고려한 값(약 1.02 V)보다 크며, 특히 온도가 증가할수록 그 값이 증가함을 보여주었다. 2차원 수치해석 결과를 통하여서 Boudouard 반응이 고온으로 갈수록 중요하며, 비활성 기체로 인하여 Boudouard 반응이 지연됨을 확인하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제38호
• /
• pp.65-74
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study Is to find out the design guideline for women's hospital focusing on the patient needs. The results of research are as follows: 1) As a basic frame of evaluation model, the quality of service of medical facilities and patients' reaction to the physical environment are fixed as a variable called' satisfaction degree'. This study analyzes the influence on space efficiency evaluation according to the difference of types through basic model (Model I-1,2) as verification model to identify the difference between satisfaction degree of outpatients and that of inpatients. 2) The difference of satisfaction degree about the hospital facilities by space evaluation matrix is according to the types of inpatients and to space importance. 3) The control of importance degree about the interior facilities of the hospital according to the specific character of the hospital is necessary. Maintenance of the status quo, or reduction, or expansion is needed according to the satisfaction degree corresponding to the importance degree. Finally, the model is used to for the planning & design for the future women's hospital.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.81-92
• /
• 2019

Globalization has diversified ethnic composition thus increased the risk of conflicts and socio-political instability in global cities. However, still the status of community facility in a global city is unclear despite its critical role to build sustainable community in global era. In Seoul, as a reaction of globalization, 19 community facilities known as the 'Seoul Global Center' have been established since 2007 by Seoul Metropolitan Government. These facilities have started to provide basic foreigner services but been transformed to foreigner service hub with multiple functions in terms of a living, a business, a labour, etc. This study explores the role of the community facility for foreigners by using the Seoul Global Center as a case study, conducting a site observation, an interview(13 staff) and a questionnaire(148 visitors). The findings are the community facility functions as a 'global platform' in forms of a policy tool for implementing the urban globalization strategy, a mediator connecting foreign migrants with local communities, an applicant for successful settlement of foreign residents, an incubator that grows human and social capital, and a base for collecting and aggregating information on foreign migrants and forming new local identities.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
• /
• pp.907-910
• /
• 2008

최근 콘크리트로 대부분 시공되는 정화조 및 하수구조물은 황산화세균에 의한 생화학적 부식반응에 의해 심각하게 열화되고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 생화학적 부식방지를 위해서는 하수환경에 서식하는 황산화세균의 생장을 서식하는 생화학적 부식을 억제하는 항균제를 적용한 항균 콘크리트 적용기술이 필수적으로 개발되고 적용되어야만 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 항균 콘크리트의 항균특성에 의해 하수환경에 노출된 하수구조물의 생화학적부식을 효과적으로 억제할 수 있는 기술을 소개하고자 한다.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.151-158
• /
• 2015

The aim of this research is to derive an optimum operating condition for the thermal solubilization equipment that is employed to increase concentration of soluble organic materials and to assess whether it would be possible to use the waste sludge generated by thermal solubilization reaction as an external carbon source in biological denitrification process. For the purpose, we have constituted a laboratory-size thermal solubilization equipment and have assessed thermal hydrolysis efficiency based on various reaction temperature and reaction time. We have also derived SDNR using the waste sludge generated by thermal solubilization reaction through a batch experiment. As a result of research, the highest thermal hydrolysis efficiency of about 42.8% was achieved at $190^{\circ}C$ of reaction temperature and at 90 minutes of reaction time. And when SDNR was derived using the waste sludge, the value obtained was $0.080{\sim}0.094\;g\;NO_3{^-}-N/g\;MLVSS{\cdot}day$, showing SDNR that is higher than that obtained by the results of existing researches that used common wastewater as an external carbon source. Accordingly, in view of the fact that food wastes vary quite a bit in characteristics based on the area they are generated from and seasonal change, it seems that a flexible operation of thermal solubilization equipment is required through on-going monitoring of food wastes that are imported to food wastes recycling facilities.

• 디자인학연구
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.313-322
• /
• 2003

우리나라는 고령인구의 증가추세 속에서 가족에 대한 가치관의 변모로 양로원과 같은 주거복지시설이 지속적으로 증가하고 있으며, 그간의 증가 속도를 감안한다면 앞으로 전체 사회 복지시설 대비 양로원이 차지하는 비율과 수용인원의 수는 가속화될 것으로 예측된다. 한편, 고령자는 약 60%가 장애인 수준에 가까울 정도로 심신의 기능이 저하되어 있어 이들의 독립적 생활을 지원하는 특별한 환경적 배려가 반드시 필요하다고 하겠다. 본 연구는 환경적 요소 가운에 색채가 고령자의 원활한 인식작용과 커뮤니케이션, 심리적 치료효과에 중요한 인자임을 인식하여 고령자 시설이 이들의 요구조건을 수용하기에 적절한지를 파악하는데 연구목적이 있다. 이를 위해 고령자환경에서 색채가 지니는 중요성 및 효과, 고령자의 시각적 특성 및 색채에 대할 반응을 문헌을 통해 조사하였으며, 서울$.$경기도 지역의 10개 양로시설에 대한 현장방문을 통해 실내환경의 색채현황을 조사하였다. 그리고 대상시설의 주요 공간인 로비/라운지, 복도, 식당, 침실, 계단실/경사로 등 5개 영역에 대한 측색 결과를 문과 스펜서의 색채조화론에 기초하여 색의 3속성별 조화정도와 미도를 정량적으로 평가하였고 색채 경향을 분석하여 적정성 여부를 평가하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 1992년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국내학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 19-21 Oct. 1992
• /
• pp.937-940
• /
• 1992

A cost-saving feeding rate contro method for a batch reaction process is proposed by reconfigurating the flow rate control loop where the feeding rate is estimated by differentiating weight measurement. While the existing control methods require either a flow rate measurement device or a flow rate estimator, the proposed method is devised not to require neither of these facilities by directly controlling the tank weight with a time-varying set point. Experimental evaluation in a pilot-scale unit shows that the proposed method can significantly reduce the actuator hunting of the existing method where the flow rate is estimated by differentiating the weight measurement.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.574-579
• /
• 2010

In this study the enzyme inhibition method using dehydrogenase which has been popularly used to estimate ecotoxicity was optimized. When three bacterial strains, Escherichia coli HB101, Enterobacter asburiae KCAD-4, and Aeromonas media KCAD-13, were compared, KCAD-4 was considered as the adequate strain to estimate toxicity because of its sensitivity and reproducibility. The optimal bacterial density was estimated as $5.4{\times}10^9CFU/mL$, at which the maximum sensitivity was observed. The phosphate buffer was suitable for the reaction solution. When the reaction times required for inhibition of enzyme activity by contact of toxicants and for reaction of damaged bacteria and substrate were tested, the optimal value was estimated as 20 min and 2 hrs, respectively. It is expected that the optimized conditions can be used to develop the standardized kits to estimate ecotoxicity of heavy metals in effluent from the industrial wastewater treatment facilities.

• 플랜트 저널
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.32-41
• /
• 2021

최근 미세먼지 등 대기환경 문제가 국가적 이슈로 급부상 하고있는 추세이며 특히 석탄화력발전소에 대한 강도높은 환경규제치가 적용되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 석탄화력발전소 주요 대기오염 배출물질인 황산화물과 먼지 제거를 위한 탈황설비 성능개선 사례에 대해 소개하고 있으며 현재 운영중인 1,000 MW 발전소의 성능개선을 위한 네가지 Case Study를 수행하고 공사를 하였다. 탈황설비 흡수탑 개조를 통해 액기비를 증대시켰으며 산화공기 유량을 증대시켜 기액 반응을 촉진하였다. 또한 가스가스히터 누설률을 개선하여 최종 탈황설비 효율을 향상시켰다. 기존 설비와 조화를 고려한 성능개선 공사를 통해 2023년부터 적용될 규제치(황산화물 25ppm, 먼지 5mg/Sm³)를 만족할 것으로 예상되며 타 화력발전소에 검토 및 적용하는데 참고될 수 있다고 기대된다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.64-68
• /
• 2010

Cattle feedlot manure could be used effectively as the solid fuel for heating of agricultural facilities. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the thermal and physicochemical characteristics of solid fuel extruded with cattle feedlot manure. Calorific values of the solid fuel extruded with cattle feedlot manure, which was dried to the moisture contents of 0.0% (w.b) and 35.0% (w.b,) were 14,906 kJ/kg and 11,797 kJ/kg, respectively. Calorific value of extruded solid fuel was linearly decreased with the increase of moisture content. The first, second, and third reaction point during thermal pyrolysis of solid fuels extruded with cattle feedlot manure was investigated as $108.1^{\circ}C$, $312.2^{\circ}C$, and $459.4^{\circ}C$, respectively. The maximum reaction point was presented at the temperature of $312.2^{\circ}C$. Weight loss of extruded cattle feedlot manure during thermal pyrolysis until $600^{\circ}C$ was reached to about 60%. Volume decrease of initial extruded cattle feedlot manure was 61% during drying for the use as solid fuel. Maximum strength of extruded cattle feedlot manure, which was dried as the moisture content of 10% (w.b.) was 41,9150 N/$m^2$. Ignition gas analysis of extruded cattle feedlot manure presented that it has small amount of $NO_x$ and $SO_x$. It was shown that dried cattle feedlot manure had main components of C and O including small amount of Mg, Si, and Ca.