• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.457-466
• /
• 2010

In this paper, we propose a new method for detecting digital forgery that identify interpolated region between digital composited images. For detecting the interpolation factor and the tampered regions, we perform two algorithms: The first algorithm is to estimate the interpolation factors using the differential equation for forgery image along the horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions, respectively; The second algorithm is to scan the interpolation factors along each direction for detection areas as the mask of the optical window size($64{\times}64$) in order to find out the forgery region. A detection map of the forgery is classified with the magnitude of estimated interpolation factors into colors. This detection map can be used to find out interpolated regions from the tampered image. Experimental results demonstrate the proposed algorithms are proven on several examples. We also show the proposed approach is to accurately detect interpolated regions from digital composite images.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.8
• /
• pp.1596-1606
• /
• 2016

Today the ocean is a treasure trove of the resources that prosperous country and the passage of the trade to lead the world economy. Due to the development of the latest science and technology, human activities are increasingly expanding into the ocean from land. Modern east Asian countries have also recognized the value of the ocean and competitively pursue their own interests at sea. For this reason, the conflict between the East Asian countries is rising. On the other hand, the means of International organizations and maritime security to resolve these issues are very limited. In order to solve this problem, we should reexamine the scope and agenda of the maritime security issues, and re-evaluate the process and results of the various security cooperation which have been implemented. If we solve these problems successfully, the troubled Asian waters will be changed to 'sea of peace and prosperity'.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.540-545
• /
• 2001

Many previous researches on the premixed flame in a tube have treated the unsteady flame behaviors in which the shape, position and intensity of the flame varied, but more detail and fundamental research has been necessary. The flame stabilization condition in a tube, a unique steady state, and the unsteady behaviors, using the stabilization condition as an initial condition, were carried out in recent years. In this paper, propane-air premixed flame was stabilized in a tube and the flame behavior was observed when the mean velocity variation was imposed into the opposite direction of the initial mean velocity. The velocity variation is larger than the burning velocity and longer than the reaction time scale. During the period of the velocity variation flame is not extinguished. But after the period of the mean velocity variation the flame could be re-stabilized or be extinguished depending on the experimental conditions: equivalence ratio, period of velocity variation and magnitude of velocity variation. The extinction mechanisms were classified into the two cases, one is caused by the flame stretch in the shear layer near the wall, and the other is caused by the vortices and vortexes, which are generted by the acoustic waves.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.35 no.9C
• /
• pp.761-770
• /
• 2010

In this paper, we propose a new Frame Rate Up-Conversion (FRUC) scheme to increase the frame rate from a lower number into a higher one and enhance the decoded video quality at the decoder. The proposed algorithm utilizes the preliminary frames of forward and backward direction using bilateral prediction. In the process of the preliminary frames, an additional interpolation is performed for the occlusion area because if the calculated value of the block with reference frame if larger than the predetermine thresholdn the block is selected as the occlusion area. In order to interpolate the occlusion area, we perform re-search to obtain the osiomal block considerhe osiomnumber of available ne block consblock. The experimental results show that performance of the proposed algorithm has better PSNR and visual quality than the conventional methods.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.222-231
• /
• 2003

The ACL(Anterior cruciate ligament) is the smallest of the four main ligaments of the knee, but it is the primary stabilizer. Injuries have a tendency to occur when the foot is firmly planted and the knee is twisted. Any sports that requires acceleration, change of direction and deceleration can increase the chances of suffering an ACL tear. The incidence of severe knee sprains that involve the ACL are at an all-time high. Since 1980, the number of these injuries have increased at least three-fold. Although the rate of increase has been much less dramatic since the middle 1980s, even the ultra-modem releasable ski binding has not been able to start reducing the incidence of ACL injuries. An ACL injury prevention program developed for downhill skiers by the Vermont Safety Research group emphasized increasing awareness of situations that can potentially result in an ACL injury and pre-planning strategies if events, leading to these situations, begin to fall in place. As part of the above study by Ettlinger et al., an educational prevent program was developed to teach these principles and thus reduce the rate of serious knee injuries. Four thousand instructors and patrol at 20 ski resorts who received the training had a 62% decline in serious knee injuries compared to a similar group that did not receive this training. Whenever you fall, try not to fully straighten your legs. Don't try to get up until you've stopped sliding(unless you are try to avoid an obstacle or other skier). When you're down, stay down. And don't land on your hand. So, if you feel yourself falling: arms forward, ski plates together, hands over knee. Then you will be able to save your ACL.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.278-288
• /
• 2007

We propose the fast full search algorithm that reduces the computational load of the block matching algorithm which is used for a motion estimation in the video coding. Since the conventional spiral search method starts searching at the center of the search window and then moves search point to estimate the motion vector pixel by pixel, it is good for the slow motion picture. However we proposed the efficient motion estimation method which is good for the fast and slow motion picture. Firstly, when finding the initial threshold value, we use the expanded predictor that can approximately calculate minimum threshold value. The proposed algorithm estimates the motion in the new search order after partitioning the search window and adapt the directional search order in the re-divided search window. At the result, we can check that the proposed algorithm reduces the computational load 94% in average compared to the conventional spiral full search algorithm without any loss of image quality.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.41 no.2 s.113
• /
• pp.139-149
• /
• 2006

Earlier research works focused on the seasonal patterns and bio-geochemical processes in sand dunes, and the satellite data and aerial photographs have been used only as a backdrop or for the multi-temporal delineation of sand dune area. In order to find the optimal way to extract features' characteristics, Gimnyeong sand dune area was selected as a study site. Field works have been carried out three times to collect ground control points and sand samples for laboratory analyses. The texture of sand dune is classified as fine sand, which has been derived from shell fragments. The sand dune penetrated into the island from northwest to southeast direction. An aerial photograph was re-sampled into one-meter resolution and rectified with software including Erdas Imagine and ENVI. Sub-scenes were chosen as samples for sand dune, urban area and rural area. K-group non-parametric analysis had been done for the geometric and spectral values of enclosed texture patches. Urban areas proved to have significant smaller patches than the others.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.4A
• /
• pp.385-392
• /
• 2006

It is widely accepted that high user densities in mobile multimedia environments can only be achieved with micro- and pico-cell. The smaller cell size causes frequent handovers between cells, and decreases permissible handover processing delay. This may result in the handover failure, in addition to the loss of some packets during the handover. In these cases, re-transmission is needed in order to compensate errors, which in turn triggers a rapid degradation of throughput. In this paper, we propose a new handover scheme for the next generation mobile communication systems, in which the handover setup process is done in advance before a handover request by predicting the handover cell based on mobile terminal's current position and moving direction. Simulation is performed in order to analyze the handover failure rate and packet loss rate. Simulation results show that our proposed method provides a better performance than the conventional method.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.172-187
• /
• 2018

For the past decade, the convenience of sharing information online has improved drastically with the development of smart devices and social media. Such changes have contributed to regarding online word-of-mouth (WOM) as one of the most important consumer information sources. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine online WOM effects (acceptance/redelivery intention) with the two-way interaction effects of fashion involvement and the market maven. The empirical study consisted of an offline survey that collected data from 341 respondents and analyzed the data by factor analysis, independent t-test, and two-way ANOVA with SPSS 20.0, producing the following results. First, the market maven effect was found to differ significantly based on the level of fashion involvement, and is also higher when fashion involvement is high. Second, fashion involvement primarily affected online WOM acceptance, while the market maven significantly affected redelivery intention. Moreover, fashion involvement and market maven had relevant two-way interaction with both of the online WOM effects. Third, market maven had measurable effects on WOM redelivery types (objective/subjective) and directions (positive/negative/ neutral), whereas fashion involvement did not have any primary effects on them. However, fashion involvement and market maven had two-way interaction effects on the positive and negative direction of WOM redelivery. Based on these findings, the study suggests the importance of investigating and understanding the complicated online WOM behaviors of consumers, specifically from both managerial and theoretical perspectives.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.89-105
• /
• 2010

Research methodology on Traditional Medicine in East Asia refers to logical thinking system, empirical positivism system and methodology of developing these knowledge systems. Logical thinking system of abstract concepts such as analogy or abduction and positivism system of reasonable explanation such as the five elements and their characteristic theory have been used in various ways empirically or in the form of humanities and knowledge system was developed through parallel structure of empirical positivism and exegetical studies. After the 16th century, evidence was required along with the tradition of putting emphasis on rationality, logicality and empirical positivism and characteristics of medical humanities can be found in emphasizing on medical ethics. Data that can be considered as structural review paper or meta analysis from original data of research on Traditional East Asian Medicine should be evaluated as historical evidence which is equivalent to specialist opinion, descriptive disease research, single case report or case series. Historical evidence based medicine is a research method using Historical evidence to selectively support data that are faithful to traditional theory with higher possibility to be used in future traditional east Asian medicine that links between traditional knowledge and scientific research methodology. Moreover, historical evidence based medicine tries to re-evaluate the value of traditional knowledge and ultimately, guides the direction of development of traditional medicine through scientific rationality based on history and culture.