• Title/Summary/Keyword: Rate-compatibility

Search Result 216, Processing Time 0.031 seconds

마멸입자가 운동이력이 다른 금속재료의 마찰 마멸현상에 미치는 영향

  • 황동환;김대은;이상조
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
    • /
    • 1995.10a
    • /
    • pp.807-810
    • /
    • 1995
  • The effects of weae particles on the friiction and wear behavior of metals in dry sliding conditions are presented. The tribological test were performed using pure metal specimens which were selected based on their degrees of compatibility and hardness ratio. Friction and wear experiments were conducted using both pin-on-disk and reciprocating pin-on-plate type tribotesters to investigate the effect of motion history. Experimental results show that in the case of dry sliding the frictional behavior observed during pin-on-disk test differed form that of pin-on-reciprocator test for the given set of material pairs. The friction coefficient and wear rate were found to be higher for the pin-on-disk tests. It is suspected that the sliding motion of the pin affects the wear particle dynamics, which in turn influences the frictional behavior. The effect of material pair properties seemed to be relatively smaller than that of wear particles. The results of this paper is expected to aid in the design of mechanical systems for best tribological performance.

  • PDF

A Study on Status Incompatibility and Marital Conflict Resolution Method. (부부간의 지위부조화와 갈등해결방법에 관한 연구)

  • 이영숙
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
    • /
    • v.8 no.1
    • /
    • pp.49-67
    • /
    • 1990
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the relations between marital status incompatibility and the ways of dealing with marital conflict. Research was conducted by interview using questionnaire on 177 employed wives. Statistics used for data analysis were frequency distribution, percentage, t-test, chi-square test. 1) In resolving marital conflict four types of method are appeared, namely constructive method, passive method, evasion and physical violence. 2) Only physical violence of husband-to-wife of the four methods is related to status in-compatibility. That is the incidence rate of physical violence of husband-to-wife in incompatible couples is higher than that of compatible couples in conflict situations. 3) In case the wife's occupational status is high relative to her husband the incidence rate of physical violence of husband-to-wife is extremely high, but is significantly low in couples which are compatible in this status. 4) In case wife's status advance ent is controlled, there is significant relationship between status incompatibility and the method of conflict resolution by husband whose wife is status striver.

  • PDF

Compatibility inspection for the way for Decision about Bight Flow Profile of Standard River Design (하천설계기준의 만곡부 수면형 결정 방법에 대한 적용성 검증)

  • Choi, Han-Kuy;Che, Hong-Gi;Baek, Hyo-Sun
    • Journal of Industrial Technology
    • /
    • v.26 no.B
    • /
    • pp.43-51
    • /
    • 2006
  • Through the result of calculating the deviation between the value calculated from two-dimensional number formula, one-dimensional number interpretation, and curving part water surface type calculation method, we could confirmed that the deviation is reduced more than 50% when we use curving part water surface type calculation method. Also it was confirmed that there occurs the reduction rate of maximum 59% as the result of comparing with one-dimensional number interpretation since the reduction rate of safe room height was 20%, in 500 CMS of flood water quantity when we planted the construction of levee by curving part water surface type calculation method. And therefore, we have confirmed that the curving water surface type calculation method can be used as a simple formula in rivers with water quantity less than 500 CMS that flows in and out in Jess than 90 degree angle.

  • PDF

SAR Variation by EMI Paint Distribution on Front Case of Mobile Handsets

  • Lee Won Kew;Son Ji Myoung;Yang Woon Geun
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
    • /
    • summer
    • /
    • pp.339-342
    • /
    • 2004
  • In this paper, we investigated methods to reduce SAR(Specific Absorption Rate) value with EMI(Electromagnetic Interference) paint distribution on front case of mobile handset. Simulations for several different EMI patterns were carried out. For the purpose of modeling, we used 3 dimensional CAD(Computer Aided Design) program, `Pro-engineering'. SAR simulation was done with SEMCAD, simulation platform for electromagnetic compatibility antenna design and dosimetry. In order to distinguish the individual pieces and to enable an assignment of the different material properties, each subfile was imported separately. In simulation, folding angle was set to $142^{\circ}.$ If we vary folding angle, different SAR value will be obtained. Among the tested EMI paint patterns, the hairpin pattern showed the best performance, i.e. the decrease efficiency of $16.5\%$ and horizontal-direction zigzag pattern showed the decrease efficiency of $12.2\%$ when we set the completely removed pattern as reference.

  • PDF

Electromagnetic Compatibility Study of a Medical Lead for MRI Systems (자기공명영상시스템에서의 의료용 리드선의 전자기적 호환 연구)

  • Yoo, Hyoungsuk
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
    • /
    • v.65 no.12
    • /
    • pp.2019-2022
    • /
    • 2016
  • In the presence of an electrically conducting medical lead, radio frequency (RF) coils in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems may concentrate the RF energy and cause tissue heating near the lead. A novel design for a medical lead to reduce this heating by introducing pins in the lead is presented. Peak 10 g specific absorption rate (SAR) in heart tissue, an indicator of heating, was calculated and compared for both conventional (Medtronic) lead design and our proposed design. Remcom XFdtd software was used to calculate the peak SAR distribution in a realistic model of the human body. The model contained a medical lead that was exposed to RF magnetic fields at 64 MHz (1.5 T), 128 MHz (3 T) and 300 MHz (7 T) using a model of an MR birdcage body coil. The proposed design of adding pins to the medical lead can significantly reduce the heating from different MRI systems.

Co-sintering of M2/316L Layers for Fabrication of Graded Composite Structures

  • Firouzdor, V.;Simchi, A.;Kokabi, A.H.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
    • /
    • 2006.09a
    • /
    • pp.696-697
    • /
    • 2006
  • This paper presents the densification and microstructure evolution of bilayer components made from 316L stainless steel and M2 High speed steel during co-sintering process. The sintering was carried out at temperatures ranging from $1230-1320^{\circ}C$ in a reducing atmosphere. The addition of boron to 316L was examined in order to increase the densification rate and improve the sintering compatibility between the two layers. It was shown that the mismatch strain bettwen the two layers induces biaxial stresses during sintering, influencing the densification rate. The effect of boron addition was also found to be positive as it improves the bonding between the two layers.

  • PDF

Development and Characterization of Ru CMP Slurry (Ru CMP Slurry의 개발 및 특성평가)

  • Kim, In-Kwon;Kwon, Tae-Young;Park, Jin-Goo;Park, Hyung-Soon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
    • /
    • 2006.11a
    • /
    • pp.57-58
    • /
    • 2006
  • In MIM (metal insulator metal) capacitor, Ru (ruthenium) has been suggested as new bottom electrode due to its excellent electrical performance, a low leakage of current and compatibility to the high dielectric constant materials. In this case of Ru bottom electrode, CMP (chemical mechanical planarization) process was needed m order to planarize and isolate the bottom electrode. In this study, the effect of chemical A on polishing and etching behavior was investigated as functions of chemical A concentration, abrasive particle and pressure. Chemical A was used as oxidant and etchant. The thickness of passivation layer on the treated Ru surface increased with the increase of chemical A concentration. The etch rate and removal rate of Ru were increased by the addition of chemical A. The removal rate was highest m slurry of pH 9 with the addition of 0.1 M chemical A and 2 wt% alumina at 4 psi. The maximum removal rate is about 80 nm/min.

  • PDF

A Study on Anisotropic Etching Characteristics of Silicon in TMAH/AP Solutions and Fabrication of a Diaphragm (TMAH/AP 용액의 실리콘 이방성 식각특성 및 다이아프램 제작에 대한 연구)

  • 윤의중;김좌연;이태범;이석태
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
    • /
    • 2003.07b
    • /
    • pp.1033-1036
    • /
    • 2003
  • In this paper, Si anisotropic etching characteristics of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH)/ ammonium persulfate (AP) solutions were investigated to realize the optimum structure of a diaphragm for the piezoresistive pressure sensor application. Due to its low toxicity and its high compatibility with the CMOS processing, TMAH was used as Si anisotropic etchants. The variations of Si etch rate on the etching temperature, TMAH concentration, and etching time were obtained. With increasing the etching temperature and decreasing TMAH concentrations, the Si etch rate is increased while a significant non-uniformity exists on the etched surface because of formation of hillocks on the <100> surface. With the addition of AP to TMAH solution, the Si etch rate is increased and an improvement in flatness on the etching front is observed. The Si etch rate is also maximized with increasing the number of addition of AP to TMAH solution per one hour. The Si square diaphragms of 20${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ thickness and 100~400${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ one-side length were fabricated successfully by applying optimum Si etching conditions of TMAH/AP solutions.

  • PDF

The Etching Characteristics of TMAH/AP for the Diaphragm Fabrication of Pressure Sensors (압력센서용 다이아프램 제작을 위한 TMAH/AP 식각특성)

  • 윤의중;김좌연
    • Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
    • /
    • v.2 no.4
    • /
    • pp.19-22
    • /
    • 2003
  • In this paper, Si anisotropic etching characteristics of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH)/ammonium persulfate (AP) solutions were investigated to realize the optimum structure of a diaphragm for the piezoresistive pressure sensor application. Due to its low toxicity and its high compatibility with the CMOS processing, TMAH was used as Si anisotropic etchants. The variations of Si etch rate on the etching temperature, TMAH concentration, and etching time were obtained. With increasing the etching temperature and decreasing TMAH concentrations, the Si etch rate is increased while a significant non-uniformity exists on the etched surface because of formation of hillocks on the <100> surface. With the addition of AP to TMAH solution, the Si etch rate is increased and an improvement in flatness on the etching front is observed. The Si etch rate is also maximized with increasing the number of addition of AP to TMAH solution per one hour. The Si square diaphragms of 20$\mu\textrm{m}$ thickness and 100-400 $\mu\textrm{m}$ one-side length were fabricated successfully by adding AP of (5/6)g to 800 ml TMAH solution every 10 minutes.

  • PDF

A Comparative Study on the Injection Rate Characteristics of Conventional and F-T Synthetic Gasoline Under Various Fuel Temperatures (다양한 연료온도 조건에 있어서의 기존 가솔린과 F-T합성 가솔린의 분사율 특성 비교 연구)

  • Jihyun Son;Gyuhan Bae;Seoksu Moon
    • Journal of ILASS-Korea
    • /
    • v.28 no.3
    • /
    • pp.143-149
    • /
    • 2023
  • Amidst the drive towards carbon neutrality, interest in renewable synthetic e-fuels is rising rapidly. These fuels, generated through the synthesis of atmospheric carbon and green hydrogen, offer a sustainable solution, showing advantages like high energy density and compatibility with existing infrastructure. The physical properties of e-fuels can be different from those of conventional gasoline based on manufacturing methods, which requires investigations into how the physical properties of e-fuels affect the fuel injection characteristics. This study performs a comparative analysis between conventional and Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) synthetic gasoline (e-gasoline) across various fuel temperatures, including the cold start condition. The fuel properties of F-T synthetic and conventional gasoline are analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique and the injection rates are measured using a Bosch-tube injection rate meter. The F-T synthetic gasoline exhibited higher density and kinematic viscosity, but lower vapor pressure compared to the conventional gasoline. Both fuels showed an increase in injection rate as the fuel temperature decreased. The F-T synthetic gasoline showed higher injection rates compared to conventional gasoline regardless of the fuel temperature.