• Applied Microscopy
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.377-382
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• 1999

Osteoporosis means a deficiency in the amount of bone tissue in the skeleton or part of the skeleton. Osteoporosis is a lesion, not a specific disease. 'Osteoporotic' describes the slate of a bone or skeleton at a given time. Osteoporosis may be diagnosed subjectively by visual appraisal, or objectively by measurement of radiographs, sawn bones, or microscopic sections. This study was carried out to make clear of the influence of ovariectomy on time course of fibular osteoporosis in rats. Seven weeks after ovariectomy, osteoporosis was evident, when the size of the bone marrow cavities significantly increased and the width from the bone marrow cavity and cortex significantly decreased than normal.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.406-414
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• 2023

Dedifferentiated fat cells (DFATs) isolated from mature adipocytes have a multilineage differentiation capacity similar to mesenchymal stem cells and are considered as promising source of cells for tissue engineering. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) have been reported to stimulate bone formation both in vitro and in vivo. However, the combined effect of BMP9 and LIPUS on osteoblastic differentiation of DFATs has not been studied. After preparing DFATs from mature adipose tissue from rats, DFATs were treated with different doses of BMP9 and/or LIPUS. The effects on osteoblastic differentiation were assessed by changes in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization/calcium deposition, and expression of bone related genes; Runx2, osterix, osteopontin. No significant differences for ALP activity, mineralization deposition, as well as expression for bone related genes were observed by LIPUS treatment alone while treatment with BMP9 induced osteoblastic differentiation of DFATs in a dose dependent manner. Further, co-treatment with BMP9 and LIPUS significantly increased osteoblastic differentiation of DFATs compared to those treated with BMP9 alone. In addition, upregulation for BMP9-receptor genes was observed by LIPUS treatment. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, significantly inhibited the synergistic effect of BMP9 and LIPUS co-stimulation on osteoblastic differentiation of DFATs. LIPUS promotes BMP9 induced osteoblastic differentiation of DFATs in vitro and prostaglandins may be involved in this mechanism.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2015

Purpose: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) therapy has drawn attention, as an alternative to anti-resorptive drugs since PTH accelerates bone density by anabolic action. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of intermittent PTH administration on jaw bones of rat undergone bilateral ovariectomy. Materials and Methods: Nine female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups. PTH group was ovariectomized (OVX) to induce osteoporosis and PTH $30{\mu}g/kg$ was administered 1 week after the surgery. In OVX group, ovariectomy was performed and only vehicle was administered by subcutaneous injection 3 times per week. Control group was subjected to sham surgery. The animals were sacrificed 8 weeks after the surgery and specimens were obtained from ilium and upper and lower jaw bones. Histological investigation was carried out by using an optical microscope and micro-computed tomography was taken to examine structural property changes in each bone sample. Result: In the ilium, the bone volume ratio (bone volume/total volume, BV/TV) of PTH, OVX and control groups was $53.75%{\pm}7.57%$, $50.61%{\pm}12.89%$, $76.20%{\pm}5.92%$ (P=0.061) and bone mineral density (BMD) was $1.12{\pm}0.09$, $0.88{\pm}0.48$, $1.38{\pm}0.07g/cm^3$ (P=0.061). In the mandible, BV/TV of PTH, OVX and control groups was $64.60%{\pm}12.17%$, $58.26%{\pm}9.63%$, $67.54%{\pm}14.74%$(P=0.670) and BMD was $1.21{\pm}0.17$, $1.19{\pm}0.13$, $1.27{\pm}0.18g/cm^3$ (P=0.587). In the maxilla, BV/TV of PTH, OVX and control groups was $61.19%{\pm}8.92%$, $52.50%{\pm}11.22%$, $64.60%{\pm}12.17%$ (P=0.430) and BMD was $1.20{\pm}0.11$, $1.11{\pm}0.16$, $1.21{\pm}0.17g/cm^3$ (P=0.561). No statistically significant difference was found in any variables in all groups. Histological observation revealed that the ilium in OVX group demonstrated sparsely formed trabecular bones compared with other groups. However, upper and lower trabecular bones did not present significant differences. Conclusion: Intermittent administration of PTH appears to affect the microstructure of rat jaw bones, but statistical significance was not found. However, the measurements in this study partly implicated the possible anabolic effect of PTH in vivo.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.128-141
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• 2005

Objective : This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Eucommiae Cortex on the osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. Materials and Methods : We used Sprague-Dawley female rats in 8-week-old. They were divided into three groups. Sample group was ovariectomized and administered with 10 mg/100 g/day Eucommiae Cortex extract solution for 10 weeks. Control group was ovariectomized and sham group was conducted by sham's operation. And control group and sham group were administered with normal saline as the same way. We measured rats's body and uterus weight and also measured the serum levels of Ca, phosphorus and ALP. We stained the specimens of rat's tibial bones with Goldner's modified Masson's Trichrome and then examined bone histomorphometry with Bioquant computer program of image analysis system. We measured the thickness of osteoid and callus as static parameters and measured bone volume and mineral apposition rate as dynamic parameters. We observed the expressions of RANKL and OPG mRNA of the tibial bone by RT-PCR. Results : The body weight was significantly (p<0.05) increased in control and sample groups compared with sham group, respectively. The uterus weight was significantly (p<0.05) decreased in control and sample group compared with sham group. In the change of Ca, phosphorus and ALP there were no significant changes among three groups. There were no significant changes of trabecula cortical and osteoid bones' thickness and volume. But trabecula mineral apposition rate (MAR) was significantly (p<0.05) increased in sham and sample group compared with control group. In the expression of RANKL mRNA, sample group was decreased compared with control group, and in that of OPG mRNA, sample group was increased compared with control group. Conclusion : This study shows that Eucommiae Cortex has the beneficial effects on bone histomorphometry and metabolism in the ovariectomized rats. We suggest that Eucommiae Cortex be useful for the treatment of osteoporosis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.19-19
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• 2003

Osteoporosis is usually considered a disease of older women reported the rate, pattern and determinants of bone loss, far less information is available for men although it is also common in men [1,2]. The three major causes of osteoporosis in men are excessive alcohol intake, long-term glucocorticoid therapy, and hypogonadism [3,4]. In process of bone resorption, type I collagen crosslinking molecules, pyridinoline (PYD) are released into the circulation and cleared by the kidney. $^2$H$_2$O as a tracer has been applied to measure synthesis rates of slow-turnover proteins and successfully applied to bone collagen synthesis, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle in rat. The objective of this study was to examine osteoporosis and alcohol-induced changes of femur and liver in post-menopausal males using the developed method. (omitted)

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 1996

This study was performed to determine the ideal mixing ratio of toothash and plaster of Paris. The histopathologic and histomorphometric study of bone response of five implant materials, toothash(Group A), tooth and plaster mixture, mixing ratio due to weight 2 : 1(Group B), 3 : 1(Group C), 4 : 1(Group D), and plaster Paris(Group E), were performed in rat calvarial defect. No sign of extensive inflammatory reaction was defected. Newly-formed bony ingrowth occurred in all experimental groups except for group E at 12 weeks after operation. Bone was deposited directly on the surface of implant materials. The highest rate of direct bony union between implant material and newly-formed bone occurred with the group B, followed group C, D, and A.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.32-36
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• 1979

The author studied on the side effects of x-ray irradiation to the developing mandible of the gestation and period of grow the stage rats. For experimental observation, 100 rads, 200 rads, and 300 rads of x-ray were irradiated in regular order at the lower abdomen of the 8th day gestated rats. 5 weeks after conception, their offspring were sacrificed and their mandibles were extracted with intact form. All the extracted mandible were examined for their developing modes histological findings. The results were as followed 1) In 100-200 rads irradiated rats offsprings, their mandidles were not revealed any morphological changes except of the irregular pattern of trabeculatum. In accompany with this findings, most of all the fibroblasts and osteoclasts had their nucleus with shrunken and eccetric position. 2) In according to the increasing x-ray irradiation, marked advent of osteoclast and cortical bone resorption were observed. 3) In 300 rads irradiated rats offsprings, there irregular pattern of trabeculae and windening of bone morrow cavity in their alveolar proper.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.309-312
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• 2010

Objective : This study describes a method for inducing osteopenia using bilateral ovariectomy (OVX), which causes significant changes in bone mineral density (BMD) in rats. Methods : Twenty-five 10-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were used. Five rats were euthanized after two weeks, and BMD was measured in their femora. The other 20 rats were assigned to one of two groups : a sham group (n = 10), which underwent a sham operation, and an OVX group (n = 10), which underwent bilateral OVX at 12 weeks of age. After six weeks, five rats from each group were euthanized, and BMD was measured in their femora. The same procedures were performed in the remaining rats form each group eight weeks later. Results : The femur BMD was significantly lower in the six-week OVX group than in the six-week sham group, and in the eight-week OVX group than in the eight-week sham group. Conclusion : Bilateral OVX is a safe method for creating an osteopenic rat model. The significant decrease in BMD appears six weeks after bilateral OVX.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.349-350
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• 2006

In this module, RED Light Emitting Diode was employed to replace for Low level He-Ne laser for medical applications Each experiment was performed to irradiation group and non-irradiation group for both Dog bone marrow and Rat tissue cells. MTT assay method was chosen to verify the cell increase of two groups and the effect of irradiation on cell proliferation was examined by measuring 590nm transmittance of ELISA reader. As a result, the cell increase of 37% on Dog bone marrow, 23% on Rat tissue cells was verified m irradiation group as compared to non-irradiation group. The fact that specific wavelength irradiation has an effect on cell vitality and proliferation is known through this study.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.15-28
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of water extract of Samki-eum Gamibang (SKG) on osteoblast proliferation in murine calvarial cells. Methods : The osteoblast separated from calvariae of murine was cultivated and evaluated the function of cell. After the addition of SKG on the culture medium, we investigated the effect of SKG on the cell viability, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, bone matrix protein synthesis and collagen synthesis of the cultivated osteoblast.Results : SKG increased the survival rate and proliferation of rat calvarial osteoblast. SKG increased ALP activity, bone matrix protein synthesis and collagen synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. Conclusions : This study suggests that SKG has effect on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) resulting from increase of osteoblast function.