• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.35-49
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• 2003

Family factors included in this study of the relation of family environment to the moral development of young children were: socioeconomic status, maternal values, mother's religion and the quality of the home environment. Forty-one 6- to 7-year-old children and their mothers were interviewed and observed in their home settings. Results indicated that the quality of the home environment was positively related to the moral development of children. Mothers who provided a more stimulating home environment had children who received higher scores on the Moral Development Scale. Regression analyses indicated that the quality of the home environment was the most significant predictor of the moral development of young children.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.3
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• pp.356-364
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• 2012

This study was to estimate the biomass of Mt. Changbai mountain area using the IKONOS imagery and field survey data. Then, we prepared the regression function using the vegetation index derived from the IKONOS and biomass estimated from field measured data of previous studies, respectively. The five vegetation index which used in the regression model was SAVI, NDVI, SR, ARVI, and EVI. As a result, the rank of the R-square from coefficient of correlation was as follow, SAVI(0.84), NDVI(0.73), SR(0.59), ARVI(0.0036), EVI(0.0026). Finally, we estimated the biomass of non-measured area using the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI). This study can be used as reference methodology for the estimation of carbon sinks of primary forest.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2157-2162
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• 2012

Objective: The PI3K/PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway has been implicated in resistance to cisplatin. In the current study, we determined whether common genetic variations in this pathway are associated with platinum-based chemotherapy response and clinical outcome in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods: Seven common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in core genes of this pathway were genotyped in 199 patients and analyzed for associations with chemotherapy response, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Logistic regression analysis revealed an association between AKT1 rs2494752 and response to treatment. Patients carrying heterozygous AG had an increased risk of disease progression after two cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy compared to those with AA genotype (Adjusted odds ratio (OR)=2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-4.77, which remained significant in the stratified analyses). However, log-rank test and cox regression detected no association between these polymorphisms in the PI3K pathway genes and survival in advanced NSCLC patients. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that genetic variants in the PI3K/PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway may predict platinum-based chemotherapy response in advanced NSCLC patients in a Chinese population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.3575-3581
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• 2016

Background: Cancer survival analysis is an essential indicator for effective early detection and improvements in cancer treatment. This study was undertaken to document colorectal cancer survival and associated prognostic factors in Malaysians. Materials and Methods: All data were retrieved from the National Cancer Patient Registry-Colorectal Cancer. Only cases with confirmed diagnosis through histology between the year 2008 and 2009 were included. Retrieved data include socio-demographic information, pathological features and treatment received. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate analysis of all variables was then made using the Log-rank test. All significant factors that influenced survival of patients were further analysed in a multivariate analysis using Cox' regression. Results: Total of 1,214 patients were included in the study. The overall 3- and 5-year survival rates were 59.1% and 48.7%, respectively. Patients with localized tumours had better prognosis compared to those with advanced stage cancer. In univariate analysis, staging at diagnosis (p<0.001), primary tumour size (p<0.001), involvement of lymph nodes (p<0.001) and treatment modalities (p=0.001) were found to be predictors of survival. None of the socio-demographic characteristics were found to exert any influence. In Cox regression analysis, staging at diagnosis (p<0.001), primary tumour size (p<0.001), involvement of lymph nodes (p<0.001) and treatment modalities (p<0.001) were determined as independent prognostic factors of survival after adjusted for age, gender and ethnicity. Conclusions: The overall survival rate for colorectal cancer patients in Malaysia is similar to those in other Asian countries, with staging at diagnosis, primary tumor size, involvement of lymph node and treatment modalities having significant effects. More efforts are needed to improve national survival rates in future.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.131-148
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the associations of job stress and burnout with the quality of life (QOL) among 119 emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Methods: Using a descriptive correlational design, 260 EMTs working in D City or S City completed the questionnaires. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine the predictors of QOL among 119 EMTs. Results: Overall, there was relatively low job stress among 119 EMTs. There were significant differences in job stress and burnout by general characteristics, especially regarding those of gender, service career, job rank, and self-reported health. In a hierarchical multiple regression, general characteristics explained 29% of QOL (Model I, F=16.369, p<.001). The explanatory power for QOL increased to 49% upon adding job stress (Model II, F=18.737, p<.001), and 59% upon adding burnout (Model III, F=22.621, p<.001). In the last model, self-reported health (${\beta}=.316$, p<.001), job demand (${\beta}=-.130$, p=.009), job insecurity (${\beta}=-.136$, p=.010), lack of reward (${\beta}=-.189$, p=.001), emotional exhaustion (${\beta}=-.196$, p=.004) and lack of personal accomplishment (${\beta}=-.334$, p<.001) were significant predictors of QOL among 119 EMTs. Conclusion: Based on the results, it is necessary to assess and manage job stress and burnout systematically among EMTs, and to develop health improvement programs for better QOL.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.229-245
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• 2012

Bridge vibration displacements have been directly measured by LVDTs (Linear Variable Differential Transformers) or laser equipment and have also been indirectly estimated by an algorithm of integrating measured acceleration. However, LVDT measurement cannot be applied for a bridge crossing over a river or channel and the laser technique cannot be applied when the weather condition is poor. Also, double integration of accelerations may cause serious numerical deviation if the initial condition or a regression process is not carefully controlled. This paper presents an algorithm of estimating bridge vibration displacements using vibration strains measured by FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) sensors and theoretical mode shapes of a simply supported beam. Since theoretically defined mode shapes are applied, even high modes can be used regardless of the quality of the measured data. In the proposed algorithm, the number of theoretical modes is limited by the number of sensors used for a field test to prevent a mathematical rank deficiency from occurring in computing vibration displacements.89The proposed algorithm has been applied to various types of bridges and its efficacy has been verified. The closeness of the estimated vibration displacements to measured ones has been evaluated by computing the correlation coefficient and by comparing FRFs (Frequency Response Functions) and the maximum displacements.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1477-1485
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• 2016

The Pythagorean theorem for baseball based on the number of runs they scored and allowed has been noted that in many baseball leagues a good predictor of a team's end of season won-loss percentage. We study the convergence characteristics of the Pythagorean expectation formula during the baseball game season. The three way ANOVA based on main effects for year, rank, and baseball processing rate is conducted on the basis of using the historical data of Korean professional baseball clubs from season 2005 to 2014. We perform a regression analysis in order to predict the difference in winning percentage between teams. In conclusion, a difference in winning percentage is mainly associated with the ranking of teams and baseball processing rate.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.100-110
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• 1999

The objectives of this study are twofold: (1) to evaluate the cockpit of three Korean air force fighters such as F-4, F-5, and F-16 in an ergonomic perspective and (2) to measure the musculoskeletal discomfort of the fighter pilots. For the study, 369 air force pilots from 7 squadrons were surveyed. The study shows that the cockpit design of F-16 is superior to the others. However, F-4 is the worst among them. Statistical analyses reveal that the seat in the cockpit raised the most complaints, regardless of types of fighter planes. The main problems with the seat included inappropriate designs of the backrest angle, seat cushioning, and parachute harness. Also frequently cited are various control switches, control stick, rudder pedal, and the throttle. That these items lack human integration is found in remote positions and improper dimensions. The implications of these findings are discussed. The self-reported musculoskeletal complaints show that the main discomfort is on the back and neck. Also, the buttocks, shoulders, and the legs/knees are common sites of discomfort. A stepwise regression analysis shows that the back discomfort, is mainly caused by the use of the seat, rudder pedal, control stick, and switches. A Spearman rank correlation coefficient test also reveals that job dissatisfaction of the pilots is related to the complaints with the cockpit and musculoskeletal discomfort. These findings suggest that more comprehensive studies for cockpit design in the aspects of functional anthropometry of Korean pilots are needed to reduce the musculoskeletal discomfort.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.58 no.12
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• pp.41.1-41.7
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• 2016

Background: Over two decades of observations in the field in South East Asia and Hawai'i suggest that majority of the commercial dairy herds are of black hair coat. Hence a simple study to determine the accuracy of the observation was conducted with two large dairy herds in Hawaii in the mid-1990s. Methods: A retrospective study on longevity of Holstein cattle in the tropics was conducted using DairyComp-305 lactation information coupled with phenotypic evaluation of hair coat color in two large dairy farms. Cows were classified into 3 groups: a) black (B, >90%); b) black/white (BW, 50:50) and c) white (W, >90%). Cows with other hair coat distribution were excluded from the study. In farm A, 211 out of 970 cows were identified having 4 or more lactations. In farm B, 690 out of 1,350 cows were identified with 2 or more lactations for the study. Results: The regression analyses and the Wilcoxon-Log-rank test for survival probability showed that Holstein cattle with 90% black hair coat had greater longevity compared to Holstein cattle with 90% white hair coat. Conclusions: This study suggests that longevity of Holstein cattle in tropical regions was influenced by hair coat color and characteristics.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.13-22
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• 2015

This study confirmed that the organizational health of nurses have an effect on customer orientation. This survey was conducted March 1 to 31, 2014 and a total of 210 questionnaires were used in the analysis. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, factor analysis, and regression analysis were used to analyze the collected data in the SPSS software package. The findings are summarized as follows: First, the business environment and community-oriented organizations on health factors had an influence on customer orientation(p<.05, p<.001). Among the demographic factors, graduating from college as relevant to customer orientation. Seniority and rank in the lower tier showed that customer orientation is vulnerable. Second, when leadership was added to a conventional model, it had no significant effect on the dependent variables. The influence of community-oriented business environment factors on customer orientation was statistically significant(p<.01). In the result, we should apply proper organizational health factors to hospitals by investigating leadership, because there was difference in customer orientation according to type of leadership.