• 제목/요약/키워드: Rank Reduction

검색결과 107건 처리시간 0.024초

Effects of Packaging on Storage Stability and Chlorophyll Contents of Dried, Roasted and Roasted-Seasoned Laver during Storage (포장지에 따른 건조, 구이, 조미김의 저장 안전성과 Chlorophyll 함량에 관한 연구)

  • 이숙경
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.134-139
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    • 1999
  • The relationship between storage stability and chlorophyll contents of dried laver(DL), roasted laver(RL) and roasted seasoned laver(RSL) according to packaging during storage at 20$\pm$0.5$^{\circ}C$ were investigated by measuring the acid value(AV) and the peroxide value(POV). There results are as follows; 1.The storage stability was decreased in the rank of 0 < 3< 6 < 9 months by storage term, RL < DL < RSL by the kind of laver products and PP/PE/AL/PE/LLDPE(Al) < PP/PE(PP) y packaging. 2. When the silica gel was added to RSL, the storage stability was improved. The more the addition level of silica gel was increased, the more the storage stability was improved. The rank order was 2g < 4g in RSL. 3. Reduction of the total chlorophyll content in RSL were deacreased to 10% when packed with Al and 24% when packed with PP.

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Use of Rank Sum Method in Identifying High Occupational Dose Jobs for ALARA Implementation

  • Cho, Yeong-Ho;Kang, Chang-Sun
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제30권5호
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    • pp.444-451
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    • 1998
  • The cost-effective reduction of occupational radiation exposure (ORE) dose at a nuclear power plant could not be achieved without going through an extensive analysis of accumulated ORE dose data of existing plants. It is necessary to identify what are high ORE jobs for ALARA implementation. In this study, the Rank Sum Method (RSM) is used in identifying high ORE jobs. As a case study, the database of ORE-related maintenance and repair jobs for Kori Units 3 and 4 is used for assessment, and top twenty high ORE jobs are identified. The results are also verified and validated using the Friedman test, and RSM is found to be a very efficient way of analyzing the data.

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중국 의약품시장에 대한 수출효과 분석 - 관서인하에 따른 수출증대 영향 연구 -

  • 김종권
    • Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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    • 대한안전경영과학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.255-263
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    • 2003
  • The drug industry of China is faster than before, so it will rank 5$^{th}$ at world-wide markets in 2010. This is because of expansion of purchase power on increase in economic growth, extended human life expectancy. As it is entered the WTO in January 2002, it will positively affect on export of Korea for China. This paper focuses on the analysis of export increase caused by reduction of custom tariff in China. The time schedule on average reduction of custom tariff is 15% in 2000, 10% in 2005, 5% in 2010. As the empirical test, it presents 8.48% export increase rate for China of Korea on reduction of custom tariff.

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Factors affecting the reduction rate of odontogenic cysts after decompression based on 3-dimensional volumetric analysis

  • Sarawut Wongrattanakarn;Vorapat Trachoo;Boosana Kaboosaya;Pornkawee Charoenlarp;Net-nada Chongruangsri;Patcharapit Promoppatum
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • 제53권4호
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    • pp.313-323
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the potential factors that could affect the reduction rate of odontogenic cysts following decompression using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for 3-dimensional volumetric analysis. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of CBCT images of 41 individuals who underwent decompression of odontogenic cysts at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, between 2010 and 2022. Preoperative and postoperative CBCT results were collected, and a volumetric analysis was conducted to evaluate the differences in the reduction rate and the percentage of volume reduction of cystic lesions based on different parameters. Correlations between these parameters were analyzed to determine associations. Results: In this study, the average time of decompression for odontogenic cysts was 316 days. Males demonstrated a higher reduction rate than females (P<0.05). The reduction rate was directly proportional to initial cyst volume, with higher reduction rates for cysts with large initial volume than those with small initial volume (P<0.05). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient indicated a weak positive correlation between the initial cyst volume and the duration of decompression. Additionally, a strong positive correlation was observed between the initial volume and the reduction rate. Conclusion: Knowledge of the reduction rate of odontogenic cysts is vital for surgeons to evaluate the duration of decompression before enucleation and to determine a definitive treatment plan. Sex and initial lesion volume had significant effects on the reduction rate.

A study on effect related to health industry through WTO entrance of China (중국(中國) WTO 가입(加入) 및 관세인하(關稅引下)에 따른 4개 분야(分野) 보건산업(保健産業) 수출(輸出)에 대한 연구(硏究))

  • Kim, Jong-Kwon
    • THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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    • 제27권
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    • pp.165-181
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    • 2005
  • The health industry of China is faster than before, so it will be rank 5th at world-wide markets in 2010. Firstly, the custom tariff was lower at 15% in 2000 and at 10.4% on June 2005. And, it will be lower into 9.8% in 2010. Secondly, this is because of expansion of purchase power on increase in economic growth, extended human life expectancy. As it is entered the WTO in January 2002, it will positively affect on export of Korea for China. This paper focuses on the analysis of export increase caused by reduction of custom tariff in China. As above mentioned, the time schedule on average reduction of custom tariff was 15% in 2000, 10.4% in 2005. Then, it will be lower into 9.8% in 2010. As the empirical test related health industry, it presents 19.80% export increase rate for China of Korea on reduction of custom tariff from 2001 to 2010. The exporting of drug for China will be up to 17.85% for 10 years. Also, the exporting of Biomedical will be up to 20.99%, and respectively 22.95%, 22.60% in Cosmetics and food industry. Conclusionally, the exporting of this health industry will be increase greatly, compared with any other industries. So, it is necessary that firms increase in R&D investment and government support as policy for health industry.

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Decreased Effectiveness on Cytotoxicity of Metal-Metal and Metal-Chelator Combinations (중금속 상호간의 작용 및 착화제에 의한 세포독성의 억제효과)

  • Kim, Jai-Min
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.115-118
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    • 1996
  • The study on the cytotoxicities of heavy metals, metal-metal and metal-chelator combinations was carried out to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of those on mouse L929 fibroblasts. The colorimetric assays (NR and MTT) were conveniently carried out in 96-well microtiter plates. The rank order was Cd > Zn Ni > Cr(III) for the heavy metals tested. Examination of the effect of metal-metal interaction on cytotoxicity showed a moderate reduction of cadmium toxicity by zinc. The colorimetric assays were also effectively used to investigate the effect of the chelators, ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and chitosan. Reduction of heavy metal toxixity by chelator was efficient.

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An Efficient Matrix-Vector Product Algorithm for the Analysis of General Interconnect Structures (일반적인 연결선 구조의 해석을 위한 효율적인 행렬-벡터 곱 알고리즘)

  • Jung, Seung-Ho;Baek, Jong-Humn;Kim, Joon-Hee;Kim, Seok-Yoon
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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    • 제38권12호
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    • pp.56-65
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    • 2001
  • This paper proposes an algorithm for the capacitance extraction of general 3-dimensional conductors in an ideal uniform dielectric that uses a high-order quadrature approximation method combined with the typical first-order collocation method to enhance the accuracy and adopts an efficient matrix-vector product algorithm for the model-order reduction to achieve efficiency. The proposed method enhances the accuracy using the quadrature method for interconnects containing corners and vias that concentrate the charge density. It also achieves the efficiency by reducing the model order using the fact that large parts of system matrices are of numerically low rank. This technique combines an SVD-based algorithm for the compression of rank-deficient matrices and Gram-Schmidt algorithm of a Krylov-subspace iterative technique for the rapid multiplication of matrices. It is shown through the performance evaluation procedure that the combination of these two techniques leads to a more efficient algorithm than Gaussian elimination or other standard iterative schemes within a given error tolerance.

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The Effect on the Steam Gasification Reaction of Low-Rank Coal Mixed with Waste Catalysts (저급 석탄과 혼합한 폐촉매의 수증기 가스화 반응에 미치는 영향)

  • Kwak, Jaehoon;Seo, Seokjin;Lee, Sojung;Song, Bungho;Sohn, Jung Min
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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    • 제23권6호
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    • pp.647-653
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    • 2012
  • We have investigated the kinetics and activity of waste catalysts for steam-lignite gasification. Waste catalysts I, II, III and reference $K_2CO_3$ were used and physical mixed with a coal. The gasification experiments were carried out with the low rank coal loaded with 1 wt% and 5 wt% catalyst at the temperature range from 700 to $900^{\circ}C$ using thermobalance reactor. It was observed that the carbon conversion reached almost 100% regardless of the kinds of catalysts at $900^{\circ}C$. The shortest time to reach the designated conversion was obtained for 1 wt% waste catalyst II and 5 wt% $K_2CO_3$ at $900^{\circ}C$. The gasification reaction rate constant increased with increasing the temperature. Highest rate constant was obtained with $K_2CO_3$ at $900^{\circ}C$. The lowest activation energy was 69.42 kJ/mol for 5 wt% waste catalyst II. The waste catalyst had an influence on the reduction of activation energy.

Comparative Analysis of Multiattribute Decision Aids with Ordinal Preferences on Attribute Weights (속성 가중치에 대한 서수 정보가 주어질 때 다요소 의사결정 방법의 비교분석에 관한 연구)

  • Ahn Byeong Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.161-176
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    • 2005
  • In a situation that ordinal preferences on multiattribute weights are captured, we present two solution approaches: an exact approach and an approximate method. The former, an exact solution approach via interaction with a decision-maker, pursues the progressive reduction of a set of non-dominated alternatives by narrowing down the feasible attribute weights region. Subsequent interactive questions and responses, however, sometimes may not guarantee the best alternative or a complete rank order of a set of alternatives that the decision-maker desires to have. Approximate solution approaches, on the other hand, can be divided into three categories including surrogate weights methods, dominance value-based decision rules, and three classical decision rules. Their efficacies are evaluated in terms of choice accuracy via a simulation analysis. The simulation results indicate that a proposed hybrid approach, intended to combine an exact solution approach through interaction and a dominance value-based approach, is recommendable for aiding a decision making in a case that a final choice is seldom made at single step under attribute weights that are imprecisely specified beyond ordinal descriptions.

Development of Treatment Process for Residual Coal from Biosolubilization

  • Rifella, Archi;Shaur, Ahmad;Chun, Dong Hyuk;Kim, Sangdo;Rhim, Young Joon;Yoo, Jiho;Choi, Hokyung;Lim, Jeonghwan;Lee, Sihyun;Rhee, Youngwoo
    • Clean Technology
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.119-126
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    • 2018
  • This study introduced a treatment process that was developed to treat Indonesian low-rank coal with high-ash content, which has the same characteristics as residual coal from the biosolubilization process. The treatment process includes separation of ash, solid-liquid separation, pelletizing, and drying. To reduce the ash content, flotation was performed using 4-methyl-2-pentanol (MIBC) as frother, and kerosene, waste oil, and cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) as collectors. The increasing amount of collector had an effect on combustible coal recovery and ash reduction. After flotation, a filter press, extruder, and an oven drier were used to make a dried coal pellet. Then another coal pellet was made using asphalt as a binder. The compressive strength and friability of the coal pellets were tested and compared.