• KIEAE Journal
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2009

High-rise and high-density apartment complexes have been built and supplied on a large scale in the 1st period New Town of metropolitan areas since the late 1980s. Recently it has become necessary to improve those apartment complexes which have blight problems for aging more than about 20 years accompanying simultaneity and a large scale. The purpose of this study is to analyze actual conditions of high-rise and high-density apartments in a view of sustainable regeneration. The contents and methods of this study are as follows. First, the concept of high-rise and high-density in domestic apartment developments were identified through review of literature and the law. Second, development conditions of Bundang new town and 1st period new town were studied. Third, the evelopment conditions of high-rise and high-density apartments in cases of 6 apartment complexes were analyzed from points of view of sustainable development by literature review and a field study. The results of this study are as follows. First, high-density range in domestic apartments can be conceptualized as 600 persons/ha. High-rise range in domestic apartments can be onceptualized as more than 11 stories under 30 stories. Second, characteristics and subjects based on actual conditions analysis could suggest on physio-environmental aspect and socio-economic aspect. Major characteristics and subjects of the physio-environmental aspect were 1.satisfaction of convenient facilities and public transportation service, 2.shortage of parking space, 3.uniform & blight of community facilities, 4.uniformed building layout, and 5.uniform pattern of unit plan and low flexibility by the bearing wall structure. And those of the socio-economical aspect were 1.satisfaction of current community, 2.increase and diversity of needs of the elderly by socio-demography change, 3.improvement of size and method of apartment complex development and 4.raising of economic-sufficiency.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Influence of Infra red(IR) and myofascial release(MRF) on the range of motion and pain in persons with neck pain. Methods : 24 subjects with neck pain participated in the experiment. All subject randomly assigned to the IR group and MFR group. Both groups receive 10minutes, 3 times per week during 3 weeks period. laser exercise(LEX) used to measure range of motion of neck and visual analog scale(VAS) used to measure pain. All measurements of each subject were measured at pre-treatment and post-treatment. Results : 1. The neck flexion, extension, right-sidebending, left-rotation, right-rotation range of motion of MFR group was significantly increased.(P<0.05). 2. The neck left-sidebending, left-rotation, right-rotation range of motion of IR group was significantly increased.(P<0.05). 3. As to compare two group, MFR group increases ROM more than IR group. Conclusion : These data suggests that MFR is more beneficial than IR.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2023

For one-shot systems such as 81mm high-explosive ammunition, research on performance prediction is insignificant due to research manpower infrastructure and lack of interest and difficulties in securing field data, which can only be done by special task workers. In order to evaluate the actual range of ammunition, the storage ammunition reliability evaluation checks the range by firing actual ammunition through a functional test. Test evaluation is a method of extracting a sample from the population, launching it, and recording the results accordingly. As a result of these tests, the range, which is an indicator of ammunition performance, can be measured differently according to meteorological factors such as temperature, atmospheric pressure, and humidity according to the location of the test site. In this study, various environmental factors generated at the test site and storage period analyze the correlation with the range, which is the performance of ammunition, and analyze the priority of importance for each factor and the numerical standards that environmental factors affect range. Through this, a new approach to one-shot system performance prediction was presented.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.225-234
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• 2021

Objective: We aimed to identify the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching on pain, hip range of motion, and functional disability in patients with chronic low back pain. Design: Randomized controlled trial Methods: In total, 45 patients with chronic low back pain were randomly divided into a conventional stretching group (n=22) and a PNF stretching group (n=23). Both interventions were performed three times per week for 6 weeks. Assessments were made using the visual analog scale, Flexion-Abduction-External Rotation test, modified Thomas test, prone hip extension test, and Oswestry disability index before and after the 6-week intervention period. We conducted a paired t-test to compare the within-group findings before and after the intervention. An independent t-test was used to compare the between-group differences. The statistical significance level was set at α=0.05, for all variables. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in pain, hip range of motion, and functional disability after the intervention (p<0.05). A significant difference was observed in pain, hip range of motion, and functional disability in patients belonging to the PNF stretching group (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the application of PNF stretching can effectively reduce pain and improve hip range of motion and functional disability in patients with chronic low back pain.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.61-65
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• 1978

To investigate the phytoplankton distribution effected by polluted water, this research was carried out at eight sampling places in Tae-jun and one sampling place in Kang-kyong during the period from May 10 to July 25, 1977. The results are as follows. 1) The range of water temperature was 21.0~36.0$\circ$C (May 10~July 25), and pH value was in the range of 3.5~11.0. 2) BOD was generally high (140~432mg/l) 3) At the places where BOD was high, dominant species were Aphanocapsa rivularis, Microcystis aeruginosa and Oscillatoria sp. belonging to Cyanophyta, Chlorella sp. belonging to Chlorophyta, Euglena sp. belonging to Euglenophyta, and Navicula exqua and Navicula sp. belonging to Chrysophyta. 4) At the places where the range of pH value was 3.5~3.8 and the range of BOD value was 134~148mg/l, observable species were Scenedesmus ellipsoideus and Pandorina morurn belonging to Chlorophyta, Navicula exqua belonging to Chrysophyta and Euglena sp. belonging to Euglenophyta. 5) At the places where the range of pH value was 9.0~11.0 and the range of BOD value was 214~220mg/l, a few observable species were Scenedesmus carinatus, Scenedesmus ellipsoideus, Scenedesmus bijuga and Scenedesmus obundance belonging to Chlorophyta.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2007

In order to evaluate the local site effects at two town fortress areas in Korea where stone parapets were col-lapsed by historical earthquakes, site characteristics were assessed using site investigations such as borehole drillings and seismic tests. Equivalent-linear site response analyses were conducted based on the shear ways velocity ($V_s$) profiles and geotechnical characteristics determined from site investigations. The study sites are categorized as site classes C and B according to the mean $V_s$ to 30 m ranging from 500 to 850 m/s, and their site periods are distributed in the short period range of 0.06 to 0.16 sec, which contains the natural period of fortress wall and stone parapet. From the results of site response analyses in the study areas, for site class C indicating most of site conditions, contrary to site class B, the short-period (0.1-0.5 sec) and mid-period (0.4-2.0 sec) site coefficients, $F_a$ and $F_v$ specified in the Korean seismic design guide, underestimate the ground motion in short-period band and overestimate the ground motion in mid-period band, respectively, due to the high amplification in short period range, which represent the site-specific seismic response characteristics. These site-specific response characteristics indicate the potential of resonance in fortress walls during earthquake and furthermore could strongly affect the collapse of parapets resulted from seismic events in historical records.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2017

Background: Increased frequency of comminuted clavicle mid-shaft fractures and importance of functional satisfaction through early joint exercise has resulted in higher emphasis on surgical treatments. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical radiological results of treatment of clavicle mid-shaft fractures by open reduction and internal fixation using a plate with a small incision. Methods: The subjects of this study were 80 clavicle mid-shaft fracture cases treated with internal fixation using a plate from October 2010 to July 2014. Clavicle mid-shaft fractures were internally fixated using anatomical plates or locking compression plates. Achievement of bone union, union period, and clavicle length shortening were evaluated radiologically, and clinical assessment was done by using Constant and University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) scores. Results: All 80 cases were confirmed to have achieved bone union through radiographs with an average union period of 10.9 weeks (range: 7-18 weeks). The average clavicle length of shortening in the affected side was 1.8 mm (range: 0-17 mm). The average UCLA score and Constant score were 33.6 (range: 25-35) and 92.5 (range: 65-100), respectively. Regarding complications, four cases reported skin irritation by metal plates, and one case reported a screw insertion site fracture due to minor trauma history. Conclusions: We were able to induce successful bone union and obtain clinically satisfactory results in displaced mid-shaft fractures of the clavicle without major complications such as nonunion through treatment of internal fixation using a plate.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 1983

A hundred and eleven patients of mitral valvular heart disease, who were operated at Seoul National University Hospital, were analysed with echocardiogram before and after operation during the period from November 1979 to February 1982. Twenty-eight patients had mitral stenosis and eighty-three mitral regurgitation. In patients with mitral stenosis, right ventricular end-diastolic volume was in normal range at preoperative and postoperative period. But the left ventricular end-systolic volume was slightly increased preoperatively to 35.4mm and decreased to 33.5mm on immediate postoperative period and 32.5mm after a year later. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume was 50.5mm preoperatively and fell to 46.8mm postoperatively. Ejection fraction was normal preoperatively and postoperatively without changes. Left atrial size fell significantly from 50ram to 37.6mm at the time of late follow-up study. With mitral regurgitation, right ventricular end-diastolic volume was also normal preoperatively and postoperatively. The left ventricular end-systolic volume was increased to 41.9mm and decreased to 31.6mm postoperatively with statistic significance. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume fell from 58.5mm to 45.7mm significantly at the time of late follow-up period. Ejection fraction was also within normal range and had no changes postoperatively. Left atrial size fell from 54.8mm to 45.5mm on a year later [ p value less than 0.01 ]. When atrial fibrillation, the left atrial dimension was increased as 54.9mm compared with 46.8mm of no atrial fibrillation patients.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.648-659
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Hand Acupressure Therapy on lower back pain, hip joint range of motion, and depression in postpartum women. Methods: Data was collected from March 21 to May 1, 2022 from 40 postpartum women. 𝛘²-test, independent t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Scheffe's test were performed using SPSS/WIN 21.0. Results: Compared with the control group, the lower back pain score of the experimental group that performed Hand Acupressure therapy was lower, and the angle of joint range of motion was increased. Postpartum depression scores were also shown to decrease, and all of these results were statistically significant. Conclusions: Based on this study, it was confirmed that Hand Acupressure therapy can be used as an effective non-invasive intervention for back pain, joint range of motion, and postpartum depression, and suggested the implications and direction of further research.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2013

In this work, we investigate the statistical properties of gamma exposure rates using well-known analysis methods, such as Autocorrelation Function Analysis(ACF), Rescaled Range Analysis(R/S Analysis), and Detrended Fluctuation Analysis(DFA). Especially, DFA is an important method to reliably detect long-range correlations in non-stationary time series. Our data are measured by Gangneung regional radiation monitoring station over the period of 1998 to 2011. First, we find a crossover indicating two different governing regimes in fluctuations of gamma exposure rates. Within a year, they show a strong long-ranged memory while this property vanishes over the range of time period longer than one year. Second, our finding is very securely supported by a variety of analysis tools. Those tools yield many relevant exponents which satisfies the well known relation between them.