• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.27-30
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• 2001

Flow and transport at fracture intersections, and their effects on network scale transport, are investigated in three-dimensional random fracture networks. Fracture intersection mixing rules complete mixing and streamline routing are defined in terms of fluxes normal to the intersection line between two fractures. By analyzing flow statistics and particle transfer probabilities distributed along fracture intersections, it is shown that for various network structures with power law size distributions of fractures, the choice of intersection mixing rule makes comparatively little difference in the overall simulated solute migration patterns. The occurrence and effects of local flows around an intersection (local flow cells) are emphasized. Transport simulations at fracture intersections indicate that local flow circulations can arise from variability within the hydraulic head distribution along intersections, and from the internal no flow condition along fracture boundaries. These local flow cells act as an effective mechanism to enhance the nondiffusive breakthrough tailing often observed in discrete fracture networks. It is shown that such non-Fickian (anomalous) solute transport can be accounted for by considering only advective transport, in the framework of a continuous time random walk model. To clarify the effect of forest environmental changes (forest type difference and clearcut) on water storage capacity in soil and stream flow, watershed had been investigated.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.909-937
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• 2011

Energy efficiency is one of the most critical issues in the design of wireless sensor networks. In object-tracking sensor networks, the data storage and query processing should be energy-conserving by decreasing the message complexity. In this paper, a Prediction-based Energy-conserving Approximate StoragE schema (P-EASE) is proposed, which can reduce the query error of EASE by changing its approximate area and adopting predicting model without increasing the cost. In addition, focusing on reducing the unnecessary querying messages, P-EASE enables an optimal query algorithm to taking into consideration to query the proper storage node, i.e., the nearer storage node of the centric storage node and local storage node. The theoretical analysis illuminates the correctness and efficiency of the P-EASE. Simulation experiments are conducted under semi-random walk and random waypoint mobility. Compared to EASE, P-EASE performs better at the query error, message complexity, total energy consumption and hotspot energy consumption. Results have shown that P-EASE is more energy-conserving and has higher location precision than EASE.

• Water Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.49-61
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• 2005

This paper presents the numerical study to examine characteristics of fluid flow and solute transport in a rough fracture subject to effective normal stresses. The aperture distribution is generated by using the self-affine fractal model. In order to represent a nonlinear relationship between the supported normal stress and the fracture aperture, we combine a simple mechanical model with the local flow model. The solute transport is simulated using the random walk particle following algorithm. Results of numerical simulations show that the flow is significantly affected by the geometry of aperture distribution varying with the effective normal stress level while it is slightly affected by the fractal dimension that determines the degree of the fracture surface roughness. However, solute transport is influenced by the effective normal stress as well as the fracture surface roughness.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.170-174
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• 2014

In this paper, an unknown input estimation method via the optimal FIR smoother is proposed for linear discrete-time systems. The unknown inputs are represented by random walk processes and treated as auxiliary states in augmented state space models. In order to estimate augmented states which include unknown inputs, the optimal FIR smoother is applied to the augmented state space model. Since the optimal FIR smoother is unbiased and independent of any a priori information of the augmented state, the estimates of each unknown input are independent of the initial state and of other unknown inputs. Moreover, the proposed method can be applied to stochastic singular systems, since the optimal FIR smoother is derived without the assumption that the system matrix is nonsingular. A numerical example is given to show the performance of the proposed estimation method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.366-370
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• 2001

한정된 무선 채널로 보다 많은 가입자에게 이동통신 서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 무선 채널의 효율을 높여야 하며 이를 위해 효율적인 위치등록 방법이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 이동기준 위치등록(movement-based registration, MBR)과 거리기준 위치등록(distance-based registration, DBR)의 성능을 평가하고 두 위치등록 방법의 성능을 비교한다. 본 연구에서는 육각형 셀 환경하에서 2차원 랜덤워크 모형 (2-dimensional random walk model)에 기반을 둔 이동성 모형을 이용하여 MBR과 DBR의 위치등록 부하를 구한다. 특히 기존의 수식과는 다른 형태의 DBR의 위치등록 부하에 대한 식을 제시하고 이를 이용하여 DBR이 MBR에 비하여 항상 우수한 성능을 나타냄을 보인다. 또한 다양한 경우에 대한 수리적 결과를 통하여 무선 채널에서의 신호 트래픽을 최소로 해 주는 최적 제어변수의 값을 제시한다. 본 연구의 결과는 시스템의 운용환경에 따라 적절한 위치등록 방법을 평가하는 데에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1450-1455
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• 2005

This paper describes a DR construction for land navigation and the sigma point based receding horizon Kalman FIR (SPRHKF) filter for DR/GPS hybrid navigation system. A simple DR construction is adopted to improve the performance both of the pure land DR navigation and the DR/GSP hybrid navigation system. In order to overcome the flaws of the EKF, the SPKF is merged with the receding horizon strategy. This filter has several advantages over the EKF, the SPKF, and the RHKF filter. The advantages include the robustness to the system model uncertainty, the initial estimation error, temporary unknown bias, and etc. The computational burden is reduced. Especially, the proposed filter works well even in the case of exiting the unmodeled random walk of the inertial sensors, which can be occurred in the MEMS inertial sensors by temperature variation. Therefore, the SPRHKF filter can provide the navigation information with good quality in the DR/GPS hybrid navigation system for land navigation seamlessly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2010.06c
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• pp.16-21
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• 2010

잠재 의미를 색인하는 것은 문서 색인에 있어서 그 색인 품질에 주요한 요인을 차지한다. 본 논문에서 살펴보는 의미 확산 방법은 문서 집합에 나타나는 단어들의 의미적 연관성을 바탕으로 활성화 작용 모델(spreading activation model)을 구축하고 색인 대상 문서의 단어 분포를 출발점으로 삼아, 그 모델 안에서 의미적으로 수렴할 수 있도록 랜덤 워크 방법(random walk method)1)을 수정한 변형 방법을 이용해 확률을 확산시킨다. 이 방법은 단어 사이의 연관성을 따라 탐색하며 동의어와 다의어 등 단순 단어 일치로는 알 수 없는 의미적 유사 단어들이 의미 있는 확률 분포를 갖게 한다. 이는 단어들의 의미 분포를 가중치 그래프를 통해 보다 합리적으로 다루게 된다. 실험에서는 문서 분류를 시행하여 평균 정확도 및 정확도-재현율 곡선을 산출하였고, 비교 실험을 통해서 전반적인 우수성을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.171-192
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• 2010

In general, a stock index and its individual stocks are assumed to follow a random walk. A stock index is an important source of information and one that is seen by people everyday, regardless of their investment intentions. This paper examines the correlation between the KOSPI-the index that best reflects the Korean stock market and the macro - economic variables that have been found to influence the index by previous studies. The sample period considers the years after 2000 when the Korean stock market matured as restrictions on foreign investors were removed. For this purpose, a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and KOSPI equation with a general pacific approach were used. This paper aims at verifying the factors that determined the KOSPI after 2000 and at examining whether there was structural change in the investment environment. It also investigates changes in the factors determining the KOSPI's performance as a result of structural changes in the investment environment. The V AR (Vector Autoregressive) model including the nine variables was selected as a baseline model whose stability was tested using the unit root test. The results from the VECM and the structural changes in the investment environment can be summarized by the following Inner story points.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.18-29
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• 2004

Partial quenching structure of diffusion flames in a turbulent mixing layer has been investigated by the method of flame hole dynamics in oder to develope a prediction model for the phenomenon of turbulent flame lift off. The present study is specifically aimed to remedy the shortcoming of the stiff transition of the conditioned partial burning probability across the crossover condition by employing the level-set method which enables us to include the effect of finite flame edge propagation speed. In light of the level-set simulation results with two models for the edge propagation speed, the stabilizing conditions for turbulent lifted flame are suggested. The flame hole dynamics combined with the level-set method yields a temporally evolving turbulent extinction process and its partial quenching characteristics is compared with the results of the previous model employing the flame-hole random walk mapping based on three critical scalar dissipation rates. The probability to encounter reacting state, conditioned with scalar dissipation rate, demonstrated that the conditional probability has a rather gradual transition across the crossover scalar dissipation rate. Such a smooth transition is attributed to the finite response of the flame edge propagation.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1365-1377
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• 2019

Summarizing the differences in Chinese-Vietnamese bilingual news plays an important supporting role in the comparative analysis of news views between China and Vietnam. Aiming at cross-language problems in the analysis of the differences between Chinese and Vietnamese bilingual news, we propose a new method of summarizing the differences based on an undirected graph model. The method extracts elements to represent the sentences, and builds a bridge between different languages based on Wikipedia's multilingual concept description page. Firstly, we calculate the similarity between Chinese and Vietnamese news sentences, and filter the bilingual sentences accordingly. Then we use the filtered sentences as nodes and the similarity grade as the weight of the edge to construct an undirected graph model. Finally, combining the random walk algorithm, the weight of the node is calculated according to the weight of the edge, and sentences with highest weight can be extracted as the difference summary. The experiment results show that our proposed approach achieved the highest score of 0.1837 on the annotated test set, which outperforms the state-of-the-art summarization models.