• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.1599-1609
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• 2020

Objective: This study was designed to determine how feeding diets differing in crude protein (CP) and undegraded intake protein (UIP) levels affected productivity, blood metabolites, carcass characteristics, and the production economics of Hanwoo steers. Methods: Thirty-six Hanwoo steers (age = 8.2±0.5 mo; body weight = 254±16.1 kg) were assigned at random to one of three treatments (4 steers/pen; 3 pens/treatment): i) a low-CP diet (LP; control) containing 12.1% CP with 35.1% UIP, 12.0% CP with 36.8% UIP, and 12.9% CP with 48.8% UIP, in the growing, fattening, and finishing periods, respectively; ii) a high-CP, low-UIP diet (HPLU) containing 15.0% CP with 33.7% UIP, 14.0% CP with 35.7% UIP, and 13.1% CP with 46.7% UIP, respectively; and iii) a high-CP, high-UIP diet (HPHU) containing 15.0% CP with 45.8% UIP, 14.0% CP with 44.6% UIP, and 13.0% CP with 51.1% UIP, respectively. Results: The treatments did not affect feed intake and growth performance, except for average daily gain during the fattening period that tended to be the lowest (p = 0.08) in the HPLU-fed steers. The feed CP conversion ratio over the entire feeding period was higher with high-CP diets. The treatments did not affect most blood metabolites; however, blood cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein concentrations during the fattening and finishing periods were the lowest in steers fed a HPLU diet. The treatments had negligible effects on cold carcass weight, yield traits including longissimus muscle area, backfat thickness, yield index, and yield grade, plus quality traits including meat color, fat color, texture, and maturity. However, marbling score and frequency of carcass quality grade 1⁺⁺ were greater in HPHU-fed steers. Conclusion: Feeding diets with higher CP and UIP levels did not affect growth performance but tended to improve the carcass quality of Hanwoo steers, resulting in greater economic return.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권11호
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• pp.1666-1684
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• 2023

Objective: Our objective was to examine the relationships of supplemental rumen-protected lysine (RPL) or lysine + methionine (RPLM) on lactational performance, plasma amino acids (AA) concentration, and nitrogen use efficiency of lactating dairy cows by using a meta-analysis approach. Methods: A total of 56 articles comprising 77 experiments with either RPL or RPLM supplementation were selected and analyzed using a mixed model methodology by considering the treatments and other potential covariates as fixed effects and different experiments as random effects. Results: In early lactating cows, milk yield was linearly increased by RPL (β₁ = 0.013; p<0.001) and RPLM (β₁ = 0.014; p<0.028) but 3.5% fat-corrected milk (FCM) and energy-corrected milk (ECM) (kg/d) was increased by only RPL. RPL and RPLM did not affect dry matter intake (DMI) but positively increased (p<0.05) dairy efficiency (Milk yield/DMI and ECM/DMI). As a percentage, milk fat, protein, and lactose were unchanged by RPL or RPLM but the yield of all components was increased (p<0.05) by feeding RPL while only milk protein was increased by feeding RPLM. Plasma Lys concentration was linearly increased (p<0.05) with increasing supplemental RPL while plasma Met increased (p<0.05) by RPLM supplementation. The increase in plasma Lys had a strong linear relationship (R² = 0.693 in the RPL dataset and R² = 0.769 in the RPLM dataset) on milk protein synthesis (g/d) during early lactation. Nitrogen metabolism parameters were not affected by feeding RPL or RPLM, either top-dress or when supplemented to deficient diets. Lactation performance did not differ between AA-deficient or AA-adequate diets in response to RPL or RPLM supplementation. Conclusion: RPL or RPLM showed a positive linear relationship on the lactational performance of dairy cows whereas greater improvement effects were observed during early lactation. Supplementing RPL or RPLM is recommended on deficient-AA diet but not on adequate-AA diet.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.83-95
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• 1980

The purpose of this study is to investigate the reasons of Object Attachment Occurrence in infant and the meanings of it in his early development. For this purpose, the following hypotheses were supposed. 1. Infant's object Attachment will be a substitutional for mother attachment when he has opportunities to his mother during his first years. 2. Infant's Object Attachment will not impede the infant's normal development. In order to test this hypotheses 28 mothers whose infants show or have shown this phenomenon and 28 mothers whose infants show or have shown this phenomenon and 28 mothers whose infants do not show this one were interviewed about their child rearing practice and attitude. They were selected by the random sampling method from 310 household wives living at a delux Apt. in Seoul. The results obtained in this study are as follow ; 1. The less opportunities infant has for 1) his mother's breast feeding 2) having physical contact with his mother 3) spending time with his mother 4) receiving prompt response from his mother to his crying, the more he is apt to show this phenomenon. And infant whose first main attachment figure is not his mother also shows the same apt. 2. There was no difference between two groups in intelligence and personality. So it can be concluded that infant's Object Attachment is a substitutional phenomenon for mother attachment in the mother during his first years, and it does not impede infant's normal development.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.1251-1258
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• 2011

일반적으로 다산 한우암소는 미경산 혹은 어린 한우암소에 비하여 낮은 육질을 나타내는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 현재까지 다산 한우 암소 비육을 위한 사료급여방법에 대한 연구는 매우 미비하다. 본 연구는 두 개의 서로 다른 사료로 구성된 사료급여방법이 다산 한우 암소의 육생산과 육질에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 대조구로는 일반 비육우사료 급여를 사용하였다. 처리구의 사료는 두 개의 서로 다른 단백질 수준으로 구성되어 있으며 14.28%의 단백질 사료는 비육초기에 급여하였으며, 12.70%의 단백질 수준은 출하 전까지 급여하였다. 대조구는 일반비육우사료(12.39% CP)를 사용하였다. 사양실험은 3개의 농장에서 수행되었다. 농장A에서는 29두의 다산 한우암소를 처리구 그리고 3두를 대조구로 공시하였다. 농장B와 농장C에서는 처리구와 대조구에 각각 8두와 3두 그리고 11두와 4두를 공시하였다. 실험사료들은 총 211일 동안 급여하였고, 처리구의 비육전기사료는 4개월간 급여하였고, 나머지는 비육후기 사료를 급여하였다. 평균일당증체량, 등지방두께, 등심면적, 도체중, 육량지수, 근내지방, 육색 및 조직감등을 분석하였다. 통계처리는 렌덤효과모형[8]을 사용하였다. 처리의 정적효과는 평균일당증체량, 등지방두께, 등심면적, 도체중 및 근내지방에서 나타났으며, 육량지수, 육색 및 조직감은 처리구의 부적효과가 나타났다. 모든 분석항목에서 통계적 유의성이 발견되지 않았는데 이것은 농장별 실험결과의 분산이 매우 컸기 때문이다. 그러나 통합적 효과에 있어 평균일당증체량, 등지방두께, 등심면적 및 도체중에 대한 90% 신뢰구간은 정적효과 방향으로 나타났으며, 나머지 분석항목의 90% 신뢰구간은 부적효과의 방향으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 다산 한우암소비육에 있어 비육전기기간의 고단백질 사료 급여는 육생산성 향상 및 육질 개선의 효과를 나타낼 수 있다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.133-143
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• 1975

Most of mothers place their babies in either supine or prone position without change of position. Studies comparing supine and prone position of the newborn infants -have already been performed with the result that the prone position is relatively better than the supine position. However, one kind of position recommended to the mothers is not sufficient for the good rearing practice of children, because the same position placed for period long of time may bring out physical, mental tension and fatigue, and deformities of the skull and the thorax. For this reason nurses have to find out other position which has identical or more advantages than prone position so as to perform the position change for the babies. Main purpose of this study is to identify the differences of vital signs, the number of urination, defecation, diaper rash, crying and amount of feeding of the newborn infants with prone position or lateral position during the first three days of life. Sixty two newborn infants who were delivered at Seoul National University Hospital during the period from July 1 to September 5, 1974 were chosen as subjects for this study. The criteria for the choice of subjects were the babies born with vaginal delivery; body weight 2.5kg or over at birth; Apgar score Seven or over; and gestation period between thirty-eight months ana forty- two months. Of these subjects, by random sampling, thirty-one newborn infants were placed in the prone position and the other thirty-one in the lateral position. The results of this study reviewed in a statistical analysis of the t-test to obtain the following findings : 1. The heart rates of babies in the prone position were the mean heart rates of 135.03 and those in the lateral position 135.98 without any statistically significant difference. 2. There was no significant difference of respiration rate between two groups : a group in the prone position showed the mean respiration rates of 45,57 and the other in the lateral position 46.49. 3. There was no significant difference of body temperature between two groups: the mean body temperature of a group placed in the prone position was 98$^{\circ}$18'F(36$^{\circ}$77'C) and that of the other group 98$^{\circ}$20'F(36$^{\circ}$78'C). 4. One baby showed diaper rash only in a group of infants in the prone position. 5. The number of crying of the babies in the prone position were 23.70 and those in the lateral position 30.00 with a statistical difference at 5 percent level. 6, There was no difference of frequency of urination between two groups: the mean frequency of a group placed in tile prone position was 5.44 and that of the other group 5.06, 7. There was no significant difference of frequency of defecation between two groups : the mean frequency of a group placed in the prone position was 4.20 and that of tile other group 4.21, 8. There was no significant difference of feeding amount between two groups : the average amount of a group in the prone position showed 325.03 and that of the other group in the lateral position 291.51. All the above results mean that we may substitute tile lateral position for the Prone position or utilize both position for tile rearing practice of the babies.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 양질 조사료의 급여가 한우 비육우의 사양성적, 육생산성 및 육질에 미치는 효과를 메타분석기법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 효과분석은 국내에서 수행된 논문들을 대상으로 총 5편의 들을 인용하였다. 양질조사료를 급여한 시험구를 처리구로 하고 볏짚을 급여한 시험구를 대조구로하여 처리구 결과와 대조구 결과의 평균차를 이용하여 효과의 크기를 분석하였고, 요약효과는 임의효과모형을 이용하여 산출하였다. 그 결과, 사양성적에 대한 정의효과는 사료섭취량, 일당증체량, 종료 체중 및 사료효율 모두에서 나타났으며, 유의성은 일당 증체량에서만 발견되었다. 육생산량에 대한 정의효과는 도체중, 배측최장근 면적 및 생산성 지수에서 나타났고, 등지방두께에서는 부의효과가 나타났다. 유의성은 도체중과 배최장근 면적에서만 나타났다. 육질에 대한 정의효과는 marbling score와 지방색에서 정의 효과가 나타났으며, 육색은 부의효과가 나타났으나 유의적 효과는 발견되지 않았다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.148-153
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• 1994

우리나라에서 발생하는 주요 벼 바이러스로써 저항성 유전자원이 없어 현재까지 저항성 품종이 육성되지 못하고 있는 흑조위축병(Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus, RBSDV)에 대한 유전정보에 대하여 연구하였다. 매개충인 보독 애멸구를 이용하여 이병주를 생산한 후 바이러스 입자를 순수 분리하여 전기영동한 결과 10개의 band를 확인하였다. RBSDV RNA로부터 역전사 효소를 이용 cDNA를 합성한 후 ${\lambda}gt11$에 삽입하여 cDNA library를 만들었다. 이 library에서 6개의 단편을 선발하였으며 그중 한 개의 clone(pRV3)은 hybridization을 통해 RBSDV 게놈 조각 3번 유래인 것을 확인하였다. pRV3의 염기서열을 결정한 결과 2개의 ORF의 일부분들을 갖고 있었으며 이것은 바이러스 저항성 작물개발에 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.1729-1735
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• 2004

A total of 140 weaning pigs were used to determine the effects of digestive enzyme supplementation to corn-soybean meal diets on growth performance, physiological changes of small intestine, microorganisms and pH in the gastrointestinal tract. Two kinds of enzyme complex (A, B) were used in this experiment. Pigs were allotted in a completely random design (CRD) to five replicates with four pigs per pen. Diets and water were provided for ad libitum consumption. Treatments included 1) Control: without enzyme supplementation, 2) Enzyme A 0.05%, 3) Enzyme A 0.10%, 4) Enzyme A 0.15%, 5) Enzyme B 0.05%, 6) Enzyme B 0.10%, 7) Enzyme B 0.15% in the diets. A total of 24 crossbred barrows 25.78${\pm}$0.55 kg BW fitted with simple ileal T-cannulas were used to evaluate the effect the enzyme addition on the nutrient digstibility. Pigs were allotted 4 treatments (No enzyme, enzyme A 0.05%, enzyme A 0.1%, enzyme A 0.15%), 6 replicates according to a completely random design (CRD). Another digestibility trial was followed for enzyme complex B. Twenty pigs, average 31.92${\pm}$0.37 kg BW, fitted with simple ileal T-cannulas for digestibility trial. Neither enzyme A nor enzyme B affected on fecal or ileal digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash (p>0.05). The apparent fecal digestibilities of all the nutrients were higher in total feces collection method than in indirect method. At the end of feeding trial, 21 pigs were slaughtered for examining the morphological changes of small intestine and the concentration of microorganisms in the ileum and the colon. Growth performance, intestinal morphology and pH of ileum and colon were not affected by the either enzyme complex supplementation (p>0.05). These results suggested that enzyme complex A and enzyme complex B were of no benefit to early-weaned pigs when corn-soybean meal based diet was provided.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.501-509
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• 2018

연구목적: UAV기반의 사진측량은 기존 항공촬영에 비해 비용이 절감될 뿐만 아니라 원하는 시간과 장소에 대한 고해상도의 데이터를 취득하기 용이하기 때문에, 공간정보 분야에서도 UAV를 활용한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 UAV 기반의 고해상도 영상을 활용하여 토지피복 분류를 수행하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 고해상도 영상의 획득을 위하여 RGB카메라를 사용하였으며, 추가적으로 식생지역을 정확하게 분류하기 위해서 다중분광 카메라를 사용하여 동일 지역을 추가 촬영하였다. 최종적으로 RGB 및 다중분광 카메라를 이용하여 생성된 정사영상, DSM(Digital Surface Model), NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), GLCM(Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix)을 이용하여 대표적인 감독분류기법인 RF(Random Forest)방법을 이용해 총 7개 클래스에 대해 토지피복분류를 수행하였다. 연구결과: 분류정확도 평가를 위해 오차행렬을 기반으로 한 정확도 평가를 실시하였으며, 정확도 평가 결과 RGB 영상만을 이용한 감독분류결과와 비교하여 제안 방법이 해당 지역의 클래스를 효과적으로 분류할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 결론: 본 연구에서 제안한 정사영상, 다중분광영상, NDVI, GLCM을 모두 추가한 경우 기존의 정사영상만을 이용하였을 때 보다 높은 정확도를 나타냈다. 추후 연구로는 추가적인 입력자료의 개발을 통해 분류 정확도를 향상시키고자 한다.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.255-260
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• 1991

차동증폭과 A/D(analog-to-digital) 변환 회로를 마이크로프로세서(microprocessor)로 작동되는 데이타로거(data logger)에 연결하여 부산-하마다간의 해저케이블 전압변동을 기록하는 장치를 개발하였다. 이 장치는 저가격, 소형, 저전력소모가 특징이며 계기의 전압드리프트(drift)가 정밀수정되고, 무인자동으로 다량의 자료저장과 모뎀(modem)에 의한 자료전달이 가능하다. 케이블 전압 및 전류 이외에 실내온도와 수은전지 전압을 측정하는데, 이는 온도영향에 따른 오차보정과 장기관 계기안정도를 확인하기 위한 것이다. 이 계기에 의한 관측자료에 의하면 부산해저중계국에서의 전압신호는, 약 0.2 볼트의 일정한 폭의 높은 주파수의 잡음대로 이루어져 있는데, 조석과 비슷한 느린 주기로 약 1볼트 범위내에서 변동한다. 또한, 케이블 전원공급장치는 실내온도가 빠르게 변할 때 많은 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.