• Journal of Menopausal Medicine
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2018

Objectives: The present mini review aimed to summarize the existing knowledge regarding the beneficial and adverse effects of raloxifene in menopausal women. Methods: This study is a review of relevant publications about the effects of raloxifene on sleep disorder, depression, venous thromboembolism, the plasma concentration of lipoprotein, breast cancer, and cognitive function among menopausal women. Results: Raloxifene showed no significant effect on depression and sleep disorder. Verbal memory improved with administration of 60 mg/day of raloxifene while a mild cognitive impairment risk reduction by 33% was observed with administration of 120 mg/day of raloxifene. Raloxifene was associated with a 50% decrease in the need for prolapse surgery. The result of a meta-analysis showed a significant decline in the plasma concentration of lipoprotein in the raloxifene group compared to placebo (standardized mean difference, -0.43; 10 trials). A network meta-analysis showed that raloxifene significantly decreased the risk of breast cancer (relative risk, 0.572; 95% confidence interval, 0.327-0.881; P = 0.01). In terms of adverse effects of raloxifene, the odds ratio (OR) was observed to be 1.54 (P = 0.006), indicating 54% increase in the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) while the OR for pulmonary embolism (PE) was 1.05, suggesting a 91% increase in the risk of PE alone (P = 0.03). Conclusions: Raloxifene had no significant effect on depression and sleep disorder but decreased the concentration of lipoprotein. Raloxifene administration was associated with an increased risk of DVT and PE and a decreased risk of breast cancer and pelvic organ prolapse in postmenopausal women.

• 생약학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.332-339
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• 2020

Lentinus edodes (LE) is the first medicinal macrofungus to enter the realm of modern biotechnology. Lentinus edodes is well-known to have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. In this study, osteoporosis was induced by ovariectomy in female rats, and the prevention and treatment efficacy of the climacteric disease the postmenopausal type I pattern was examined using the experimental substance. Female rats were either sham-operated (sham; n = 5) or surgically ovariectomized (OVX; five animals per group) and then administered to OVX control, raloxifene hydrochloride 1 mg/kg/day, or LE (20 and 200 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks. LE treatment suppressed the ovariectomy-induced reduction of bone mineral density in the entire tibia as well as its metaphysis with a decrease of serum osteocalcin and interleukin-6 levels. In addition, LE is suggested to elevate the serum levels of progesterone hormones and prevent bone loss in ovariectomized rats. In conclusion, LE 200 mg/kg/day may have inhibitory effects on osteoporosis in OVX rats.

• 생약학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.333-342
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• 2016

In our study, osteoporosis was induced by ovariectomized in female rats, and the prevention and treatment efficacy of the climacteric disease the postmenopausal type I pattern was examined by using the experimental substance Cassia tora (CT) ethanol extracts. Female rats were either sham-operated (sham; n=5) or surgically ovariectomized (OVX; five animals per group) and then administered to OVX control, raloxifene hydrochloride (RLX) 1 mg/kg/day, or CT (20 and 200 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks. Serum osteocalcin and creatinine concentration were significantly lower in the CT 200 mg/kg/day group compared with the OVX control group. Serum progesterone concentration was significantly higher in the CT 200 mg/kg/day group compared with the OVX control group. Reduction grade of the trabecular bone decreased in the RLX 1 and CT 200 mg/kg/day group compared with that of the OVX control group. In conclusion, CT 200 mg/kg/day may have inhibitory effects on osteoporosis in OVX rats.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권11호
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• pp.1544-1551
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• 2016

본 연구는 칼슘 생체이용률 시험에 수컷 랫드를 이용하여 고함량 폴리감마글루탐산 청국장이 기존 청국장보다 칼슘의 생체이용률을 증가시키는지 알아보고자 실시하였다. 고함량 폴리감마글루탐산(PGA) 청국장 및 기존 청국장을 투여하고 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5시간에 채혈하여 칼슘 함량을 측정한 결과, 고함량 PGA 청국장이 기존 청국장보다 투여 후 3~5시간에 칼슘 흡수율이 증가할 것으로 생각한다. 골다공증 시험에 난소를 적출하여 폐경을 유도한 후 PGA 함유량이 증가한 청국장을 12주간 경구투여 하여 골다공증에 미치는 효과를 연구하고자 하였다. 혈청 검사에서 오스테오칼신은 청국장 200 mg/kg 투여군에서 OVX 대조군보다 유의성 있는 감소가 관찰되었고, 프로게스테론은 청국장 200 mg/kg 투여군에서는 OVX 대조군보다 유의성 있는 증가가 관찰되어 청국장이 골다공증 개선에 효과가 있는 것으로 생각한다. 간장 조직액의 지질과산화물은 OVX 대조군보다 대조약 및 청국장 투여군에서 모두 감소 경향이 관찰되어 청국장 투여로 지질과산화물 생성을 감소시키는 것으로 기대된다. 대퇴골에 대한 조직병리학적 검사에서 대퇴골 원위부 골간단의 해면골 감소가 대조약은 OVX 대조군보다 유의성 있는 감소가 관찰되었으며, 청국장 200 mg/kg 투여군에서도 감소가 관찰되어 청국장이 해면골 감소를 억제시키는 것으로 생각한다. 이상의 결과는 고함량 PGA 청국장이 기존 청국장보다 투여 후 3~5시간에 칼슘 흡수율을 증가시킬 것으로 생각하고, 난소적출 후에 일어나는 골격 대사의 이상에도 청국장이 골 교체율 억제, 호르몬 변화, 항산화 및 해면골 감소 억제 등 유익하게 나타남으로써 임상상 폐경기에 나타나는 골다공증을 어느 정도 예방시킬 수 있음을 시사하며, 폐경 후 여성의 골대사에 유익한 효과를 줄 것으로 생각한다.