• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.264-269
• /
• 2020

The study aimed to characterize chemical composition and anticancer property of the n-hexane fraction derived from Asiasari Radix et Rhizoma. The anticancer activity was evaluated on a panel of cancer cell lines including HN22, HSC2, HSC3, and HSC4 cells (human oral cancer), HCC827 and HCC827GR cells (human lung cancer), and KYSE30 and KYSE450 (human esophageal cancer) by MTS assay. As a result, The least polar subfraction from n-hexane-soluble layer displayed notable cytotoxicity on the tumor cell lines with IC50 ranging from 1.20 to 17.0 ㎍/ml. The chemical composition of constituents in the active subfraction was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oils comprised of sesquiterpenes including β-gurjunene (7.45%), γ-amorphene (6.61%), guaia-6,9-diene (6.40%), δ-guaiene (5.21%) and a phenylpropanoid, safrole (0.49%) were mainly identified in addition to long-chain hydrocarbons including n-heptadecane (24.60%), 7-hexadecene (4.44%) and a diterpenoid, ent-kaur-16-ene (6.57%).

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2019

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate recent clinical studies on the effect of herbal medicine in molluscum contagiosum in China, and to seek better methods to treat and study for molluscum contagiosum in Korea. Methods We searched the clinical studies from the China Academic Journal (CAJ) in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) by key words '傳染性軟?', '治療', '中?治療', '中藥' from January 2001 to August 2018. We analyzed the literature in regards to the treatment methods and results. Results Among the 103 searched studies, 9 randomized controlled trials, 2 controlled clinical trials, and 16 case studies were selected and analyzed. In most of the studies, the effectiveness of herbal medicine on molluscum contagiosum was significantly high. The most commonly used herbs for oral administration were Isatidis Radix (板藍根), Coicis Semen (薏苡仁), Cyperi Rhizoma (香附子), Equiseti Herba (木賊), Poria (茯?), Lithospermi Radix (紫草), Isatidis Folium (大靑葉) and Lonicerae Flos (金銀花). The most commonly used herbs for external applications were Isatidis Radix (板藍根), Lonicerae Flos (金銀花), Cyperi Rhizoma (香附子), Equiseti Herba (木賊), Dictamni Radicis Cortex (白鮮皮), Isatidis Folium (大靑葉) and Brucea javanica (鴉膽子). Conclusions Based on the results of the clinical studies from China, the use of Korean medicine for treatment of molluscum contagiosum has been shown to be effective in relieving symptoms. Based on the result of this study, it will be possible to widen the scope of Korean medicine on infectious disease, such as molluscum contagiosum. Additional clinical studies and experimental studies need to be performed to solidify these findings.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.109-115
• /
• 2019

Objective : Herbal medicinal mixture (JMB) are consisted of Caryophylli Flos, Aucklandiae Radix, and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix. Each of these herbal medicines has studied on anti-aging effect in vitro. So this study was conducted to investigate efficacy and potency of JMB extract on dermal anti-aging and whitening. Methods : The JMB was extracted at room temperature by 80% ethanol. Collagenase and elastase inhibition activity in JMB ethanol extract were determined at 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000 mg/ml concentrations by colorimetric method. The toxic range of JMB ethanol extract was evaluated using MTT assay. Also, The inhibitory effect of JMB ethanol extract on tyrosinase activity and melanin contents in mouse melanoma cell line (B16F10 cell) was identified at 50, 100, 200 ㎍/㎖ levels by spectrometric assay. In each analysis, EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate) and Kojic acid were used as positive controls, respectively. Results : The elastase and collagenase inhibitory activity of JMB ethanol extract increased dose dependently. Also, The MTT assay showed that JMB, up to 400 ㎍/㎖ concentration, exhibited no toxic effect to the B16F10 cell. And following the JMB ethanol extract treat, cellular melanin contents and tyrosinase activity were dose-dependently decreased compared to those of control. Conclusion : These results suggest that JMB ethanol extract has effects to inhibitory activity on dermal wrinkle enzyme and melanogenesis. Therefore, JMB has applicable benefits for development of materials or products to have whitening and anti-aging functions on skin.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.35 no.4 s.139
• /
• pp.324-329
• /
• 2004

SKT is consisted of skullcap radix, knope-sedge radix and trametes mushroom. SKT mixture extract has been used for curing breast cancer and cervical cancer as a folk medicine without any kind of experimental evidence to support the rationales for its clinical use. This study was undertaken to investigate the antitumor effects and toxicity of SKT. Tumor was induced by implantation of B16F10 melanoma cells $(1{\times}10^6\;cells/mouse)$ into abdominal skin in ICR mice and SKT application (5 mg/mouse, p.o.) was initiated 4 days prior to tumor induction and lasted for 42 days. SKT significantly inhibited not only tumor growth but also metastasis of i.v. implanted melanoma cells into lung and showed prolonged life span of tumor bearing mice. The combined theraphy of SKT with doxorubicin was more effective against tumor metastasis into lung. SKT almostly recovered serum SGPT to normal level of galactosamine/LPS-induced hepatitis mice. High dose of SKT did not show any acute side effects. But, in vitro SKT did not inhibit the growth of melanoma cells, which suggests that the antitumor effects of SKT might be menifested by indirect mechanisms.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
• /
• v.40 no.12
• /
• pp.72-79
• /
• 2003

This paper proposes a 32${\times}$32 Modified Booth multiplier using CMOS multiple-valued logic circuits. The multiplier based on the radix-4 algorithm is designed with current mode CMOS quaternary logic circuits. Designed multiplier is reduced the transistor count by 67.1% and 37.3%, compared with that of the voltage mode binary multiplier and the previous multiple-valued logic multiplier, respectively. The multiplier is designed with a 0.35${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ standard CMOS technology at a 3.3V supply voltage and unit current 10$mutextrm{A}$, and verified by HSPICE. The multiplier has 5.9㎱ of propagation delay time and 16.9mW of power dissipation. The performance is comparable to that of the fastest binary multiplier reported.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 2010

The active components in a plant extract can be represented as mass profiles. We introduce here a new, multi-compound discovery method known as Scaling of Correlations between Activity and Mass Profiles (SCAMP). In this method, a correlation coefficient is used to quantify similarities between the extract activity and mass profiles. The method was evaluated by first measuring the anti-oxidation activity of eleven fractions of an Astragali Radix extract using DPPH assays. Next, 15 T Fouriertransform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) MS was employed to generate mass profiles of the eleven fractions. A comparison of correlation coefficients indicated two compounds at m/z 285.076 and 286.076 that were strong antioxidants. Principal component analyses of these profiles yielded the same result. FT-ICR MS, which offers a mass resolving power of 500,000, was used to discern isotopic fine structures and indicated that the molecular formula corresponding to the peak at m/z 285.076 was $C_{16}H_{13}O_5$. SCAMP in combination with high-resolution MS can be applied to any type of mixture to study pharmacological activity and is a powerful tool for active compound discovery in plant extract studies.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.59-71
• /
• 2004

Melanin pigmentation has an essential role in protecting human skin against the damaging effects of ultra violet radiation, infection, environmental factor, etc. However abnormal melanin pigmentation can directly cause a number of congenital and acquired pigmentary skin disease. This study conducted to evaluate the effects of various partition extracts of Codonopsis lanceolata on the melanogenesis in the B 16 melanoma cells. The cells were treated for 3 days with various partition extracts of Codonopsis lanceolata. While treatment with the BuOH partition extract of Codonopsis lanceolata increased significantly the tyrosinase activity and melanin content, the n-Hexane or ethyl acetate partition extract dose-dependently suppressed them compared with untreated control. But ethyl acetate partition significantly decreased the cell viability. The H2O partiton extract at various concentrations did not exhibit any significant change on the melanogenesis. These results indicate that treatment with the n-Hexane partition extract inhibits the melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells, and raise the possibility that this extract may be effective in the abnormal melanin pigmentation as well as the whitening agent for the skin.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.181-191
• /
• 2010

Objetcives : Cancer cachexia is a common syndrome in advanced cancer patients, which is characterized by profound changes in protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, resulting in anorexia, weight loss, muscle wasting and poor performance status. We studied the journals of Chinese herb medicine about cancer cachexia and reported the results. Methods : This study attempted to analyze the contents of the research papers concerning the treatment of cancer cachexia presented in the journals of Chinese medicine published in China over the period between 2000 and 2009. Results & Conclusions : The principles for medical treatment were invigorating Ki(益氣), invigorating the spleen(健脾), regulating the stomach(和胃), nourishing the blood(養血), nourishing Eum(補陰), promoting the circulation of Ki(行氣), removing the phlegm(化痰), removing blood stasis(祛瘀) etc. The used herbs were Poria(茯笭), Astragali Radix(黃芪), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma(白朮), Codonopsis Pilosulae Radix(黨蔘), Dioscoreae Rhizoma(山藥), Citri Pericarpium(陳皮), Angelicae Gigantis Radix(當歸), Coicis Pemen(薏苡仁), Paeoniae Radix Alba(白芍藥) etc. The effetcive rate of treatment with Chinese herb medicine group was comparable or even more effetcive. Chinese herb medicine group had little side effetcs. Chinese medicine herb treatment to inhibit cancer cachexia has many possibilities.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.7-15
• /
• 2000

Glycyrrhizae Radix aqua-acupuncture solution (GRAS) and Glycyrrhizae Radix water-extracted solution (GRWS) were prepared and tested for organ toxicities, antitumor activities, and immunomodulatory effects. The organ-toxicity of GRAS to male ICR mice was studied by the measurements of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP-s) activities after injection of GRAS for 7 days. The activities of GOT, GPT, LDH, ALP-s were decreased with GRAS. It was shown to possess considerable toxicity toward various tumor cell lines. Concentration of GRAS at 1.5g/ml and 3g/ml resulted in more than 80% inhibition of growth in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells (EATC), Hepa1c1c7, and HeLa cells. Toxicity of GRAS to A549 revealed that 68% inhibition of growth. GRWS at the concentration of 3g/ml showed more than 80% inhibition of growth with EATC, Hepalclc7, A549 and HeLa. In morphological study, the number of cells were decreased, and the shape of cells was round-form in EATC, Hepalclc7, A549 and HeLa cells with GRAS. Administration of GRAS inhibited the growth of EATC in vivo. Mice given EATC at 1.5g/ml or 0.3g/ml GRAS had 16.7% to 50% survival after 21 days. GRAS increased the proliferation of T and B cells and the cytolytic activity of purified T cell. The biosyntheses of nucleic acid and protein of EATC, Hepalclc7, A549 and HeLa cells were inhibited by GRAS.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.101-111
• /
• 1991

Polyphenol oxidase(PPO) was purified from an extract of Puerariae Radix by ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by Sephadex G-150 column chromatography, which resulted in a 56-fold increase in specific activity. The enzyme was optimum of pH 6.5. The optimum temperature of enzymic reaction was about $40^{\circ}$. The enzyme was thermostable with a half-life equal to 32 min at $70^{\circ}$. Km values of the PPO for catechol and pyrogallol from Lineweaver Burk plots were $1.3{\times}10^{-2}M$, $1.16{\times}10^{-2}M$, respectively. The substrate specificity of the Puerariae Radix PPO showed high affinity toward pyrogallol. Reducing reagents such as cysteine, potassium metabisulfite, ascorbic acid, 2-mercaptoethanol completely inhibited the PPO activity at $10^{-2}M$ level. Linewear-Burk analysis of inhibition data revealed that the inhibition by cysteine, 2-mercaptoethanol, 4-nitrocatechol, potassium cyanide was competitive with Ki values of $4.3{\times10^{-2}M,\;0.73{\times}10^{-6}M,\;6.9{\times}10^{-6}M,\;6.4{\times}10^{-7}M$, respectively. The browning reaction by PPO was observed to decrease temporarily with the addition of sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate, a well known copper chelating agent. Among the divalent cations, $Cu^{2+}$ ion was strong activator on PPO and $Mn^{2+},\;Co^{2+}$ ions was effect on PPO activity. $Zn^{2+},\;Mg^{2+}$ ions was inhibitor on PPO.