• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.637-644
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• 2008

Purpose: The survival of bone marrow derived stem cell was reported several times. But the survival of adipose tissue derived stem cells(hASCs) was not mentioned on. We studied the adipose tissue derived stem cell's survival and effect on articular cartilage in rabbits. Methods: Osteoarthritis was induced in twenty New Zealand white rabbits by intraarticular injection of monosodium iodoacetate(MIA). After four weeks, hASCs were also injected into the knee joints space without any vehicle, but the control group received phosphate buffered saline only. The histologic grade of articular cartilage was measured in 4 and 8 weeks after the transplantation of hASC and the viability of injected stem cells measured by Fluorescent in situ Hybridization (FISH) examination. Results: After 4 and 8 weeks from hASCs transplantation, histologic grade was not significantly difference between two groups(p>0.05), and the Y chromosome of the transplanted hASCs was not detected in articular cartilage. Conclusion: We found that direct injection of hASC in joint space didn't work on damaged articular cartilage repair.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 1976

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is the purified active principle responsible for tetrodon (Puffer-fish) poisoning which has long been known in the Orient. The pharmacological actions of TTX have been rather extensively investigated. Two of the most prominent effects of intravenousely administered TTX are severe hypotension and respiratory paralysis resulting from its depressant actions on tissues. This depressant actions of TTX in turn result from the selective inhibition of sodium-carrying mechanism which is essential to generation of the action potential. TTX differs from local anesthetics in that it does not affect potassium conductance. Although the mechanism of the hypotensive action of TTX remains a subject of controversy, most investigator agree that TTX-induced hypotension is caused by alteration in the blood vessels rather than the heart. Not only the study on the effects of TTX on cardiac function is meager but the results of reported works are often contradictory. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of TTX on the electrocardiogram of the rabbit and to compare them with well known electrocardiographical characteristics found in digitalis and quinidine intoxicated animals. The results obtained from the present study are summarized as follows. 1. No changes were found in P-R interval and QRS duration after i.v. administration of $1.0\;{\mu}g/kg\;to\;1.5\;{\mu}g/kg$ TTX to the animals. It is obvious that there were no conduction disturbance between atria and ventricles as well as in the ventricular tissue. 2. In $1.0\;{\mu}g/kg$ TTX group, S-T interval and T-P segment were not changed whereas marked changes were observed in $1.5\;{\mu}g/kg$ TTX group. 3. The first and second degree A-V blocks appeared in the $2.0\;{\mu}g/kg$ TTX group. 4. TTX differs from digitalis and quinidine in that it does not cause S-T interval depression and T-wave inversion. In contrast with digitalis, TTX caused Q-T interval prolongation.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.557-564
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• 1995

The 90 kDa-heat shock protein (HSP90) is one of the major ubiquitous heat shock proteins induced by a vadety of ceilular stresses. HSP90 Is constitutively synthesized even under nonstressed condidons and found In association with several regulatory and structural proteins such as protein kinases and steroid hormone receptors. In the present study, to facilitate its biochemical characterization, HSP90 was pudfied from chick muscle by sequential column chromatography steps including DEAE- cellulose, hydroxyapatite, and Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration and monoclonal antillodies specific to HSP90 were produced by the inurine hybridomal technique. We report the production of 4 posItive hybridoma clones, named as A204, C112, C302 and A204, C112, C302. Among these MoAbs, Cl 12 strongly reconnized chick HSP90 in Western blot and native immunoprocipitation. In addition, C112 showed the crossreactivitles against HSP90 from human, rabbit, mouse, fish and chick but not from Drosophila and E. coil.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.538-543
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• 2014

A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (sELISA) for detecting the presence of shrimp in processed foods was developed using rabbit polyclonal antibodies against tropomyosin produced by black tiger prawns (shrimp). Based on the standard curve derived using this method, the detection range of shrimp was determined to be $1-100{\mu}g/mL$. The cross-reactivity of these antibodies toward black tiger prawns, fleshy prawns, cocktail prawns, lobster, and blue crab was 100, 73, 155, 18, and 0%, respectively. When shrimp was heated for 10 min, the mean assay recovery of tropomyosin was 121-221% at $70-100^{\circ}C$ and 7.8% at $121^{\circ}C$. When shrimp was added to cream soup, weaning food, sausage, fish paste, and sauce, the mean assay recovery was 397, 639, 168, 234, and 0%, respectively. In sample tests involving 14 commercial items, the coincidence ratio of assay results and reference was 79%.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.347-355
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• 2014

In this study, the detection method was developed using molecular biological technique to distinguish authenticity of animal raw materials. The genes for distinction of species about animals targeted at Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), Cytochrome b (Cytb), and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) genes in mitochondrial DNA. The species-specific primers were designed by that Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) product size was around 200 bp for applying to processed products. The target 24 raw materials were 2 species of domestic animals, 6 species of poultry, 2 species of freshwater fishes, 13 species of marine fishes and 1 species of crustaceans. The results of PCR for Rabbit, Fox, Pheasant, Domestic Pigeon, Rufous Turtle Dove, Quail, Tree Sparrow, Barn Swallow, Catfish, Mandarin Fish, Flying Fish, Mallotus villosus, Pacific Herring, Sand Lance, Japanese Anchovy, Small Yellow Croaker, Halibut, Jacopever, Skate Ray, Ray, File Fish, Sea Bass, Sea Urchin, and Lobster raw materials were confirmed 113 bp ~ 218 bp, respectively. Also, non-specific PCR products were not detected in compare species by species-specific primers. The method using primers developed in this study may be applied to distinguish an authenticity of food materials included animal raw materials for various processed products.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 1973

During the last decade extensive studios on catecholamines have evolved new knowledge in the physiology and biochemistry of adrenergic mechanism. Cardiac muscle, receiving adrenergic fibres from the stellate, cervical and thoracic ganglia, has been repeatedly shown to have a specific capacity to uptake and to store catecholamines. The catecholamine stores in cardiac muscle have also been shown to be important sites for the action of numerous drugs. Under normal condition, a certain level of catecholamines is maintained in the stores and serves as the basis for studying the changes in the catecholamine content of the heart. Because myocardial catecholamines play such important role in the patho-physiology of the heart, it would be interesting to compare the normal level of myocardial catecholamines among various species of animals. An occasional study has dealt with myocardial catecholamines of several species add ages of animals but these have been insufficiently comprehensive to afford a basis for an understanding of the importance of these amines as related to species and ages. The present investigation was undertaken to determine whether or not there is any significance of myocardial catecholamines in the course of the evolution and development of animals. Seasonal changes, sex difference and regional and subcellular distribution of myocardial catecholamines were also examined. The concentration of cardiac catecholamines was determined by the spectrophotofluorometric procedure described by Shore and Olin. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. As animals phylogenetically progressed larger amounts of catecholamines were resent in their hearts. A negligibly small amount of catecholamine was present in the hearts of the clam, a non-vertebrate. Among the vertebrates, cold-blooded animals (snake, turtle, frog, eel and fish) had less myocardial catecholamines than warm-blooded animals, of which aves (fowl and duck) had less than mammalia (cat, dog, rabbit, rat, cow and pig). The ratio of norepinephrine to epinephrine also was greater as the animals progress phylogenetically. 2. Examination of the regional distribution of cardiac catecholamines in warm-blooded animals showed that the content of the auricle was generally higher than that of the septum and considerably than that of the ventricle, but the differences of contents among these regions were not so marked. 3. In the embryonic chick, cardiac catecholamines were firstly detected on the 4th day of incubation, the time before the cardiac innervation of sympathetic nerves. The concentrations of these catecholamines increased but not markedly on the 6th day of incubation, soon after the innervation of sympathetic nerves to the heart. The level of the cardiac catecholamines fluctuated throughout the remainder of embryonic development. 4. In newborn rat hearts, a considerable amount of catecholamines was present. With the development of the rats, the concentrations of myocardial catecholamines increased. The ratio of epinephrine and norepinephrine fluctuated within the range of 40 to 60 pervent. However, as development progressed, the percentage of norepinephrine continued to rise, attaining the adult value of $80{\sim}90%$ after $45{\sim}60$ days. In contrast, the total amount of epinephrine remained fairly constant throughout the animal's development. 5. No significant sexual differences were observed in the concentration of myocardial catecholamines in the developing rat. 6. The catecholamines in the rabbit hearts increased during the summer season (from May to August) and maintained a fairly constant level in the other seasons of the year. 7. The subcellular distribution of cardiac catecholamines was examined by differential centrifugation of homogenates of cardiac muscles in rabbits, cats and rats. The catecholamines were found to be present approximately 20% in particles of mitochondrial fraction, 45% in particles of microsomal fraction and 35% in soluble supernatant fraction. The particle containing catecholamines in cardiac muscle appears to be two different sizes.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 1977

Nutrition counselors in Korea often encounter difficulty in their attempt to change village women's attitudes regarding food taboos which are counter to good eating habits. There are a great many food superstitions which are not due to religious influence, but seem to be related to shape and composition of food. Many expectant mothers superstitiously avoid eating certain foods for fear that they may cause mental or physical abnormality in their babies. As was shown in a previous survey (Mo, 1966)of villages in all provinces except Jeju Island, such superstitions were common among pregnant and lactating mothers. Many food taboos and superstitions based on non-scientific and irrational ideas do exist even in modern society, and are a major obstacle to nutritionally adequate food consumption. A study of food taboos among women of Jeju Island was undertaken from November to December of 1976, these results to be compared as well with those of the previous study. There were 73 items found to be prohibited during pregnancy. Of these, 48.7% were of the deaf group, 17.4% fish, 5.5% eggs, 4.7% cereal, and only 2.2% fruit. Of 252% women respondents, 111 (45% ) abstained from eating chicken, duck, and shark because of the belief that they would cause their babies to be born with gooseflesh or shark skin. Many of them avoided rabbit meat for fear that their babies might be born with harelip. It was also feared that a baby would become disfigured if his mother ate duck, goat, dog meat, chicken or duck eggs, or soup made of bones. A common superstition was that highly spiced or salty foods would cause the fetus to be hairless. Squid and octopus were believed to cause babies to have weak bones, or none at all. Most of these food taboos were associated with fears concerning Physical structure and appearance of unborn babies. Other taboos were associated with fear of undesirable behavioral characteristics. For example, some mothers thought that a baby would pinch or bite the mother's breast during the weaning period, if crab meat were eaten during pregnancy. Unevenly sliced rice cake, loach, snake meat and eel were also believed to cause a baby to be ill-tempered. The findings of this study are remarkably similar to those of the previous study conducted by the authour in 1966. Most of the same food taboos, based on non-scientific and irrational reasons, were found on Jeju Island as on the peninsula, and thor were similarly wide-spread. The results of correlational analysis show that the most significant factors related to prevalence of food taboos, are level of education and religious background. Number of food taboos is correlated with level of education. Also, food taboos are least freqent among the Christian woman. Proper nutrition education should he undertaken in order to encourage intake of protein-rich food, particularly during pregnancy when nutritional needs of mother and fetus are great.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.9
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• pp.67-75
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to conserve of golden decoration(Jikgeumdan) of Chima(skirt) and Jeogori(Korean jacket) of the costumes excavated from Hangju Gi' tomb(17th Century) of Joseon dynasty$(1392{\sim}1910)$ and to focus on the development of conservation skill to prevent flakings of gold leaves in gilt paper strips. Up to the present, in case of golden decorations of costumes excavated from tombs of Joseon dynasty, some of gold leaves in gilt paper strips of costumes were flaked away by deterioration of adhesives in tombs. However, most of gold leaves were flaked away and totally lost by wet cleaning for eliminating contaminants after excavation. In order to prevent flaking, preliminary experiments for re-adhesion of gold leaves have been carried out. Firstly, simulation was performed using gold leaf which was available in the market. Adhesives used in this research were water-soluble adhesives(hide glue(cow, rabbit), glue made from air bladders of sciaenoid fish and Primal AC-3444 of acrylic emulsion) and solvent-soluble adhesives(acrylic adhesive Paraloid B-67 and B-72). Because of difficulty in wetting and spreading of adhesive solutions into the interface between gold leaf and Korean paper, water-soluble adhesives were not proper for adhesion of gold leaf and Korean paper. Solvent-soluble adhesives were easily infiltrated into interface between gold leaf and Korean paper and the adhesive force was also satisfied. From this result, the researchers chose more flexible Paraloid B-72$(Tg\;40^{\circ}C)$ 1% solution than Paraloid B-67$(Tg\;50^{\circ}C)$ for adhesion of gold leaf and Korean paper. Secondly, using Paraloid B-72 1% solution, the estimations of re-adhesions of gold leaves in gilt paper strips of Jeogori were carried out. When Paraloid B-72 1% solution was injected three times into the interface between gold leaf and Korean paper, the re-adhesion was most effective. On the basis of the results in these preliminary experiments, re-adhesions of gold leaves in gilt paper strips of Chima and Jeogori were carried out on condition of three times injections of Paraloid B-72 1% solution before wet cleaning. After wet cleaning, the most of the gold leaves were survived, which was confirmed by both the examination with the naked eye and the microscopic examination.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.105-111
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• 1999

To investigate the relationships between ocean environmental characteristics and thechange of the catch, we analyzed various environmental factors such as mean temperature, salinity, current vectors, lunar day and wind vectors from 1995 to 1996 and the catch fluctuation of Hanlim set net from 1994 to 1996. The results are as follow ; 1) The proportion of fishes caught in Hanlim set net is highest for horse mackere1 ($69.2\%$) and is followed by common mackerel ($18.4\%$), hair tail ($5.6\%$), squid ($2.7\%$) and rabbit fish ($1.4\%$) in order. Two peaks in the monthly catch appeared in June and October in the operation period of May- December. 2) The flow direction was northward in flood time and southeastward in ebb time around the Hanlim set net. Thus, the vortical mixing of sea water was active and continued for more than 3 hours. In addition, mean daily temperature was low due to the presence of middle and bottom water in offshore. Increase in salinity or high salinity of sea water provides a favorable condition for catches of fishes. Catches in the first quarter and the last quarter of the moon were larger than that in full moon and the last of the month. In particular, when south or southeasterly wind velocity reaches about 3$\~$6.5 m/s, the possibility of catches increases.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

There have been few studies related to ELISA for mackerel. In this study we developed a sandwich ELISA for mackerel in processed foods using rabbit polyclonal antibodies against mackerel parvalbumin, the major allergen of mackerel and heat-stable protein. The parvalbumin was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and Sephadex G-50 column chromatography. From the standard ELISA curves, the detection limit of parvalbumin was 3 ng/mL and the detection range of mackerel was 5-5,000 ${mu}g/mL$. We further investigated the cross-reactivity of the antibodies toward mackerel, mackerel pike, salmon, flatfish, armorclad rockfish, cod fish, squid, shrimp, blue crab, and lobster. The antibodies were specific for mackerel only. The mean assay recoveries in cooked cream soup, baby food, sausage, and sauce spiked with 0.01 to 0.3% mackerel were 104, 101, 54, and 0%, respectively. In sample tests of 16 commercial items, the qualitative coincidence ratio of assay result and indication was 75%.