• 제목/요약/키워드: RPE1

검색결과 106건 처리시간 0.026초

Step aerobics의 RPE가 여고생의 면역기능에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of RPE of Step Aerobics on the Immunologic Function of High School Girls)

  • 권선옥;정선태
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.304-313
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    • 2010
  • J시 소재 K여자고등학교 1학년 중에서 %fat이 30% 이상인 24명을 유의추출법에 의해 운동그룹 A (8명), B (8명) 그룹과 통제그룹(8명)으로 3그룹으로 구분하여 Borg의 주관적운동강도를 이용, A그룹은 RPE 15-17 (hard-very hard; 힘듦-매우 힘듦)${\times}$3 sets, B그룹은 RPE 11-13 (fairly light-somewhat hard; 알맞음-약간 힘듦)${\times}$3 sets로 설정하여 step aerobics (step box: 길이 68 cm, 폭 28 cm, 높이 15 cm, 무게 450 g)를 1일 50-60분간, 주3회(월, 수, 금)로 총 8주간 실시하였다. 본 연구는 step aerobics의 RPE가 비만 여고생의 면역기능(Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Eosinophil, Basophil, IgG, IgA, IgM)에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 알아보는 것이었다. 자료처리는 SPSS Ver. 14.0을 이용하여 집단과 시기 간 상호작용의 효과를 알아보기 위하여 repeated two-way ANOVA를, 집단 내 운동 전 후는 paired t-test를 실시하였고, 집단 간은 변화율(% diff.)을 구하여 one-way ANOVA를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. WBC에서, 집단 내 비교에서 A그룹은 Neutrophil, Monocyte, Basophil, Eosinophil 모두 증가하였으나 Lymphocyte는 변화가 없었고, B그룹은 Eosinophil은 감소하였으나 Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil 모두 변화가 없었으며, 통제군은 Neutrophil, Basophil, Eosinophil은 감소하였으나 Lymphocyte와 Monocyte는 변화가 없었다. 집단 간 비교의 Neutrophil은 A그룹이 B그룹과 통제군보다 더 많이 증가하였고, Lymphocyte는 집단 간 차이가 없었으며, Monocyte는 A, B그룹이 통제군보다 많이 증가하였다. Basophil과 Eosinophil은 A그룹이 B그룹과 통제군보다 더 많이 증가하였다. Immunoglobin에서, 집단 내 비교에서 A그룹은 IgG는 증가하였으나 IgA와 IgM는 변화가 없었고, A그룹은 IgA는 증가하였으나 IgG는 감소하였고 IgM은 변화가 없었다. 통제군은 IgG은 감소하였으나 IgA와 IgM은 변화가 없었다. 집단 간 비교의 IgA는 A그룹이 통제군보다 증가하였고, IgG는 A그룹이 B그룹과 통제군보다 증가하였으나 IgM은 집단 간 차이가 없었다. 요약하면 세 집단 모두 운동프로그램 전 후의 WBC와 Ig 수준이 연령에 맞게 참고치 내의 수준에 머물렀지만 step aerobics를 RPE 15-17로 실시한 A그룹의 경우가 가장 많은 측정항목에서 증가를 보였고, 이 결과는 참고치 범위 내에서 면역기능의 항진을 보여주는 것으로 면역기능의 향상을 위한 step aerobics의 RPE 강도는 힘듦-매우 힘듦(15-17)의 수준으로 실시하는 것이 효과적인 것으로 생각된다.

Assessment of the pigeon (Columba livia) retina with spectral domain optical coherence tomography

  • Kim, Sunhyo;Kang, Seonmi;Susanti, Lina;Seo, Kangmoon
    • Journal of Veterinary Science
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    • 제22권5호
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    • pp.65.1-65.12
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    • 2021
  • Background: To assess the normal retina of the pigeon eye using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and establish a normative reference. Methods: Twelve eyes of six ophthalmologically normal pigeons (Columba livia) were included. SD-OCT images were taken with dilated pupils under sedation. Four meridians, including the fovea, optic disc, red field, and yellow field, were obtained in each eye. The layers, including full thickness (FT), ganglion cell complex (GCC), thickness from the retinal pigmented epithelium to the outer nuclear layer (RPE-ONL), and from the retinal pigmented epithelium to the inner nuclear layer (RPE-INL), were manually measured. Results: The average FT values were significantly different among the four meridians (p < 0.05), with the optic disc meridian being the thickest (294.0 ± 13.9 ㎛). The average GCC was thickest in the optic disc (105.3 ± 27.1 ㎛) and thinnest in the fovea meridian (42.8 ± 15.3 ㎛). The average RPE-INL of the fovea meridian (165.5 ± 18.3 ㎛) was significantly thicker than that of the other meridians (p < 0.05). The average RPE-ONL of the fovea, optic disc, yellow field, and red field were 91.2 ± 5.2 ㎛, 87.7 ± 5.3 ㎛, 87.6 ± 6.5 ㎛, and 91.4 ± 3.9 ㎛, respectively. RPE-INL and RPE-ONL thickness of the red field meridian did not change significantly with measurement location (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Measured data could be used as normative references for diagnosing pigeon retinopathies and further research on avian fundus structure.

Comparison of changes in the nasal cavity, pharyngeal airway, and maxillary sinus volumes after expansion and maxillary protraction with two protocols: Rapid palatal expansion versus alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction

  • Weitao Liu;Shaonan Zhou;Edwin Yen;Bingshuang Zou
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제53권3호
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    • pp.175-184
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    • 2023
  • Objective: To evaluate and compare a series of volume changes in the nasal cavity (NC), nasopharynx, oropharynx, and maxillary sinuses (MS) in growing Class III patients after either rapid palatal expansion (RPE) or alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction (Alt-RAMEC) followed by facemask (FM) therapy, by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Forty growing Class III patients were retrospectively selected and divided into two matched groups: RPE/FM (14 females, 6 males; mean age, 9.66 ± 1.23 years) and Alt-RAMEC/FM groups (14 females, 6 males; mean age, 10.28 ± 1.45 years). The anteroposterior and vertical displacements of Point A, the volumes of the NC, nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and MS were measured at different time points: pretreatment (T1), postexpansion (T2), and postprotraction (T3). Results: Both groups demonstrated significant maxilla advancement (by 1.3 mm) during expansion, with a statistically significant intergroup difference during protraction (RPE/FM, 1.1 mm; Alt-RAMEC/FM, 2.4 mm; p < 0.05) and throughout the treatment (RPE/FM, 2.4 mm; Alt-RAMEC/FM, 3.7 mm; p < 0.05). NC and nasopharyngeal airway volumes increased significantly in both groups after expansion, protraction, and treatment. The oropharyngeal and MS volumes increased in both groups after protraction and post-treatment. However, no volumetric differences were observed between the two groups. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in airway volume changes, including NC, nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal airway, and MS, between RPE/FM and Alt-RAMEC/FM groups at different time points. Although there was significantly more forward movement after protraction in the Alt-RAMEC/FM group, the difference was deemed too small to be clinically relevant.

E-Screen assay법을 이용한 농약화학물질의 에스트로겐 활성 연구 (Study on Estrogenic Activities of Pesticide Chemicals using E-screen Assay)

  • 한상국
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제13권6호
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    • pp.591-597
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    • 2004
  • In this study, sixty chemicals including 47 pesticides were screened for estrogenic activity using E-screen assay. MCF-7 cell, used in E-screen assay, is known to be proliferated by addition of estrogenic chemicals. Eight of the measured pesticides showed estrogenic activity at the concentration range of 100-10,000nM. Their relative proliferative effect (RPE) and the relative proliferative potency (RPP) were 20-65% and 0.01-1.0%, respectively, when compared with 1.0nM of $\beta-Estradiol-17-acetate(E_{2}).$ DDVP and diazinone showed most strong estrogenic potency(RPP; 1.0%) and effect(RPE; 65%) of the eight pesticides. These results are in agreement with estrogenic activity of bisphenol A is known as a positive endocrine disrupter. Also, in this study, paraquat, DDVP, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and diazinon of the measured pesticides are estimated to estrogenic chemical.

실크/PLGA 필름에서 실크 함량이 망막색소 상피세포의 부착 및 증식 거동에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Attachment and Proliferation of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells on Silk/PLGA Film)

  • 조은혜;김수진;조수진;이가영;김온유;이은용;조원형;이동원;강길선
    • 폴리머
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    • 제35권4호
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    • pp.289-295
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    • 2011
  • 망막조직공학을 위한 생체 재료는 기계적 안정성, 생체적합성, 낮은 분해속도 등을 포함하여 in vivo에서 잠재적인 유용성을 위한 몇 가지 중요한 특징이 입증되어야 한다. 실크 필름 생체재료는 이러한 기능적인 요구에 맞게 디자인되었다. 0, 10, 20, 40, 및 80 wt%의 실크가 함유된 천연합성물질과 하이브리드화된 silk/PLGA 필름을 용매 증발법으로 제조하였다. 1, 2, 및 3일 후에 부착된 세포 수를 확인하기 위해 MTT 분석을 하였고 SEM을 통해 필름에 부착된 세포 모폴로지를 확인하였다. 또한, mRNA 발현정도를 알아보기 위해 retinal pigment epithelitun(RPE) 세포의 프라이머인 RPE65를 사용하여 RT-PCR을 실시하였고 RPE 세포의 특정 단백질인 cytokeratin의 발현을 확인하고 세포의 증식을 비교하기 위해 면역화학염색을 실시하였다. 본 실험을 통해 실크/PLGA 필름에서 20~40 wt% 실크를 함유한 경우에 RPE 세포의 부착과 증식에 가장 좋은 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다.

디지틀 이동 통신용 RPE-LTP 음성 부호화기의 실시간 H/W 구현 (Real-Time H/W Implementation of RPE-LTP Speech Coder for Digital Mobile Communications)

  • 김선영;김재공
    • 한국통신학회논문지
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.85-100
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    • 1991
  • 디지틀 이동 통신 시스템 검토에 있어서 고음질 저전송 속도의 음성 부호화기 연구는 가용 주파수 대역의 제한을 극복하여 통신 서비스를 증대시키기 위한 필수 사항의 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 디지특 이동 통신용 13 kbps RPE LTP 음성 부호화기의 구현에 관하여 다루었다. 하나의 DSP칩을 이용하여 양방향 통신방식으로 실시간 구현(DSP 로딩율 약 75%)이 가능함을 나타냈으며, 또한 H/W 구현을 위한 고정소수점 시뮬레이션 및 채널코딩과의 연계를 고려한 각 전송 파리미티의 비트 중요도 분석 결과를 제시하였다.

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Changes of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in light damaged rat retina

  • Kaidzu, Sachiko;Tanito, Masaki;Takanashi, Taiji;Ohira, Akihiro
    • Journal of Photoscience
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.430-432
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    • 2002
  • The changes in expression of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in light-damaged rat retinas were examined. Sprague-Dawley rats (male, 6-weeks-old) were maintained on a cyclic photoperiod (12 hours light and 12 hours darkness) for 2 weeks. The illumination intensity during the light period was 80 lux. To induce light damage to the retina, a high-intensity illumination (3000-lux) was applied to the animals for 24 hours. After light exposure, the animals were returned to cyclic lighting. Eyes were enucleated 12 and 24 hours after light exposure started or 1,3, and 7 days after light exposure ended. Eyes were fixed and embedded in paraffin wax. Tissues were cut into 4${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$-thick sections. Sections were immunostained using antibody against CuZn-SOD, Mn-SOD, GPX and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanocine (8-OHdG) as oxidative stress marker. 8-OHdG was observed in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) during light exposure. In light-damaged retinas CuZn-SOD labeling was up regulated in the ONL and RPE. Mn-SOD labeling was up regulated in rod inner segments (RIS) during light exposure and that in the RPE was up regulated after exposure. GPX labeling was observed in rod outer segments (ROS) during light exposure. GPX labeling was also observed in the RPE during and after light exposure. All three enzymes were observed in the outer retina, which suffered light damage, but occurred in defferent layers except within the RPE, in which case all three were expressed. These enzymes may play complementary roles as protective factors in light-damaged retinas.

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A Fast Algorithm for Real-time Adaptive Notch Filtering

  • Kim, Haeng-Gihl
    • Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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    • 제1권4호
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    • pp.189-193
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    • 2003
  • A new algorithm is presented for adaptive notch filtering of narrow band or sine signals for embedded among broad band noise. The notch filter is implemented as a constrained infinite impulse response filter with a minimal number of parameters, Based on the recursive prediction error (RPE) method, the algorithm has the advantages of the fast convergence, accurate results and initial estimate of filter coefficient and its covariance is revealed. A convergence criterion is also developed. By using the information of the noise-to-signal power, the algorithm can self-adjust its initial filter coefficient estimate and its covariance to ensure convergence.

12주간의 아쿠아로빅 운동이 여성 노인의 혈중지질, 동맥경화지수 및 간 기능에 미치는 영향 (Effects of 12-week aquarobics exercise on the blood lipids, atherogenic index and liver functions of elderly women)

  • 고수한;하수민;김지현;하민성;현수진;김보성;이정아;김도연
    • 한국응용과학기술학회지
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    • 제35권4호
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    • pp.1185-1196
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구는 여성 노인을 대상으로 12주간의 아쿠아로빅 운동이 혈중지질, 동맥경화지수 및 간기능에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 그 목적이 있으며, 이를 위해 만 65-80세 여성 노인을 대상으로 아쿠아로빅군 13명, 대조군 12명으로 분류하여 아쿠아로빅을 12주, 주 2회, 60분 동안 실시하였다. 본 연구의 운동강도는 운동자각도를 설정하여 1-4주는 RPE 11-12, 5-8주는 RPE 13-14, 9-12주는 RPE 14-15를 유지하였다. 아쿠아로빅 실시 전 후의 항목별 차의 비교를 위해 그룹 내 차이는 대응 t 검정, 그룹 간 차이는 독립 t 검정, 상호작용 검증을 위해 이원 반복측정 분산분석을 사용하였으며, 각 항목별 통계적 유의수준은 .05로 설정하였다. 그 결과 아쿠아로빅군의 LDL-C(p<.05)이 유의하게 감소하였으며, TC, TG, LDL-C에서 상호작용효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 동맥경화지수는 LDL-C/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C에서 상호작용효과가 나타났으며, 간 기능은 아쿠아로빅군이 AST(p<.001)의 유의한 감소를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과 노화와 신체활동 부족은 곧 심혈관 질환과 대사기능의 위험요인이라는 점을 감안할 때, 규칙적인 아쿠아로빅은 여성 노인의 혈중지질, 동맥경화지수 및 간 기능을 개선함으로써 노인기의 심혈관건강의 증진과 대사증후군 예방을 위한 효과적인 운동방법으로 권장된다.

개심술 환자를 위한 조기 운동프로그램의 개발 및 적용에 관한 연구 (Development and Application of an Early Exercise Program for Open Heart Surgery Patients)

  • 하이경;정연이
    • 중환자간호학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.65-73
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: This study was to develop and evaluate stability and effects of an early exercise program for patients with open heart surgery. Methods: The subjects of this study were 30 patients who had either a coronary bypass surgery or a valvular heart surgery at a tertiary hospital in Seoul. The data was collected by observation and measurement from October 1, 2004 to November 15, 2004. Results: The early exercise program developed for this study consisted of range of motion exercise and walking. Intensity of walking was 1~3 METs and increased progressively to daily target distance. During exercise, the subjects were monitored heart rate, blood pressure and RPE (Rating of Perceived Exertion). The mean FIM (Functional Independent Measurements) score of subjects was significantly improved after the early exercise program. However, several complaints such as dizziness or pain were also reported. Most complaints were associated with chest tube and RPE. Conclusion: The early exercise program can help to recover patients' physical activities after surgery, and can be applied to most patients. Patients' RPE, dizziness and pain was possible limitations, therefore, active pain control and prevention of accidents for patients would be needed.

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