• 미생물학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.88-95
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• 1992

유전공학 기법으로 번형시킨 Km' plasmid 들의 전이를 30.deg.C 의 Luris-Bertani broth 에서 실시하였으며, 그 전이 빈도에 대한 donor 와 recipient 의 균주와 함께 pH 의 영향을 연구하였다. GEM 균주들과 NI 균주의 Km'plasmid 의 전이빈도는 recipient 가 MTI 일 경우 pH 7 에서 약 $10^{-5}$ 로 비슷하였으나 CS 균주인 DKC601 에서는 Km'plasmid 의 전이빈도가 $2.2 * 10^{-7}$ 로 훨씬 떨어졌다. 그리고 recipient 가 lab. strain (E. coli HB101) 인 경우에도 Km'plasmid 의 전이경향은 GEM 균주들과 NI 균주사이에 큰차이가 없었다. 또 어느 균주의 경우에나 pH 7 일 때의 전이 빈도가 $10^{-5}$ 정도로 가장 높게 나타났으며, pH 5 와 pH 9 에서는 그보다 조금 떨어졌다. 그러나 E. coli C600을 host 로 하여 제조한 CS 균주(DKC601)에서는 Km'plasmid 의 전이 빈도가 다른 GEM 균주들에 비하여 $10^{2}$ $-10^{3}$ 배 낮았으며 pH 4와 9 에서 6 시간의 conjugation 후에도 전이가 전혀 일어나지 않았다. Conjugant 에서의 plasmid의 재배열은 lab, strain 을 recipient 로 했을 경우에는 별로 없었지만, NI 균주를 recipient 로 했을 경우에 많이 나타났으며, 특히 donor 가 NI 균주보다 GEM 균주인 경우에 더욱 다양하였다. 그러나 pH 에 따른 타이는 그렇게 크지 않았다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2011

본 실험은 비료 공급원으로서 1) 대조구(NF), 2) 상업용 유기질 비료($10N-2P_2O_5-8K_2O$, Nature Safe$^{(R)}$)(CF), 3) 계분 비료(PL)를 포함하였고, 멀칭 공급원으로는 4) 나무껍질 멀칭(WC), 5) 재활용 종이 멀칭(SP), 6) 식물성 퇴비 멀칭(GC), 7) 초생멀칭(GR)을 포함하였다. 유기질 비료와 멀칭의 양은 매해 유기농 사과나무 포장에 시비하였던 (50 g 질소/한 나무, 10 cm 멀칭시용/한 나무) 질소량과 체적에 각각 비례해서 각 포트에 시비하였다. CF, PL, 그리고 GR 급원은 미생물이 유기태 질소를 무기화(N-mineralization) 하는데 이상적인 탄소:질소(30:1이하)비를 보였는데, 처리 후 90일 째 되던 날에 토양중 무기태 질소 농도를 증가시켰다. CF, PL, 그리고 GR 처리된 유묘는 가장 넓은 총 엽면적과 두꺼운 직경, 그리고 큰 수고 및 건물중을 나타내어서 식물생장을 증가시키기 위한 가장 유용한 자재로 평가되었다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2008

Purpose : Today, it enjoys a sports and a leisure where the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) injury patient increase. The knee joint is important means of human body movement and to do an important duty when it encounters ACL injuries of the knee joint and the many restriction follows in the life which is ordinary. When it is damaged ACL, it comes to determinate that ACL reconstruction and preservation treatment that the according to condition of ligament and knee joint. After ACL reconstruction, that is the fact which already becomes known the exercise treatment advances a recovery and to reduce a sequela. Methods : we researched the method of exercise treatment after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction operation by journal of science direct and KISS in daecu university. Results : The representative exercise treatment is isometric exercise, isokinetic exercise isotonic exercise and complex exercise but what kind of exercise treatment most is effective, it revealed and support it was not. The method of exercise treatment is very various, so It causes a confusion made to the therapist and patients. So it executes once again it sought the kinetic therapeutic method which is efficient from this research and it tried to observe preceding research after ACL reconstruction. To operation a various the exercise treatments, operation only the treatment which is general compared to it was effective in muscular power and muscle functional improvement. But this like improve despite with the exercise treatment consequence which is continuous from research of most the pain leg compares to the health leg, it appeared the discrepancy which is a muscular power, a muscular endurance and a hypertrophy muscle etc, to the health leg or before operating 100% of muscular power to having gets the many therapy time was the recovery rate. Conclusion : Therefore after ACL reconstruction, it will become the many research continuously which is improve the muscle functional and ROM of the exercise treatment method and From therapeutic site of the patients it does to memorizes knowledge in advance about ACL injuries and the application the isokinetic treatment or exercise program are the set of necessary, frequency and amusement that considers complex what kind of therapeutic exercise becomes accomplished with the patient take care of attention.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2005

목적: 수면중 탈구가 동반된 고 빈도를 보이는 재발성 견관절 전방 불안정성의 제한된 증례에서 관절경 술식을 이용한 하 견갑 상완 인대 전대의 축화 성형술과 전하 관절 낭-관절 순 복합체의 상방 전위와 더불어 보조적으로 시행된 후 하방 봉합 축화술, 열선 수축술, 회전간 폐쇄술의 단기 추시 결과와 효용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법: 1998년 3월부터 2004년 2월까지 수면중 탈구가 동반된 고민도 재발성 탈구를 보인 드문 증례에 대하여 18예의 증례를 분석하였다. 평균 나이는 29.4$(21{\sim}37)$세 였으며, 평균 추시 기간은 22.1$(12{\sim}45)$개월이었다. 술전과 술후 6개월, 1년, 마지막 추시에서 운동 범위와 Rowe점수를 측정하였다. 결과: 우수 6예, 우량 10예로 우량 이상이 88.9%(16예)였으며 보통이 1예, 불량이 1예였다. 결론: 수면중 탈구를 동반한 고 빈도 탈구를 보이는 재발성 전방 견관절 불안정성에서 관절경 하 재건술은 좋은 결과를 보여 관혈적 술식의 대체 방법이 될 수 있지만, 더 많은 증례에 대한 장기 추시가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2001

목적 : 고식적인 치료에 반응이 없는 14례의 환자에 대하여 관절경적 치료를 시행하여 이에 대한 치료결과를 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 1996년 3월부터 1998년 6월까지 회전근개의 석회화 건염의 진단하에 6개월이상 고식적 치료에 반응이 없어 관절경적 치료를 받은 14례 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 전례에서 극상근의 원위부에서 병변이 관찰되었으며 그 중 2례에서 극하근에, 1례에서 견갑하근에 병변이 동반되었다. 결과 평가는 UCLA 견관절 평가 지수와 Constant-Murley score를 이용하였다. 결과 : 동통 정도는 Constant-Murley score상 수술 전 평균 3.2점에서 수술 후 평균 8.3점으로 호전되었고 기능상으로는 UCLA점 수상 수술 전 평균 4.5점에서 수술 후 8..3점으로 호전되었다. 수술 전 평균 관절 운동 범위는 굴곡 110도, 외회전 45도, 내회전 제 3요추의 극돌기, 외전 90도로 제한되었으나 수술 후에는 굴곡 170도, 외회전 50도, 내회전 제 12흉추의 극돌기, 외전 140도로 호전되었다. 추시결과 판정은 우수 3례, 양호 9례, 보통 2례였다. 결론 : 보존적 치료에 호전이 없는 석회화 건염에 대하여 관절경적 치료는 효과적인 치료법으로 사료된다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.997-1003
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to know the average of pint range of motion and difference according to the aging for the elderly, This study consisted of elder male(n=75) and elder female(n=l09), The result of assessment and analysis in shoulder pint range of motion are as follows: 1) The average shoulder flexion pint range of motion in 60-69(from sixty to sixty-nine)years old are 163.04(Left-Male), 162.91(Right-Male), 158.74 (Left-Female), 158.74 (Right-Female). 70-79years old are 149.40(L-M), 152.38(R-M), 153,37(L-F), 153.37(R-F). 80-89 years old are 149.57(L-M), 147.93(R-M), 151.17(L-F), 150.33(R-F). There was no significant difference among group, 2) The average shoulder extension pint range of motion in 60-69years old are 48.15(L-M), 47.20(R-M), 45.16(L-F), 44.23(R-F), 70-79years old are 37.l1(L-M), 38.70(R-M), 35.17(L-F), 36.71(R-F), 80-89 years old are 34.46(L-M). 36.71(R-M), 33.90(L-F), 33.09(R-F). There was significant difference among group(p<.05). 3) The average shoulder abduction pint range of motion in 60-69years old are 164.22(L-M), 165.96(R-M), 159.34(L-F), 159.97(R-F), 70-79years old are 152.27(L-M), 155.05(R-M), 152.32(L-F), 53.66(R-F), 80-89 years old are 152.17(L-M), 153.76(R-M), 147.53(L-F), 147.37(R-F). There was significant difference in right shoulder abduction among group(p<05). 4) The average shoulder internal rotation pint range of motion in 60-69years old are 63.52(L-M), 65.70(R-M), 64.16(L-F), 64.61(R-F), 70-79years old are 64.50(L-M), 65.81(R-M) 61.10(L-F), 61.83(R-F). 80-89 years old are 61.60(L-M), 61.66(R-M), 57.53(L-F), 57.53(R-F). There was no significant difference among group. 5) The average shoulder external rotation pint range of motion in 60-69years old are 50.87(L-M), 50.22(R-M), 51.03(L-F), 50.42(R-F), 70-79years old are 50.91(L-M), 50.20(R-M) 48.37(L-F), 50.20(R-F). 80-89 years old are 46.83(L-M), 47.93(R-M), 43.43(L-F), 43.72(R-F).There was significant difference in left shoulder external rotation among group(p<.05).

• 보존과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 활성탄의 문화재 전시 환경에 대한 습도 및 유해물질 제어 능력을 확인하고자 하였다. 흡 방습 성능 실험 결과, 저습과정(RH $30{\rightarrow}55{\rightarrow}30%$)에서는 박물관에서 주로 사용되는 Silica계 조습제에 비해 활성탄의 흡습량이 많은 반면 방습량은 적었다. 흡습속도는 활성탄이 Silica계 조습제에 비해 빠르고 방습속도는 Silica계 조습제가 빨랐다. 중습과정(RH $50{\rightarrow}75{\rightarrow}50%$)에서는 활성탄에 비해 Silica계 조습제의 흡습량이 근소하게 많았으며 방습량은 비슷하게 나타났다. 흡 방습 속도는 활성탄의 흡습 속도가 Silica계 조습제에 비해 빠르고 방습속도는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 유해물질 흡착 실험에서는 활성탄을 적용한 환경이 Silica 계 조습제를 적용한 환경에 비해 Formaldehyde의 농도가 낮았다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.148-159
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• 2018

Purpose: Unmanned air vehicle (UAV) remote sensing was applied to test various vegetation indices and make prediction models of protein content of rice for monitoring grain quality and proper management practice. Methods: Image acquisition was carried out by using NIR (Green, Red, NIR), RGB and RE (Blue, Green, Red-edge) camera mounted on UAV. Sampling was done synchronously at the geo-referenced points and GPS locations were recorded. Paddy samples were air-dried to 15% moisture content, and then dehulled and milled to 92% milling yield and measured the protein content by near-infrared spectroscopy. Results: Artificial neural network showed the better performance with $R^2$ (coefficient of determination) of 0.740, NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient) of 0.733 and RMSE (root mean square error) of 0.187% considering all 54 samples than the models developed by PR (polynomial regression), SLR (simple linear regression), and PLSR (partial least square regression). PLSR calibration models showed almost similar result with PR as 0.663 ($R^2$) and 0.169% (RMSE) for cloud-free samples and 0.491 ($R^2$) and 0.217% (RMSE) for cloud-shadowed samples. However, the validation models performed poorly. This study revealed that there is a highly significant correlation between NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) and protein content in rice. For the cloud-free samples, the SLR models showed $R^2=0.553$ and RMSE = 0.210%, and for cloud-shadowed samples showed 0.479 as $R^2$ and 0.225% as RMSE respectively. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between spectral bands and grain protein content. Artificial neural networks have the strong advantages to fit the nonlinear problem when a sigmoid activation function is used in the hidden layer. Quantitatively, the neural network model obtained a higher precision result with a mean absolute relative error (MARE) of 2.18% and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.187%.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.138-147
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• 2018

Purpose: A narrowband hyperspectral imaging sensor of high-dimensional spectral bands is advantageous for identifying the reflectance by selecting the significant spectral bands for predicting crop yield over the broadband multispectral imaging sensor for each wavelength range of the crop canopy. The images acquired by each imaging sensor were used to develop the models for predicting the Chinese cabbage yield. Methods: The models for predicting the Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) yield, with multispectral images based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), were developed by simple linear regression (SLR) using vegetation indices, and forward stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR) using four spectral bands. The model with hyperspectral images based on the ground were developed using forward stepwise MLR from the significant spectral bands selected by dimension reduction methods based on a partial least squares regression (PLSR) model of high precision and accuracy. Results: The SLR model by the multispectral image cannot predict the yield well because of its low sensitivity in high fresh weight. Despite improved sensitivity in high fresh weight of the MLR model, its precision and accuracy was unsuitable for predicting the yield as its $R^2$ is 0.697, root-mean-square error (RMSE) is 1170 g/plant, relative error (RE) is 67.1%. When selecting the significant spectral bands for predicting the yield using hyperspectral images, the MLR model using four spectral bands show high precision and accuracy, with 0.891 for $R^2$, 616 g/plant for the RMSE, and 35.3% for the RE. Conclusions: Little difference was observed in the precision and accuracy of the PLSR model of 0.896 for $R^2$, 576.7 g/plant for the RMSE, and 33.1% for the RE, compared with the MLR model. If the multispectral imaging sensor composed of the significant spectral bands is produced, the crop yield of a wide area can be predicted using a UAV.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.484-492
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• 2008

Sit to stand(STS) movement is one of the most common activity in daily life. In addition, Korean traditionally stand up from various sitting heights in one's daily life compared to other foreigners. As Korea enter rapidly to the aging society, needs of the elderly's independent life are increasing. Therefore the importance of research about the analysis of elderly's activity in daily life is rapidly increasing. In this study, we analyzed joint movements and changes of muscle length during STS(sit-to-stand) at various sitting heights(table seat, bath seat, bottom) in the Korean elderly's daily life by using the motion analysis and musculoskeletal modeling. Ten Korean elderly and young were participated in this experiment. Three heights of sitting posture which could represent typical sitting in Korean daily life were chosen as table seat(42cm), bath seat(21cm) and bottom(0cm). As the results, the elderly showed both smaller knee/hip flexion and larger trunk flexion relatively in comparison to the young during table seat STS. The elderly also showed larger dorsiflexion and smaller ROM of knee, hip, trunk compared to the young during bath seat STS. Additionally, the elderly showed larger plantarflexion, hip flexion, smaller knee flexion and trunk flexion during the first half of bottom STS and larger knee flexion, hip flexion and trunk flexion during the second half of bottom STS. In addition, we could know contraction and relaxation characters of major muscles in lower limb during various STS through the analysis of changes in muscle length by musculoskeltal modeling.